英语课堂教学设计.ppt

1、初中英语课堂教学设计,景博中学：宋晓玲,一.英语课堂教学设计理论知识； 二.英语课教学设计案例。 案例1：八（上）unit 8 How was your school trip?(Section A 1a-2b) 案例2：八（下）Unit 5 If you go to the party,youll have a great time (section B 3a-4) 案例3：八（下）Unit 6 How long have you been collecting shells? (Reading) 案例4：中考复习课 八（上）unit 1-2,什么是教学设计？,在新课程教学设计概论中明确指出

2、：教学设计，就是对教学目标、教学内容、教学方法、教学策略和教学评价等进行具体计划、创设教学的 系统过程与程序的活动，以便促进学生的学习。,什么是教学设计？,课堂教学设计是以中学教学大纲为依据，在课前对所授内容进行周密分析、系统设计的过程。教学设计就是采用创造性的教学方法和手段，重点思考设计什么方案，采取什么方法和手段，通过什么途径来实现教学目标。我们老师要想让学生置身于主体中，提高学生主动探索问题的积极性，就必须找到多种切合实际的教学方法。从而达到提高英语课堂教学质量的目的。,教学设计的根本特征、原则和策略,教学设计的根本特征是如何创设一个有效的教学系统。作为教师不仅要去研究教材，还要思考如何

3、将教材的诸多内容用恰当的方法和手段传授给学生，帮助学生积累基础知识，掌握基本技能，丰富内在情感，由此可见教学设计的重要性。 我国英语课程新标准明确地提出教学设计的标准及一般原则：教学设计应基于学生的生活经验和兴趣，以帮助学生获取语言知识、培养语言技能和语言能力，促进跨学科的学习和培养学生的综合能力。 根据教学实践，有效的教学设计应遵循以下策略：,有效的教学设计应遵循以下策略：,1.有效地研读教材; 2.有效地把握学情(分析学生）; 3.有效地定位教学目标; 4.有效地设计学习活动; 5.有效地使用教具; 6.有效地设计练习; 7.有效地设计评价方式.,1.有效地研读教材 研读教材就是分析教材内

4、容的科学性、思想性和系统性。理清知识结构，讲清教材的重难点，合理安排讲练比例，着力突出重点，化解难点。挖掘教材的德育因素，落实德育目标。,1.有效地研读教材 教材是教师用于组织教学的语料和范本，是众多教育专家深入思考的产物，有着科学周密而蕴涵深意的经典编排。教材的版面设计、插图、知识结构、文化背景，教学内容以及语言运用等方面，都具有真实性和趣味性等特点，这些为英语教学提供了丰富的资源。但教材并不是圣经，允许教师根据实际情况对教材有所调整。教师应多角度钻研教材，创造性理解和使用教材，要尽可能地由教材的“复制者”转变为教材的“创造者”。只有根据自己学生的实际情况和课程标准的要求，对自己使用的教材做

5、出适当的裁剪，从教教材向用教材来教，才能加深、拓宽课程的内涵和外延，从而达到最好的教学效果。,2.有效地把握学情 陶行知先生也曾告诫教我们，“教的法子要根据学的法子”一言以蔽之，关注学情是教学活动的内在要求。要想上好一节课，不认真研究教育对象，特别是教育对象与教学内容之间的关系，显然是不可思议的。教学的起点和归宿是实现以人为本。教师不能把学生当作一张白纸，而要了解学生的知识储备，只有建立在学生已有经验的基础上的教学，才能真正体现以学生为主体，真正达到教学有效的境界。,3.有效地定位教学目标 教学目标是教学的灵魂，支配着教学的全过程，规定了教与学的方向。一堂好课，肯定有着清晰、科学、具体化的教学

