英语暑假音标和法语法讲解课件

1、英语音标学习,（一）元音,/i:/,me mi: see si: sea si: meet mi:t ,/,sit is pig big miss this,/e /,bed egg best next better pen,/,map hat fat bad hand thank,/:/,ir: girl shirt skirt bird ur; turn burn nurse ear: learn earn heard er; term her or; work worm world,/,er: teacher remember or: doctor actor ou: delicious

2、 dangerous ar: dollar o: together tomorrow today a: ago elephant banana e: happen,/U:/,/U/,o: do shoe who oo: food too moon noon u: true blue,oo: look good foot book ou: should could u: put push O: woman,/:/,/,al: small wall talk tall hall or:short more horse for au: autumn bought warm,o: hot lost l

3、ot a: want wash watch au: because,/:/,/ /,ar: arm art hard a: fast last class father,u: up supper fun cup bus o: come mother dose brother ou: trouble oo: blood,（一）元音,high buy,name game say, ,boy oil,au,out now cow how,no go home hello,oor: poor ure: sure,u,ear： bear air： hair are： care ere： there wh

4、ere,eer： beer deer ear： ear dear near ere： here ea： idea,i,（一）元音,英语的时态,英语的时态,1、一般现在时,4、现在进行时,3、一般将来时,2、一般过去时,5、过去进行时,6、现在完成时,7、过去完成时,8、一般过去将来时,1、一般现在时,概念: 表示习惯、经常性的动作 结构: do、 does 标志语：usually、often、never、 sometimes、once a week twice a month、every year,一般现在时 句型变换,变否定句,变疑问句,（1）一般人称作主语的，动词前加助动词dont 。 （

5、2）单三人称做主语的，动词前加助动词doesnt 。,(1)一般人称作主语的，句首加助动词do。 (2) 单三人称做主语的，句首加助动词does。,有be动词的句式要在be上做变化.,(1)表示动作， 一般人称作主语的 变否定句须在动词前加助动词dont； 变一般疑问句须在句首加助动词do。,例如：They have lunch at 12:00. 陈述句,They dont have lunch at 12:00. 否定句,Do they have lunch at 12:00? 一般疑问句,(2)三单人称做主语的 变否定句须在动词前加助动词doesnt； 变一般疑问句须在句首加助动词doe

6、s。,Does Jenny speak English very well? 一般疑问句,Jenny speaks English very well. 陈述句,Jenny doesnt speak English very well. 否定句,(3） 含有be动词的要在be上做变化. Danny is a good student. 陈述句,Danny isnt a good student. 否定句,Is Danny a good student? 疑问句,The twins wash the clothes every day.陈述句,The twins arnt washing the

7、 clothes every day. 否定句,Are the twins washing the clothes every day? 疑问句,一、用所给词的正确形式填空 1. We often_(play) on the playgound. 2. He _(get) up at six oclock. 3. _you _(brush) your teeth every morning？ 4. What_ (do) he usually _(do) after school? 5. Danny _(study) English, Chinese, Maths, Science and Ar

8、t at school. 6. Mike sometimes _(go) to the park with his sister. 7. At eight at night, she _(watch) TV with her parents. 8. _ Mike_(read) English every day? 9. How many lessons _your classmate_(have) on Monday? 10. What time _his mother_(do) the housework?,play,gets,Do,brush,does,do,studies,goes,wa

9、tches,Does,read,do,have,does,do,11. He often _(have) dinner at home. 12. Daniel and Tommy_ (be) in Class One. 13. We_ (not watch) TV on Monday. 14. Nick _ _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 15. They_ (like) the World Cup. 16. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays 17. Your parents_ (read) newspapers every

10、 day. 18. The girl_ (teach) us English on Sundays. 19. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening. 20. There_ (be) some water in the bottle. 21. Mike _(like) cooking. 22. They_ (have) the same hobby. 23. My aunt_ (look) after her baby carefully. 24. You always_ (do) your homework well. 25. I_ (

