2014届高三英语名师点拨专题课件短文改错(73ppt)解读

1、短文改错,四川三年考情分析,下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。 增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(), 并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除: 把多余的词用斜线()划掉。 修改: 在错的词下画一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意: 1. 每句不超过两个错误; 2. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词; 3. 只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。,Today we had a chemistry test. I found the test difficulty, but I tried hardly to do it. Suddenly Mary, my

2、 best friend, asking me to let her to copy my answers. After think for some time, I let her copy my answers. But after the test, all of us were called to the teachers office. The teacher was angry because we had same answers in the tests. We were warned not to cheat again so she would need to see ou

3、r parents. I was very upset. I didnt cheat. I was just helping a friend. Why does she punish me?,答案: Today we had a chemistry test. I found the test difficulty , but difficult I tried hardly to do it. Suddenly Mary, my best friend, hard asking me to let her to copy my answers. After think for some a

4、sked thinking time, I let her copy my answers. But after the test, all of us both,were called to the teachers office. The teacher was angry because we had same answers in the tests . We were the test warned not to cheat again so she would need to see our or parents. I was very upset. I didnt cheat.

5、I was just helping a friend. Why does she punish me? did,1. 【解析】第二句中的difficultydifficult“find+宾语+宾语补足语”结构中用形容词作宾语补足语来说明宾语的状态。 2. 【解析】第二句中的hardlyhardhard副词, 意为“努力地”, 而hardly也是副词, 意为“几乎不”。 3. 【解析】第三句中的askingasked分析句子结构可知本句缺少谓语动词, 结合上文的时态, 故该为一般过去时。 4. 【解析】去掉第三句中her后的tolet使役动词后接不带to的不定式。,5. 【解析】第四句中的th

6、inkthinking介词after之后的动词要改成动名词的形式。 6. 【解析】第五句中的allboth根据上下文来看指的是我和我的朋友两个人, 故该为both。 7. 【解析】第六句中same前加thesame前必须有定冠词the。 8. 【解析】第六句中的teststest在第一句话中就提到了是一次化学测试, 故该为单数形式。,9. 【解析】第七句中的soor根据句意“我们被警告不能再作弊, 否则的话她就会见我们的家长。”可知前后两个分句之间的语意关系为转折关系, 故该为or。 10. 【解析】第十句中的doesdid结合整篇短文的时态可知要改为一般过去时。,热点考向 1 名词 1. 考

7、查方式: (1)本该用复数名词却用了单数形式, 或本该用单数名词却使 用了复数形式。 (2)不可数名词前加了冠词a/an, 或用了复数形式。,2. 突破技巧: 在解答此类试题时要特别注意可数名词单复数形式与意义的准确理解, 集体名词与个体名词的用法辨析, 常用的抽象名词及物质名词具体化的情况及英语中的纯不可数名词(如weather, fun, luggage, news, furniture等)。,【典例】 1. (2012新课标全国卷)From the time I was about four until I was about six, I destroyed each of my to

8、y. 【点拨】,2. (2011新课标全国卷)It felt very strange to travel without any luggages. 【点拨】,【跟踪演练】 1. (2012陕西高考)The food was wonderful with reasonable prices, and we enjoyed several local dish. 【解析】dishdishes。根据前面的不定代词several表示几个, 可知这里的名词用复数形式。 2. (2012浙江高考)I needed to stay in a hospital for at least two week.

9、 【解析】weekweeks。根据前面的数词two, 可知后面的名词用复数形式。,热点考向 2 冠词 1. 考查方式: (1)单数可数名词前要加冠词。 (2)不定冠词与定冠词的区别。 (3)固定短语中冠词的使用错误。 2. 突破技巧: 解答冠词类的试题, 首先要通过句意弄清楚空后名词是 特指还是泛指。若是不可数名词, 是否是抽象名词具体化; 另外还要掌握一些常见的由不定式或定冠词或者零冠词构 成的固定短语。,【典例】 1. (2012陕西高考)It is such great hotel that I will recommend it to any friend of mine who is

10、 going to Beijing. 【点拨】,2. (2011辽宁高考)When, however, on Monday, January 16, a science fiction film about visitors from outer space was shown on television, there was the immediate increase in reports of sightings from all parts of the States. 【点拨】,【跟踪演练】 1. (2012浙江高考)As a result, nobody knew truth. 【