6、目标。教师在教学之前必须弄清楚教学目标问题。制定教学目标要尽可能明确与具体，以便于测量和落实。教师还要根据教学内容的特点，结合自己的认识和理解，确定在一节课中有所侧重地体现某一方面的目标。要提高课堂教学的效能，教学目标设计是第一个环节。要真正提高教学目标设计的有效性，我们做到以下四点：,1）教学目标要体现学生。 教学目标的完成者是学生，学生是教学目标的主体。教师不能凭自己主观武断设定教学目标，而是要在充分了解学生的基础认知结构、认知特点、个性特征、社会背景、语言水平、语用能力等上，从学生的角度考虑设计去设计教学过程。,2）教学目标要体现任务。 在设计一堂课的教学目标时，我们也应该考虑目标的任务

7、化。这类任务既是来自学生的生活，又能整合语言知识、语言技能、文化意识、学习策略和情感态度。,3）教学目标要体现发展。 每一堂课都要让学生有收获、有发展。这需要教学目标要有一定的难度。教学难度的把握需要教师认真分析学生原有水平，同时还需要教师充分考虑学生的现有能力。教学难度必须控制在学生的能力范围之内，否则同样也是无效的。,4）教学目标要体现人文。 我们的教学要面向全体学生，在教学目标设计阶段就要考虑到如何让每个学生都有所发展、有所提高。,4.有效地设计学习活动 课堂教学是学生学习英语的基本形式，是学生学习知识、培养语言技能、提高英语语言能力的主要渠道，因此，课堂教学至关重要。学生在这种单一老套

8、的教学中毫无激情，教师在上面唱独角戏，课堂死气沉沉，学生昏昏欲睡，很难达到预期的教学效果。长此以往，教师没了激情，学生没了兴趣，课堂教学就失去了实效性。有效的课堂设计能激发学生参与的热情，改变英语课堂低效或无效的现状。课堂学习活动的设计要遵循以下策略：,2）调动多人积极参与，促进有效学习。 英语课是一门实践性很强的课程，语言学习就是实践性很强的活动。 要想学会运用语言，光靠书本知识是无济于事的。只有当学生在课堂上全身心投入，进行大量的语言实践，真正成为学习的主人时，才能获得积极的情感因素。但由于智力和语言天赋的差异、认知方式的差异以及个人性格的差异，有些学生在课堂上表现的自信活泼，积极发言；有

9、的虽活跃大胆却比较冲动，容易受外在刺激的影响；有的则相对安静内敛，不愿轻易展示自己。 这就要求教师学会观察课堂，分层设计教学目标和要求，给每位学生以不同的表现机会，设法给不同的学生都有成功的机会，让课堂中没有一个“闲人”。特别是学困生，也要让他们尝到“摘到桃”的甜头，让他们在成功中激发学习兴趣，克服自卑心理，增强学习主动性， 最后让我们的课堂人人参与，有所作为，有所学。而且学的生动，学的主动，让学生成为学习活动的主人，把我们的课堂变成学生的“学堂”。,1）创设有趣的学习情境，促进有效学习。 情境是英语学习的前提，便于学生理解语言的意义，理解语言运用的具体环境，进而能真正运用已学到的语言材料，有

10、效的课堂学习活动应当创设更多真实的情境。如利用实物或多媒体情景，借助动作、表情创设情景，通过语言描述创设情景，进行角色表演创设情景等等。使学生产生身临其境的感觉，从而导致学生整体上理解和运用语言，促进学生的语言能力、想象力、创造力等整体发展。,3）设计多样的学习方式，促进有效学习。 在常规的教学过程中，一般都是“教师示范朗读、个别学生表演、同桌练习”，这样重复机械的形式学生已经觉得索然无味。因此为保证课堂中学习活动的有效性，我们应尽量采用多一些“花样”，多一些不同方式的活动，多一些不同形式的操练，给学生一些新鲜感，降低审美疲劳。,4）保证充分的学习时间，促进有效学习。 人的记忆规律是：对于枯燥

