新8 L1语法 情态动词和祈使句.ppt

1、Can you sing?,Lesson1,Warm-up,Donkey, Donkey I beg you,please dont sing heehawI shall feed you, I shall feed youPlease dont sing heehaw,Heehaw, heehaw, heehaw, heehawWhy you sing so loud?I shall feed you, I shall feed youPlease dont sing heehaw.,今天学什么？,情态动词的用法 can,may,must,复习 can,情态动词,情感,态度,can,定义：表

2、示说话人情感和态度的动词。,注意： 1. 无人称和数的变化； 2.不能单独使用，必须 后+动词原形,2.表委婉的请求或许可，译为能。,eg: Can I sit here ?,Can you help me ?,情态动词Can的用法：,1，表示能力，译为能或会。,eg : I can swim.,He can run.,3. 表示推测（惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度）,用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。 eg: Can this be right? This cant be done(做) by him.,你知道吗？,1.He can see a car.,否定句：,一般疑问句：,肯否答：,特殊疑问句:

3、,He can not see a car.,Can he see a car?,Yes, he can. No, he cant .,What can he see ?,什么?,动词,2.We can play football.,否定句：,一般疑问句：,肯否答：,特殊疑问句:,We can not play football.,Can you play football?,Yes, we can. No, we cant .,What can you do ?,什么?,动词,总结：can特殊疑问句,没划动词： What+一般疑问句语序+？,划 住动词： What+一般疑问句语序+do+？,

4、May的用法：,1，表示委婉的请求或许可，译为可以,比can更正式。,eg: May I borrow your pen?,用May I.？征徇对方许可时比较正式和客气，而用Can I.？在口语中更常见。,2,表示猜测，谈论可能性，译为可能也许。,eg: He may be Tom.,eg: She may be Ann.,句型转换练习,He may watch TV.,否定句：,一般疑问句：,肯否答：,He may not watch TV.,May he watch TV?,Yes, he may. No, he mustnt .,may not 不可以缩写,要明确回答用mustnt,I

5、may read books.,否定句：,一般疑问句：,肯否答：,I may not read books.,May I read books?,Yes, you may. No, you mustnt .,需要注意的几点也是重点：,1，may not 无缩写形式。,2，may的否定回答用mustnt.,3,做may的疑问句遇到I ,we,不用变为you.,情态动词must 的用法：,1,在肯定陈述句中must通常表示说话人的主观意识或要求对方必须做某事（表示命令，建议或请求。译为必须应该一定要）。,eg: I must go now, or Ill be late.,2.must not 是

6、表示说话人不许或 禁止某人做某事。,eg: Look at the sign, you mustnt park your car here.,eg: You mustnt talk like that.,3. 表示推测可能性（只用于肯定的陈述句） 1. Youre Toms good friend, so you must know what he likes. 2. Your mother must be waiting for you now.,你知道吗？,句型转换练习,He must read a book.,否定句：,一般疑问句：,肯否答：,He must not read a boo

7、k.,Must he read a book ?,Yes, he must. No, he neednt .,= mustnt,注：对must的否定回答用neednt。,I must go to bed.,否定句：,一般疑问句：,肯否答：,I must not go to bed.,Must I go to bed ?,Yes, you must. No, you neednt .,需要注意的几点也是重点：,1，must not = mustnt。,2，must的否定回答用neednt.,3,做must的疑问句遇到I ,we,不用变为you.,二者是近义词，但must强调主观看法，而have

8、to 强调客观需要。,eg: You must go to bed now . （主观看法）,eg: Its cold. We have to close the window . （客观需要）,must与 have to 的用法,扩充知识,mustnt 表示“禁止” dont have to表示“不必”,情态动词用法比较,(一) 用适当的情态动词填空。1. Must I borrow the book with my ID card? No, you _.2. _ I use your car? Yes, you _.3. _ I go home now? No, you _ stay he

9、re.4.My mother is ill. I _ stay at home and look after her.5._ you like some tea?6. You _ take more exercise.7. _ you tell me how to get to the Qingyun Park?8. The clock _ tell us the time.9. _ you like to go fishing with me?,neednt,Can/May,can/may,Can/May,must,must,Would,must,(should/have to),Can,c

10、an,Would,练习,(二) 按要求改写句子。1.I can run fast. I _ _ fast. (否定句)2.You must return the book now.（一般疑问句） _ I the book now? No, you _.3.He can play basketball well. （一般疑问句） _ he _ basketball well?4.They must take the books out of the room. （否定句） They _ _ the books out of the room. 5.He should get up early.(