11、解析】truth前加the。根据句意可知前文叙述的真相, 这里已经提到了属于特指, 故加the。 2. (2011新课标全国卷)I was going to visit a friend there and after that I would go to Xiamen for long holiday. 【解析】long前加a。holiday是一个可数名词, 在long前面加a, 表示一个长假。,热点考向 3 代词 1. 考查方式: (1)人称代词, 物主代词, 反身代词指代时是否一致。 (2)it作形式主语、形式宾语或指代时有无缺漏。 2. 突破技巧: (1)顺藤摸瓜, 理清短文中代词的指

12、代关系, 注意联系上下文。 (2)系统掌握it的各种用法。 (3)准确把握不定代词在文中的正确使用。,【典例】 1. (2012新课标全国卷)I was happy when the toys worked, but when things went wrong, I got angry and broke it. 【点拨】,2. (2012陕西高考)It is such a great hotel that I will recommend it to any friend of me who is going to Beijing. 【点拨】,【跟踪演练】 1. (2010陕西高考)As

13、she did this, lots of tea splashed on his T-shirt. 【解析】hisher。当她做这件事时, 许多茶水溅在了她的T恤上。这里表示的是一位女士, 因此应该把his改为her。 2. (2010四川高考)And after many attempts, she passed her driving test and told her husband that, to celebrate, he was going to drive him over to France for a holiday. 【解析】heshe。句子的意思是妻子开车带着丈夫去法

14、国度假, 所以应该用女士的she。,热点考向 4 形容词和副词 1. 考查方式: (1)形容词和副词的误用。 (2)本该用形容词却用名词作表语。 (3)单音节形容词比较级前用多余的more。例如: more longer。 (4)形容词和副词最高级误用。 2. 突破技巧: (1)修饰名词要用形容词。 (2)修饰动词、副词、形容词或整个句子用副词。 (3)结合语境注意比较级和最高级的使用。,【典例】 (2012陕西高考)We lived in a comfortably double-room with a big bath. 【点拨】,【跟踪演练】 1. (2012新课标全国卷)I learn

15、ed early in life that I had to be more patient and little aggressive. 【解析】littleless。根据句意, 我不得不多一些耐心, 少一些好斗, 可知这里用less, 与more对比。 2. (2012浙江高考)Unfortunate, I had an accident and hit another car. . . 【解析】UnfortunateUnfortunately。这里应该用副词修饰整个句子, 作整个句子的状语, 因此改为副词。,热点考向 5 动词 1. 考查方式: (1)作宾语或状语用的动词不定式缺to。

16、(2)不及物动词的间接宾语缺少介词。 (3)及物动词与直接宾语间有多余的介词。 (4)某些及物动词, 因词义混淆, 用了多余的介词或副词。 (5)某些及物动词的固定词组中, 直接宾语前用了多余的不定 冠词。 (6)动词时态和语态错用。 (7)非谓语动词混用。 (8)主谓不一致。,2. 突破技巧: (1)纵观全文或全句, 明确句中动词所作的句子成分。 (2)把握好文章的主体时态, 注意上下文中所用的动词时态的 提示及句子中所用的时间状语。 (3)注意一些用主动形式表示被动含义的动词或短语, 如 consist of; belong to; date back to; be worth doing

17、等。 (4)系统掌握非谓语动词的句法功能。 (5)前后联系, 整体把握。,【典例】 1. (2012陕西高考)My father and I stayed at the South Lake Hotel for a week when we visit Beijing last month. 【点拨】,2. (2012新课标全国卷)Meanwhile, I found out that with more patience I could make my toys to last. 【点拨】,【跟踪演练】 1. (2011新课标全国卷)I feel very happy that I coul

18、d change my clothes at last. 【解析】feelfelt。根据下文中的could, 前后分句的时态应该一致, 因此用过去式。 2. (2010全国卷I)My teachers have been telling me how great my writing was. 【解析】havehad。根据后面的宾语从句中的时态was, 表示过去, 而前面的分句中的谓语动词tell应该是发生在was之前的动作, 应该属于过去的过去, 所以改为过去完成时。,热点考向 6 介词和介词短语 1. 考查方式: (1)介词的含义很多, 可表示时间、地点、方向、方位、状 态、方式、方法、手

19、段等。短文改错时应根据句子意义或 上下文检查介词是否用得准确。 (2)介词在句中不能单独作谓语。 (3)不该用介词时用了介词, 如next year常写成in next year。 (4)介词与动词组成的词组要多加注意。,2. 突破技巧: (1)注意积累语言知识, 特别是一些固定搭配的记忆。 (2)强化语法训练, 分清连词、副词和介词之间的区别和句法 功能。 (3)将语法知识的记忆和语感的培养结合起来。,【典例】 1. (2012新课标全国卷)Thats it. No more toys to you. 【点拨】,2. (2012陕西高考)I also shared for my friend