11、、抽象、被灌输的知识遗忘率极高，需要不断地复现；对于生动直观、自己得来的知识不容易遗忘，能牢牢记住。 基于此，我们经常会把各种游戏活动引入课堂，确实收到了一定的效果。但很多时候往往受课堂时间或教学任务的限制，设计的活动只能是“点到为止”，求一个热闹，走一下过场。最成功的课堂应是学生，而不是教师承担大部分的工作。 因此，为使开展的学习活动有效，教师就应该精讲，让学生在学习活动中多练，通过自身的活动来充实教学内容，丰富教学形式，巩固教学成果，让学生在乐中学，趣中学，动中学，用中学。,5）学会按要求操作，促进有效学习。 学生根据教师的要求进行正确的操作，这是有效学习活动最基本的要求。但我们观察发现，

12、很多孩子做英语笔试题正确率很高，在课堂上却都不怎么善于用英语进行表达，更不要说用英语进行思维了。 因此我们教师一定要在平时加强这方面的训练，贯彻教育的循序渐进原则，不断地、递进地布置任务，千万不能操之过急，不能提出与学生实际水平脱节的要求，同时，在学生活动过程中要加强指导，及时反馈，并随时根据实际情况做出不同要求，以培养学生用英语交际的能力和习惯，也使学习活动本身更加正确、有效。,6）学会沟通合作，促进有效学习。 课堂是孩子们最熟悉的地方，给他们带来知识，让他们培养能力，更使他们认识彼此。 “小组合作学习”在当前初中英语课堂上使用较广， “小组活动”常用的合作方式有： 两人小组Pairwork

13、、 多人人小组Groupwork、接龙等为重要组织形式,让学生在合作的学习活动中培养合作意识、合作精神和合作能力。,5.有效地使用教具 教具是教学的辅助工具，合理地运用教具、多媒体辅助教学，易于激发学生的形象思维，创设适宜的情境，帮助学生把抽象的知识形象化，把难点化解，使学生各种感官并用，有效的帮助教师指导学生自主学习，培养探索能力，大大提高了课堂效率。,6.有效地设计练习 在英语教学中，练习是全面完成英语教学任务所必不可少的重要手段。它可以促进学生对英语的基本知识和技能的进一步理解、掌握、巩固和应用；也可以促使学生转化成为熟练的技能技巧；可以使学生听说读写各方面的能力得到发展；也是教师及时的

14、得到学习反馈的重要途径。,1）英语课堂练习的针对性。 英语学习与其他学科有所不同，学生自身条件差距较大，学习能力各不相同，学习过程中分化比较明显。教师布置练习要注意分层次要求，对学习困难的学生，应降低练习的难度。对优秀的学生则相反，要从各方面挖掘他们的创造力。让每个学生在各个方面得到不同程度的提高。,2）英语课堂练习的趣味性和多样性。 机械重复性的练习，枯躁乏味，不仅影响教学效果，而且影响学生的学习积极性。 只有练习的设计注意到题型的多样化和练习方式的多样化，才能使学生保持积极的学习状态，高效的学习。 在练习时，要根据学生的年龄特点和兴趣爱好，结合学生已有知识设计生动活泼的习题、创设富有情趣的

15、语言环境，让学生能感受到学习英语的趣味性，从而对英语产生亲切感，这样有助于提高英语学习的兴趣和思维能力，培养学生的自主性和创新意识。,3）英语课堂练习的情景性和实践性。 陶行知先生指出“学校课程必须贴近学生的生活经验，提高他们的学习兴趣和自主合作的探究能力”这指导我们，英语课堂练习设计时，要克服缺乏母语环境和学习氛围的困难，为学生提供一些模拟的情景，使他们沉浸在丰富的、强化的、持续不断的外语环境中，去理解所学内容，接受所学语言。,4）英语课堂练习的时效性。 练习的设计要处理好数量和质量的辩证关系。只注意练习内容少而精，没有一定的数量作保证，是达不到巩固知识、形成技能的目的。反之，只求数量不求质

