愤怒的葡萄英文介绍 the grapes of wrath.ppt

1、,100205605 马 100205626 张 100205627 谷 100205631 冯,Content:,Background Information Introduction of Author The Grapes of Wrath,Social background,With the Stock Market crash of 1929 , America moved into the Great Depression. The economic structure in the U.S.A. changed. The gap between the rich and the

2、poor lengthened. More and more people lost their jobs, so the unemployment and poverty became the main social problems. Then a lot of people went along the Highway 66 to california , hoping to find jobs , lands , dignities and thieir futures.,John Steinbeck(1902-1968),1902, born in Salinas, Californ

3、ia 1920, enrolled in Stanford University 1925, went to New York 1925 ,Returned to California ,started writing career 1940, the Pulitzer Prize 1962, Nobel Prize for literature 1968, Passed away,John Steinbeck(1902-1968),His Major works,His Major works,1. First novel: Cup of Gold (1929) 金杯 2.Tortilla

4、Flat (1935): a collection of short stories about an imaginary Mexican-American town in California. 3.In Dubious Battle (1936) 胜负未决： about the strike by migrant farm-workers 4.Of Mice and Men (1937) 人鼠之间： the tragic friendship between a migrant worker and his friend 5. The Grapes of Wrath (1939) 愤怒的葡

5、萄 his master piece 6. Cannery Row (1945) 罐头厂街 7. Travle with Charley in serach of America (1962),Point of View,a. His best writing was produced out of outrage at the injustices of the societies, and the admiration for the strong spirit of the poor. b. His theme was usually simple human virtures, suc

6、h as kindness and fair treatment, which are far superior to the dehumanizing cruelty of exploiters.,Writing style,a. poetic quality b. regional diaclet c. characterization : many types of characters rather than individuals d. many symbols e. social protect: spokenman for the poverty-stricken people,

7、The Grapes of Wrath,The Grapes of Wrath is a novel published in 1939 and written by John Steinbeck, who was awarded the Pulitzer Prize in 1940 and the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1962. Set during the Great Depression, the novel focuses on a poor family of sharecroppers, the Joads, driven from thei

8、r Oklahoma home by drought, economic hardship, and changes in the agriculture industry. In a nearly hopeless situation, partly because they were trapped in the Dust Bowl, they set out for California along with thousands of other Okies in search of land, jobs and dignity. The Grapes of Wrath is frequ

9、ently read in American high school and college literature classes.,愤怒的葡萄长篇小说。斯坦培克著。作于1939年。是美国30年代大萧条时期的一部史诗。小说主人公约德刑满被释回家，发现家乡一片荒芜，只得携家乘坐一辆破旧的汽车到西部谋生，在那里的一个农场做工。一家人拼命干活，只能勉强糊口，农场主还不断地压低工资。农工们奋起反抗，举行罢工，警察前来镇压，牧师凯绥同情农工，被武装流氓打死。约德将凶手击毙，只得再次背井离乡。这部作品，反映了广大人民群众对现存社会的日益不满和叛逆精神，具有鲜明的时代特征。为此，斯坦贝克成了“被压迫者的代言

10、人”。在艺术上，再现了30年代大萧条时期的生活，在人物形象的塑造上，强调外部特征，而不是探究微妙的心理，因而他笔下的人物是类型化的而不是个性化的。象征手法和讽刺手法在作品中也得到了很好的运用 。,the Major Characters,Pa Joad,Tom Joad,husband,son,Ma Joad,friend,Jim Casy,Noah Joad,son,Al Joad,son,Rose of Sharon,daughter,husband,Connie Rivers,Tom Joadgood-natured, thoughtful , strength Protagonist

11、of the story; the Joad familys second son, named after his father. Later on, Tom takes leadership of the family even though he is young.,Characters analysis,Ma Joadmatriarch, practical , warm-spirited, “the citadel of the family.” The mother of the Joad family. She is the healer of the familys ills

12、and the arbiter of its arguments, and her ability to perform these tasks grows as the novel progresses.,Jim Casyradical philosopher, a motivator and unifier of men, and a martyr A former preacher who gave up his ministry out of a belief that all human experience is holy. Casy goes to prison in Toms

13、stead for a fight that erupts between laborers and the California police. He emerges a determined organizer of the migrant workers.,Rose of Sharon-an impractical, petulant, and romantic young woman The oldest of Ma and Pa Joads daughters, and Connies wife. By the end of the novel, she matures consid

14、erably, and possesses the reader learns with surprise, something of her mothers indomitable spirit and grace.,Plot Analysis,. Initial SituationThe land is changing Tom Joad is paroled from prison for homicide. On his journey home, he meets a now-former preacher, Jim Casy, whom he remembers from his

15、childhood, and the two travel together. When they arrive at his childhood farm home, Oklahoma， they find it deserted. Theres been a drought, dust storms are rampant, crops are dead, the economy is weak, and landowners must kick tenant farmers (like the Joads) off of the land.,. ConflictThe Joads mus