20、s many photos taken in Beijing. 【点拨】,【跟踪演练】 1. (2011陕西高考)I was really disappointed and about to leave when he walked out a building. 【解析】在out后面加of。walk out of从中出来, 是一个固定词组。 2. (2011新课标全国卷)Luckily I had all my money on my pocket. 【解析】onin。我把所有的钱都放在了口袋里。in表示在里面, 而on在表面上。,热点考向 7 连词 1. 考查方式: (1)并列句缺并列连词

21、。 (2)名词性从句作主语缺连词, 或者误用其他连词。 (3)关系代词、关系副词及从属连词在复合句中的使用是否 正确。 (4)and, or, but, so, however, therefore等词的运用是否正确。,2. 突破技巧: 短文改错对连词的考查仅限于上下文之间语意的连贯方面。所以在做这类题目时, 重要的是要读懂上下文, 搞清楚上下句之间的关系。掌握句式结构, 把握准语意关系是做好此类试题的关键, 如并列逻辑关系常见的词有and, both. . .and. . . , not only . . . but also . . . , as well as等; 转折逻辑关系常见的词有

22、however, but; 递进逻辑关系常见的词有whats more, moreover, besides等。,【典例】 1. (2012新课标全国卷)But before long they began to see which was happening. 【点拨】,2. (2012浙江高考)I called my parents, so I did not tell them what had happened. 【点拨】,【跟踪演练】 1. (2010浙江高考)After we left, I said, “That was very nice of you, Mother. So

23、I didnt think she looked like Grandma. ”“Neither did I, ”said Mother cheerfully. 【解析】SoBut。根据前后的句意, 可知这里表示一种转折关系, 所以应该将So改为But。,2. (2011陕西高考)I didnt have my camera with me at that time, but I rushed back home to get it. 【解析】butand/so。那个时候我没有带着照相机, 所以我跑回家去拿了。这里是一个递进关系或者因果关系, 因此but改为and/so。,1 下面短文中有10

24、处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。 增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(), 并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除: 把多余的词用斜线()划掉。 修改: 在错的词下画一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意: 1. 每句不超过两个错误; 2. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词; 3. 只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。,I bring Rose home five years ago. My neighbor Mrs. Black fell in love with her immediate she saw her. She was such lovely dog, a

25、fter all. Rose also seemed to like Mrs. Black. Two years ago, however, Mrs. Black got cancer. Having been treating in hospital, she decided to receive treatment at home. Since my husband and I were busy in our work, we seldom went to see her. Three months ago, Mrs. Black died. To our surprised, her

26、husband came to thank to us for keeping Rose,one day. He said in the past several months, Rose went to accompany his wife every day before my husband and I went to work. With she around, his wife felt so warm and wasnt in so much pain. I never knew that. That Rose did was really heart-warming.,答案: I

27、 bring Rose home five years ago. My neighbor Mrs. brought Black fell in love with her immediate she saw her. She was immediately such lovely dog, after all. Rose also seemed to like Mrs. a Black. Two years ago, however, Mrs. Black got cancer. Having been treating in hospital, she decided to receive

28、treated,treatment at home. Since my husband and I were busy in with our work, we seldom went to see her. Three months ago, Mrs. Black died. To our surprised surprise,her husband came to thank to us for keeping Rose one day. He said in the past several months, Rose went to accompany his wife every da

29、y before my husband and I went to work. With after she around, his wife felt so warm and wasnt in so much pain. her I never knew that. That Rose did was really heart-warming. What,1. 【解析】将第一句中的bring改为brought。ago表示过去时。 2. 【解析】将第二句中的immediate改为immediately。immediately表示“一就”。 3. 【解析】在第三句中的such后面加上a。后面do

30、g是可数名词。 4. 【解析】将第六句中的treating改为treated。she与treat之间是被动关系。,5. 【解析】将第七句中的in改为with。be busy with固定词组, “忙于”的意思。 6. 【解析】将第九句中的surprised改为surprise。to ones +抽象名词, 表示“使某人感到的是”。 7. 【解析】将第九句中的thank后面的to去掉。thank是及物动词。 8. 【解析】将第十句中的before改为after。意思是“在之后”。 9. 【解析】把第十一句中的she改为her。with的复合结构。 10. 【解析】把第十三句中的That改为Wha

31、t。what引导主语从句, 并在从句中作did的宾语。,2 (2013南充模拟) 下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。 增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(), 并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除: 把多余的词用斜线()划掉。 修改: 在错的词下画一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意: 1. 每句不超过两个错误; 2. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词; 3. 只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。,What Does a Credit Card Bring Us is written by Eillton Henley. Its a brief or e