11、否定句) He _ get up late.,练习,cant,run,Must,neednt,Can,play,mustnt,take,shouldnt,(三) 单项选择。（）1. you like some milk ? A .Would B.Could C .Can（）2.We pick the flower in the park. A.cant B.dont C.mustnt ( ) 3.We should more trees, and we shouldnt cut any trees. A.plant B.planting C.plants ( ) 4.May I have so

12、me coffee? A.Yes,you have. B.Yes,you can. C.Yes,certainly.,练习,A,C,A,C,( ) 5.Shall we visit the factory? A.Yes,we do. B.Yes, we shall. C.All right. ( ) 6.Would you like something to eat? A.Yes,we would. B.Yes, Id like some cakes. C.Yes, of course. ( ) 7.What can I do for you? A.Yes,you can. B.No,I ca

13、n do it. C. Yes.Id like some oranges.,c,B,B,还记得吗？,祈使句,一、祈使句： 表示要求、请求或命令、劝告、叮嘱、建议等。 祈使句中的主语常常被省去。 用于祈使句句首的动词总是用原形，不能用其他形式。 二、句式： 三肯一否,1.肯定式： A Do句型：（以动词原形开头） eg: Close the door. B Let句型：（以Let开头） eg：Lets play football . Let me help you . C Be句型：（以Be原形开头） eg: Be careful .,2.否定式： 以 “Dont + 动词原形”开头： eg:

14、Dont open the window . Dont be sad. 注：Please在祈使句中可表示比较委婉的语气，可加上也可省略。 eg: Pass me the book , please . Please pass me the book .,关于祈使句,有多少秘密 你不知道？,1.祈使句的主语通常为第二人称(you)，但一般都被省略，只有在特殊的情况下才把主语(you)补充出来。如： You be quiet! 你安静! You go and tell him, Chris. 克立斯，你去告诉他。 You wait here for a moment. 你在这儿等一会儿。,2.祈使

15、句表示强调 为了加强祈使句的语气，我们通常是在祈使句的动词原形前加上助动词do，此时通常译为“一定”“务必”等。如： Do be careful. 务必要小心。 Do have some more tea. 一定再喝点茶。 Do let me go. 一定让我去。 副词never和always有时可用于祈使句句首，表示强调。如： Never do that again. 再不要这样做了。 Always study hard. 一定要努力学习。,3. “let” 的否定句： 如果宾语是第三人称用“Dont let.” eg: Dont let him sing in the classroom

16、. 如果宾语是第一人称，则用Let.not eg: Its raining now. Lets not go out .,4. 祈使句的省略 一般说来，祈使句总是要以动词原形开头，但是，在某些特殊情况下，我们可以只用一个词或短语来表示祈使句的意义。如： Just a little, please. 请给一点就行了。 A little more slowly please. 再慢一点。 A pound of butter. 给我一磅黄油。 Two teas and four coffees, please. 请来两杯茶和四杯咖啡。,练一练,I. 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。1. Its an

17、 important meeting. _ (not, be )late.2. _ (not,make) any noise! Your mother is sleeping.3. _ (not, speak) with your mouth full of food . 4. _ ( not, talk) and _ (read) aloud.5. _ (not,leave) your homework for tomorrow, Larry.6. _ (look) out! A car is coming.7. _ (give) me fifty yuan , I will buy som

18、e meat . 8. _ (not, let) the baby cry.9. Wear more clothes or you _ (have) a cold.10. Lets _ (not, say) anything about it.,Dont be,Dont make,Dont speak,Dont talk,read,Dont leave,Look,Give,Dont let,will have,not say,( )1 .Her doctor said: “_ work so hard” A Stop B Dont C Cant D No( )2._ when you cros

19、s the road.A Do careB CareC Do be careful D To be careful( )3. _him the secret. A Dont tellB Not to tellC Not telling ( )4. _ in bed. Its bad for your eyes.A Not to read B Dont read C Dont to read ( )5. _ your child. Well look after him. A Not to worry about B Dont worry about C Not worry for D Dont worry with,B,c,A,B,B,( ) 9 _ tell a lie（说谎）. A Hardly B Not C No D Dont ( )10.Please _ look outside. Look at the blackboard. A not B dont C arent D cant,D,B,Part2,验