16、量的重复性练习，不利于智力的开发，能力的培养，是劳而无功的。练习的设计一定要从数量和质量这两个方面去考虑，尽力做到在有限的时间里，取得最佳的练习效果。,7.有效地设计评价方式 现代课堂教学强调激励性评价。在课堂教学中，教师从关心、爱护、理解和激励出发，以不伤害学生的自尊心和不打击学生的创造性为前提，设计肯定性评价、激励性评价、体态评价等，从而大大调动学生的积极性。,案例分析,案例1：八（上）unit 8 How was your school trip?(Section A 1a-2b) 案例2：八（下）Unit 5 If you go to the party, youll have a g

17、reat time (section B 3a-4) 案例3：八（下）Unit 6 How long have you been collecting shells? (Reading) 案例4：中考复习课 八（上）unit 1-2,How was your school trip?,Section A Period 1,Unit 8,1b,What did Tina do on her school trip? Listen and circle the expressions .,went to the aquarium took photos went to the zoo had pi

18、zza ate some ice cream hung out with her friends saw some seals bought some souvenirs saw some sharks,Did you win that hat?,Did you buy that hat?,What else did you do?,Did you get his autograph?,Did you see any sharks?,Were there any seals?,Did you take any photos?,2a.Listen and check( ) the questio

19、ns you hear in order.,1.Tina met a famous actor. 2.Tina got Jake Deans autograph. 3.Toby won a prize. 4.Tina won a hat. 5.There were many actors at the aquarium.,2b.Listen and circle “T” or “F”.,Yesterday Once More When I was young Id listen to the radio waiting for my favorite songs. When they play

20、ed Id sing along, it made me smile. Those were such happy times and not so long ago. How I wondered where theyd gone. But they are back again just like a long lost friend all the songs I love so well. Its yesterday once more.,Enjoy the song,What did you do on vacation?,watched TV,listened to music,d

21、anced,exercised,surfed the Internet,played soccer,cleaned the room,go/went swimming,cleaned the room,went shopping,read a book,cooked dinner,went to the library,What did she/he do on her/his National Day vacation ?,Oct 1st,2008,Oct 2nd,2008,Oct 4th,2008,Oct 6th,2008,Oct 5th,2008,go/,What did you do

22、yesterday?,PK,A: What did he do on his last school trip?,hang out with his friends?,go fishing?,have / eat ice cream?,C: Did he,No, he didnt. He went to the aquarium and saw the seals.,buy a souvenir?,B: He went fishing on his school trip.,D: No, he didnt.,(hung),(had/ate),(bought),an aquarium,went

23、to the aquarium,shark,seal,sea horse,starfish,octopus,dolphin,What animals are there in the sea(大海)?,(n. 鲨鱼),(n. 海狮),Who has a good memory?,谁的记忆力好？,penguins seals dolphins octopus starfishes,aquarium,(n. 水族馆),T: Were there any beautiful fishes at the ?,S: Yes, there were.,Liu Jiheng went to the aqua

24、rium yesterday.,T: Were there any sharks at the aquarium?,S: Yes, there were.,S: No, there werent . There werent any dogs.,T: Were there any dogs at the aquarium?,penguins,seals,dolphins,octopuses,sharks,starfishes,elephants,A: Were there any at the aquarium? B: Yes, there were / No, there werent,A:

25、 Were there any at the aquarium?,B: Yes, there were / No, there werent.,sharks,seals,sea horses,Pairwork1,went to the beach,had some ice cream,went fishing,went to the aquarium,went skateboarding,took photos,hung out with friends,saw the seals,What did they/he/she/you do on their/his/her/your last s

26、chool trip?,1a,P 47,S: Did you go to the beach on your last school trip? T: No, I didnt. My friend Wei Wei went to the beach .,1c. Pairwork2,went/go to the beach,had/have some ice cream,went/go fishing,went/go to the aquarium,went/go skateboarding,took/take photos,hung/hang out with friends,saw/see