32、xcellent article about credit cards. The author explains what credit cards work. And he also points out the positive and negative aspect for having it. American consumers are mostly likely to use credit cards. However, the use of credit cards are expanding into almost every country in world. The key

33、 point making by the author is that users should pay for the amount in full when a bill is sent from the credit card company. This protected all the advantages and avoids all the disadvantages of using credit cards.,答案: What Does a Credit Card Bring Us is written by Eillton Henley. Its a brief or ex

34、cellent article about credit cards. The and/but author explains what credit cards work. And he also points how out the positive and negative aspect for having it . American aspects them consumers are mostly likely to use credit cards. However, the most,use of credit cards are expanding into almost e

35、very country in is world. The key point makeing by the author is that users the made should pay for the amount in full when a bill is sent from the credit card company. This protected all the advantages and protects avoids all the disadvantages of using credit cards.,1. 【解析】将第二句中的or改为and或者but。此处表示并列

36、关系或者转折关系。 2. 【解析】将第三句中的what改为how。强调方式状语。 3. 【解析】将第四句中的aspect改为aspects。前面有积极和消极两个方面。 4. 【解析】将第四句中的it改为them。指代前面的credit cards用复数代词。 5. 【解析】将第五句中的mostly改为most。most likely固定词组, 很可能。,6. 【解析】将第六句中的are改为is。主语是use, 谓语用单数形式。 7. 【解析】在第六句中的in后面加上the。in the world在世界上。 8. 【解析】将第七句中的making改为made。point与make之间是被动关系

37、, 故用过去分词短语作后置定语。 9. 【解析】将第七句中的for去掉。pay后面amount作宾语。 10. 【解析】将第八句中的protected改为protects。全文是一般现在时, 且此处and连接并列谓语动词, 时态应一致。,三十一,三十二,三十三,三十四,奏响三部曲解读短文改错 高考英语短文改错的文章多采用记叙文, 有时也有应用文和议论文。其篇幅长度为100120个词, 语言材料通常取自学生的作品或类似学生的作品, 话题多涉及学生身边的事情, 文章难易程度符合学生的实际水平, 基本上不涉及生僻的语言现象。 一、初读全文, 了解大意。 短文改错题的文章较短, 而且大多数文章很容易读

38、懂。通读时应注意文章用什么时态以及前后使用的人称代词。通读的好处是: 读后心中有数, 答题有的放矢。,二、逐句认真阅读并改正其中的错误。 短文改错中常见的错误类型: 1. 动词形, 名词数。 (1)动词主要包括两类错误, 动词的时态和语态错误, 以及主谓不一致的错误。 Then the trouble started. We cannot open the door. So we asked the policeman for help. 很显然此句子主时态是一般过去时, 因此应把cannot改为couldnt。 There were a football game on TV last Sa

39、turday evening. 原句中a football game决定了谓语动词必须用单数, 所以应该把were改为was。,(2)名词主要考查单复数混用。 Helen is seventeen year old. She is very busy. “年龄多大了”应该为复数形式, 因此应该把year改为years。,2. 还要注意形和副。 形容词/副词主要考查: 两者之间是否混用。即该用形容词的地方原文用了副词, 该用副词的地方原文用了形容词。 (1)副词代替正确形容词出现在文章当中: During the football season, Helen is much busier tha

40、n usually. “与平时相比更忙”, 因此需要把usually改为usual。,(2)形容词代替正确副词出现在文章当中: As the time clock showed one minute and forty-two seconds left in the game, she began cheering excited, “Come onget going! ”原文意思是说比赛还剩一分四十二秒时, 她开始兴奋地叫道, 显然应把excited改为excitedly, 用来修饰动词cheer。,3. 代词格, 细领悟。 代词主要考查: 代词是否多余, 以及与反身代词之间的混用。 (1)

41、代词多余: Dont lose your heart. With the help of the people all over the world, Im sure you will get rid of the sorrow and unhappiness. lose heart: become discouraged泄气; 丧失勇气; 而lose ones heart to sb. /sth. : fall in love爱上; 钟情于。原文意思很明显是“别泄气”。所以应该把your去掉。一字之差, 离题千里。,(2)代词混用: We were living in a big family. We treated each other as brothers and sisters. If any one of them had any difficulty, the other would help him or her out. 应把them改为us; 把the后的other改为others。 (3)代词遗漏: A teacher could make classes lively and interesting. 应该在classes前加his,