11、be) ill. Im staying in bed. 26. She_ (go) to school from Monday to Friday.,has,are,dont watch,doesnt go,like,do,do,read,teaches,take,is,likes,have,looks,do,am,goes,27. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE. 28. The child often_ (watch) TV in the evening. 29. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term. 3

12、0. What day _(be) it today? Its Saturday. 31. Dont make a noise. Grandpa _(sleep). 32. Toms family_(watch) TV. 33. It _(take) me two hours to finish my homework last night. 34. What _ your mother _(do) every evening? She _(wash) clothes. 35. _ it _ (rain)every day? 36. What _(do) you _ on Sundays ?

13、We _ (play) football. 37. There _ (be) a football match on TV every morning.,does,watches,have,is,is sleeping,watch,took,does,do,washes,Does,rain,do,do,play,is,38. They often _ (visit) the Great Wall. 39. Who _ (dance) the best in your class? 40. He _ (not come). 41. The earth _ (move) round the sun

14、. 42 She _ (buy) a sweater. 43. Mr. Wang often_( go) to Shanghai.,visit,dances,doesnt come,moves,bought,goes,二、改句子 1. Do you often play football after school? (肯定回答) 2. I have many books. （改为否定句） 3. Gao Shans sister likes playing table tennis （改为否定句） 4. She lives in a small town near New York. （改为一般

15、疑问句） 5. I watch TV every day. （改为一般疑问句） 6. David has a goal. （改为一般疑问句） 7. We have four lessons.（否定句） 8. Nancy doesnt run fast （肯定句） 9. My dog runs fast. (一般疑问句),1. Yes, I /we do. 2. I dont have many books. 3. Gao Shans sister doesnt like playing table tennis. 4. Does she live in a small town near Ne

16、w York? 5. Do you watch TV every day? 6.Does David have a goal? 7. We dont have four lessons. 8. Nancy runs fast. 9. Does your dog run fast?,三、写出下列动词的第三人称数形式： wash_ match _ guess_ study_ finish_ go_ snow_ carry_ stop_ see_ drive _ let_ carry_ keep_ join_ find_ think_ teach_ catch_ stay_ begin_ forge

17、t_ lie_ hope_ die _ run_ prefer_ give_ ring_ dance_,washes,matches,guesses,studies,finishes,goes,snows,carries,stops,sees,drives,lets,carries,keeps,joins,finds,thinks,teaches,catches,stays,begins,forgets,lies,hopes,runs,prefers,dances,rings,gives,dies,1. There _ an English film at the cinema now. A.

18、 will have B. is going to have C. is going to be D. is 2. The picture _ nice. A. looks B. is looked C. look D. is looking 3. She _ down and soon falls asleep. A. live B. lain C. laid D. sits 4. They _ the office in time very morning. A. reach to B. arrived C. went D. get to,D,A,D,D,5. We shall go to

19、 Shanghai on business before you _ back next week. A. will come B. came C. would come D. come 6. The plane _ over there. A. is B. are C.am D. was 7. I see her _ the room this morning. A. to enter B. entered C. enter D. enters 8. The teacher _us to come to school on time. A. ask B. asking C. asks D.

20、asked,D,A,C,C,9. John always _ others. A. help B. helping C. helps D. to help 10. He _for eight hours every day. A. working B. to work C. works D. worked 11. Youd better _ at home and _ your homework. A. to stay, do B. stay, do C. to stay, to do D. stay, to do 12. He sits down and _ a rest. A. havin

21、g B. have C. to have D. has 13. Uncle Wang never _ a cake. A. make B. to make C. making D. makes,C,C,B,D,D,五、改错 1. Is your brother speak English? 2. Does he likes going fishing? 3. He likes play games after class. 4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. 5. She dont do her homework every evening.,5. She doesnt

22、do her homework every evening.,1. Does your brother speak English?,2. Does he like going fishing?,3. He likes playing games after class.,4. Mr. Wu teaches us English.,单复数变化规则,英语中名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词。,可数名词在应用时有单数和复数形式。,复数名词的构成分为规则变化和不规则变化。,1、单数名词加s: students,apples,bags,trees, books,maps,brothers,birds.,2