16、t move westward. The Joads buy a car and move west, like thousands of other families, in search of a new life, a new home, and new opportunity. With no work here in Oklahoma, they have no other choice., . ComplicationCalifornia is not all that. Over three hundred thousand people have moved to Califo

17、rnia, all looking for the same thing: jobs. The Joads cant find any jobs and cant settle down. They are hungry, they are tired, they lose four members of the family.,. ClimaxTom kills a man. Tom is reunited with Reverend Casy, who has become an agitator or a picketer, fighting for worker rights. The

18、 authorities murder Casy, and Tom kills one of the authorities. Hes in big trouble now.,. SuspenseRuthie spills the beans. The floodwaters rise. Tom tries to hide from the world until the murder hes committed blows over, but his little sister accidentally spills the beans and tells the world what he

19、s done. Meanwhile, it starts raining really hard and the creek beside the Joads boxcar home rises.,. DenouementTom runs away, the Joads escape Not wanting to drag his family into his crime, Tom runs away for good. As the floodwaters continue to rise, Rose of Sharons baby is stillborn. The Joads leav

20、e their boxcar in search of higher and dryer ground.,. Conclusion A dying man is nursed. In the end, Rose of Sharon commits the only act in the book that is not futile: she breast feeds a man too sick from starvation to eat solid food, still trying to show hope in humanity after her own negative exp

21、erience. This final act is said to illustrate the spontaneous mutual sharing that will lead to a new awareness of collective values,Symbols,Grapes In The Bible the grape is a symbol of hope Steinbeck has the same writing style, the destination of California is clear, for its a suitable land of milk

22、and honey Sharons pregnancy 1. Rose of Sharons pregnancy holds the promise of a new beginning. 2. The way that Uncle John disposes of the childs corpse recalls Moses being sent down the Nile. The image suggests that the family, like the Hebrews in Egypt, will be delivered from the slavery of its pre

23、sent circumstances. Death of the Joads Dog The Dog death constitutes the first of many symbols foreshadowing the tragedies that await the family,Themes,1. The saving power of Family and Fellowship The Grapes of Wrath chronicles the story of two “families”: the Joads and the collective body of migran

24、t workers. When the Joads meet the Wilsons, in a remarkably short time, the two groups merge into one anothers survival. This merging takes place among the migrant community in general as well: “twenty families became one family, the children were the children of all. The lose of home became one los

25、e, and the golden dream in the west was one dream.” The livelihood of the migrants depends upon their union. As Tom eventually realize “his” people are all people.,2.Lies and Deceit Central to The Grapes of Wrath is a single lie: thousands of families move west to California because they believe it

26、to be the land of plenty, a place full of jobs and opportunity. This lie is spread through a yellow pamphlet dispensed by a Californian landowner looking for workers, and it both gives families a sense of hope and strips them of hope. Several entities help to sustain this lie: the banks, the car sal

27、esmen, the merchants, and the landowners. The Joads are deceived into thinking that their worries will be forgotten once they get to california.,3.Mans Inhumanity to Man,The migrants great suffering is caused not by bad whether or mere misfortune but by their fellow human beings. Historical, social,

28、 and economic circumstances separate people into rich and poor, landowner and tenant, and the people in the dominant roles struggle viciously to preserve their position. The novel draws a simple line through the population- one that divides the privileged from the poor- and identifies that division

29、as the primary source of evil and suffering in the world.,4.The Dignity of Wrath,The Joads stand as exemplary in their refusal to be broken by the circumstances that conspire against them. Steinbeck emphasizes the importance of maintaining self-respect in order to survive spiritually. The Joads had

30、suffered incomparable losses: Noah, Connie, and Tom has left the family; Rose of Sharon gives birth to a stillborn baby; the family possesses neither food nor promise of work. Yet it is at this moment that the family manages to rise above hardship to perform an act of unsurpassed kindness and genero

31、sity for starving man, show that the Joads have not lost their sense of the value of human life.,The Grapes of Wrath chronicles【叙述】 the story of two “families”: the Joads and the collective body of migrant workers. Although the Joads are joined by blood【血统】, the text argues that it is not their gene

32、tics but their loyalty 【忠诚】and commitment【承诺】 to one another that establishes their true kinship 【亲属关系】. In the migrant lifestyle portrayed【描绘】 in the book, the biological family unit, lacking a home to define its boundaries【边界】, quickly becomes a thing of the past, as life on the road demands that

33、new connections and new kinshipsbe formed. The reader witnesses【见证】 this phenomenon at work when the Joads meet the Wilsons. In a remarkably,analysis,short time, the two groups merge【合并】 into one, sharing one anothers hardships and committing to one anothers survival【幸存】. This merging takes place among the migrant community in general as well: “twenty families became one family, the children were the children of all. The loss of home became one loss, and the golden time in the West was one dream.” In the face of adversity,