23、、以s、x、sh、ch结尾的名词加es: glasses,boxes,classes,dishes,watches.,3、以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加es: cities, babies, ladies,families.,以元音字母加y结尾的名词直接加s : boys, toys,4、 以f或fe结尾的名词，多数变f为v加es: knives, leaves.,但有些词只加s: roofs, chiefs.,heroes, tomatoes, potatoes.,其它加s: radios, zoos, pianos, photos.,5、 以o结尾的名词，有些加es:,6、不规则名词

24、： footfeet, goosegeese, toothteeth, childchildren, manmen, womanwomen, mousemice.,单复数同形，如： deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese,7、集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。 如： people，police，cattle 等本身就是复数，不能说 a people，a police，a cattl。 但可以说 a person，a policeman，a head of cattle. 又如the English，the British，the French，the Chines

25、e，the Japanese，the Swiss 等名词，表示国民总称时，作复数用。,英语的时态,1、一般现在时,4、现在进行时,3、一般将来时,2、一般过去时,5、过去进行时,6、现在完成时,7、过去完成时,8、一般过去将来时,2、一般过去时,概念: 表示过去发生的动作 结构: did 标志语：yesterday、. ago、 in 1992、 last week/month,动词-ed形式的构成：规则动词,wanted,moved died,carried cried,stopped planned,answered,不规则动词,用所给动词的适当形式填空 1.Tom and Mary _

26、(come) to China last month. 2.Mike _(not go) to bed until 12 oclock last night. So I _ (get ) up late. 3.Mary _ (read) English yesterday morning. 4.There _ (be) no one here a moment ago. 5.I _ (call) Mike this morning. 6.I listened but _ (hear) nothing. 7.Tom _ (begin) to learn Chinese last year. 8.

27、Last week we _ (pick) many apples on the farm. 9.My mother _ (not do) housework yesterday. 10.She watches TV every evening. But she _ (not watch) TV last night.,came,didnt go got,read,was,got,called,heard,began,picked,didnt do,didnt watch,11._ your father _ ( go ) to work every day last year? 12. Wh

28、at time _ you _ (get) to Beijing yesterday? We _ (get) to Beijing at 9:00 in the evening. 13.What _ (make) him cry (哭) just now? 14.Last year the teacher _ (tell) us that the earth moves around the sun. 15.There _ a telephone call for you just now. (be) 16.There _ not enough people to pick apples th

29、at day. ( be) 17.There _ any hospitals (医院) in my hometown (家乡) in 1940. ( be not) 18.There _ enough milk at home last week, wasnt there? 19.Eli _ to Japan last week. ( move) 20. When _ you _ (come) to China? - Last year.,Did,go,did,get,got,made,told,was,were,werent,was,moved,did,come,21.Did she _ (

30、have) supper at home? 22.Jack _ (not clean) the room just now. 23._ (be) it cold in your city yesterday? 24.How many people _ (be) there in your class last term? 25.It _ (be) hot yesterday and most children _ (be) outside. 26. There _ (be) a football match on TV yesterday evening, but I _ (have) no

31、time to watch it. 27. He ate some bread and _ (drink) some milk. 28. _ he _ (finish) his homework last night? 29. I_(be) tired yesterday. 30. I _(gain ) Arts degree last year.,have,didnt clean,Was,were,was,were,was,had,drank,Did,finish,was,gained,31. What _ you _ (do) last night? 32. My grandfather

32、_ (leave) Hong Kong for New York in 1998. 33. What _ he _ (do) yesterday? 34. Last week I _ (buy) a new bike. 35. He _ (be) here just now. 36. He _ (not find ) his key last night. 37. My father _ (drink) a lot of wine yesterday. 38. _ you _ (finish) your homework yesterday? 39. I _ (eat) some eggs a

33、nd bread this morning. 40. Her mother _ (not give) the girl any present.,did,do,left,did,do,bought,was,didnt find,drank,Did,finish,ate,didnt give,改错题 1. How is Jane yesterday? 2. He go to school by bus last week. 3. He often goes home at 6:00 last month. 4. I can fly kites seven years ago. 5. Did yo

34、u saw him just now. 6. Tom wasnt watch TV last night. 7. I didnt my homework yesterday. 8. He wait for you three hours ago. 9. Who find it just now ? 10. What did he last week?,1. is-was 2. go-went 3. goes-went 4. can-could 5. saw-see 6. wasnt-didnt 7. didnt-didnt do 8. wait-waited 9. find-found 10.

35、 did he-did he do,( ) 1. Lee _ his mobile phone at home. A. was left B. has left C. had left D. left ( ) 2. _ you _ me? I thought I _ you calling me. A. Did, call, heard B. Have, called, heard C. Have, called, have heard D. Were, call, heard ( ) 3. _ he _ a good rest? No, he didnt. A. Have, had B. D

36、id, have C. Did, had D. Had, had ( ) 4. As soon as he _, he _ to his family. A. arrived, writes B. arrived, written C. arrived, wrote D. had arrived, write ( ) 5. Mr. Black was late because he _ his way. A. losted B. had lost C. has lost D. lost,1. D 2. B 3. B 4. C. 5. D,( ) 6. How long _ you _ here

37、? A. did, study in B. have, study C. have studied D. has, studied ( ) 7. When _ Lee _ school this morning? A. had, got to B. did, get to C. did, get D. did, got to ( ) 8. Will you please say it again? I _ quite _ you. A. didnt, hear B. havent, heard C. didnt, heard D. hadnt, heard ( ) 9. _ you _ at

38、six oclock yesterday? A. Do ,get up B. Did, get up C. Do, got up D. Did, got up ( ) 10.What did you see _? A. now B. every day C. since 1990 D. just now,1. C 2. B 3. A 4. B. 5. D,( ) 11.He went into the room and _ the door. A. lock B. locking C. locks D. locked ( ) 12. What _ you _ last week? I boug

39、ht a bag. A. did ,buy B. did , bought C. do, buy D. do, bought ( ) 13. _ he _ his lunch? Yes, he did. A. Have ,had B. Had, has C. Did, have D. Did, had ( )14.Did the thieves _ into the car? No, they_. A. fell, didnt B. fall, did C. jump, didnt D. jump, did ( ) 15. When did May come back from Hong Ko

40、ng? She _ from Hong Kong last Friday. A. come back B. comes back C. returned back D. came back,1. D 2. A 3. C 4.C. 5. D,( ) 16. _ she _ this dictionary in the bookshop nearby last week? A. Did, buy B. Does, buy C. Did, bought D. Does, buys ( ) 17. He _ to the station this morning and was_ for the tr

41、ain. A. hurry, in time B. hurries, on time C. hurried, in time D. hurried, at time ( ) 18. Where _ Uncle Sun yesterday? A. was B. were C. did D. does ( ) 19. Have you seen him today? Yes, I _ him this morning. A. has seen B. see C. will see D. saw ( ) 20. He _ worried when he heard the news. A. is B

42、. was C. does D. did,1. A 2.C 3. A 4.D. 5. B,( ) 21. There _ a telephone call for my brother Steven yesterday? A. is B. are C. was D. were ( ) 22. Liu Fengwei _ three yuan for the lost library book. A. paid B. pay C. spent D. lost ( ) 23. He _ in this school in 1958. A. taught B. has taught C. teach

43、es D. had taught ( ) 24. They _ tired so they stopped _ a rest. A. are, have B. were, have C. were, to have D. are, having ( ) 25. Yesterday I _ in bed all day because I had a fever. A. lay B. lie C. laid D. lain,1. C 2.A 3. A 4.C. 5. A,( ) 26. Hello, Mike. Its you. I _ you _ in Beijing. How long ha

44、ve you been here? A. dont know, were B. hadnt known, are C. havent known, are D. didnt know, were ( ) 27. As soon as we saw his face, we _ the news _ bad. A. knew, was B. know, were C. know, was D. knows, were ( ) 28. It was raining hard when he _ home. A. got B. get C. gets D. was getting ( ) 29. H

45、e has taught in this school since he _ work. A. began to B. begins to C. begun to D. begin to ( ) 30. She said her brother _ in Beijing. He _ to Japan on business last week. A. wasnt, went B. hasnt, went C. wasnt, would go D. would be, went,1.D 2.A 3.A 4.A. 5. A,现在完成时: 概念: 表示已经发生的动作 结构: has done、 ha

46、ve done 标志语：already、 yet、ever、 never、since、for、 just,before,recently,in the past fewyears, so far,暂时性动词不能与for, since,How long等 表示段时间 的短语同时使用。,come, go, die, marry, buy,现在完成时的用法： （1）现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词just，already, before, yet, never, ever等状语连用。例如： I have never heard of

47、that before. Have you ever ridden a horse? She has already finished the work. Have you milked the cow yet? Yes, I have done that already. Ive just lost my science book. 有时没有时间状语；多是一般疑问句。,（2）现在完成时表示过去已经开始，持续到现在,也许还会持续下去的动作或状态。可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在（包括现在在内）的一段时间的状语连用。 如：for和since，以及 so far, now, today, thi

48、s week(month, year) 等。 I havent seen her these days. She has learnt English for 3 years. They have lived here since 1990. What has happened to the USA in the last 350 years? 注意：表示短暂时间动作的词，如come, go, die, marry, buy等的完成时不能与for, since等表示一段时间的短语连用。,（3）现在完成时还可以用在时间和条件状语从句中,表示将来某时完成的动作，例如： Ill go to your

49、 home when I have finished my homework. If it has stopped snowing in the morning, well go to the park.,（4） have been (to)和have gone (to)的区别： have / has been (to) 表示“曾经去过”某地，说话时此人很可能不在那里，已经回来。侧重指经历。 have / has gone (to) 表示某人“已经去了”某地，说话时此人在那里，或可能在路上，反正不在这里。 试比较： He has been to Beijing. 他曾去过北京。 （人已回来，可

50、能在这儿） He has gone to Beijing. 他已经去了北京。 （人已走，不在这儿）。,过去完成时:,用法：1、过去某时间或动作之前完成的动作或状态(过去的过去)。 2、过去某一时间的动作延续到过去另一时间 常用时间状语： by that time,by the end of , when/before+ 从句，said/knew/asked的宾从中 动词构成:had+过去分词(-ed),2、过去完成时的用法： （1）过去完成时表示过去某一时刻或者某一动作之前完成的动作或状态；句中常用by, before, until, when等词引导的时间状语。 By the end of

51、last year we had built five new houses. I had learnt 5000 words before I entered the university. （2）过去完成时的动词还可以表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或者状态持续到过去某个时间或者持续下去。 Before he slept, he had worked for 12 hours.,（3）在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。 She said (that) she had never been to Paris. （4）在过去不同时间发生的两个动

52、作中，发生在先，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。 When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. （5）表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示原本，未能 We had hoped that you would come, but you didnt. （6）过去完成时的时间状语before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as。 He said that he had learned some

53、 English before. By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself. Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left when he arrived at the party.,1. The old man _ two days after he had been sent to hospital. A. died B. would die C. had died D. has died 2. Old McDonald gav

54、e up smoking for a while, but soon _ to his old ways. A. returned B. returns C. was returning D. had returned 3. I _ my son _ a doctor, but he wasnt good enough at science. A. hoped; would become B. had hoped; would become C. had hoped; will become D. hope; will become 4. I _ to take a good holiday

55、this year, but I wasnt able to get away. A. hope B. have hoped C. had hoped D. hoped 5. Helen _ her key in the office so she had to wait until her husband _ home. A. has left; comes B. left; had come C. had left; came D. had left; would come,1、Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _whats happened to