27、the seals,1b,What did Tina do on her school trip? Listen and circle the expressions .,went to the aquarium took photos went to the zoo had pizza ate some ice cream hung out with her friends saw some seals bought some souvenir saw some sharks,1b,Listen again. Answer the questions,1.How was Tinas scho

28、ol trip ?,2. Did Tina go to the zoo ?,3. Where did Tina go ?,4. Were there any sharks at the aquarium ?,6. What else did Tina do ?,It was fantastic .,No, she didnt .,She went to the aquarium .,No, there werent.,5. Were there any seals at the aquarium ?,Yes, there were .,She hung out with her friends

29、 and took lots of photos .,autograph,get his,Did you win that hat?,Did you buy that hat?,What else did you do?,Did you get his autograph?,Did you see any sharks?,Were there any seals?,Did you take any photos?,2a.Listen and check( ) the questions you hear in order.,1,2,3,1.Tina met a famous actor. 2.

30、Tina got Jake Deans autograph. 3.Toby won a prize. 4.Tina won a hat. 5.There were many actors at the aquarium.,T,F,F,F,T,2b.Listen and circle “T” or “F”.,Make a survey about what your friends did on their school trip or vacation?,Homework,Hello, everyone! I am a reporter from CCTV-9. Now I am going

31、to interview How was your last trip? (fantastic/great/interesting/boring) Did you go ? / Where did you go? Were there ? What did you do there? Did you there? Did you buy a souvenir?,CCTVs talk show,Unit 5 If you go to the party, youll have a great time!,Section B(3a-4),Do you want to be a profession

32、al athlete? Why or why not?,Lead-in.,He is a professional athlete.,a professional basketball player,a basketball player,He makes a living by playing basketball.,He plays basketball all the time.,谋生,一直,Yao Ming plays basketball for a living.,famous (well-known) in the world,People around the world kn

33、ow him.,Now he is successful.,He often gives his money to some charities.,He has a lot of chances to help people.,慈善团体,机会,Sometimes he gets injured.,受伤,Yao Ming is _. He _ _ by playing basketball. He plays basketball _. Sometimes he _. Now he is successful. He often gives his money to some _. He has

34、 a lot of _ to help people.,Can you say something about Yao Ming?,a professional athlete,makes a,all the time,gets injured,charities,chances,living,a professional athlete,famous,make a lot of money (rich),give money to schools and charities,advantages,(好处),happy,Are famous people happy all the time?

35、,=Are famous people always happy?,If you are famous, what will happen?,watch you all the time,follow you everywhere,This can make life difficult.,watch you all the time,follow you everywhere,make your life difficult,get injured (dangerous),have a difficult time knowing real friends,disadvantages,(弊端

36、),a professional athlete,Look at the title and predict what you will read about. (看标题, 预测内容）,A. The advantages of being an athlete. (好处) B. The disadvantages of being an athlete. (坏处) C. The advantages and disadvantages of being an athlete.,If I become an athlete, will I be happy?,What does the pass

37、age talk about?,Title: (标题),True or False.,1. Many young people think becoming a professional athlete is a dream job.,2. If you become famous, people all over the world will know you.,3.Many athletes like to do a lot of work to help others.,4. Professional athletes never have any problems.,5. Many f

38、amous people complain that they are not happy.,Read the article and complete the chart.,1. You can make a living doing something you love. 2. You can make a lot of money and become rich.,People will watch you all the time. 2. People will follow you everywhere.,3. You can become famous. 4. You can gi

39、ve money to schools and charities. 5. You can do a lot of work to help people.,3. It will be dangerous. 4. You will get injured. 5. You will have a difficult time knowing who your real friends are.,If I become an athlete, will I be happy? For , might seem like If you become, youll you love. If you b

40、ecome , give money , and This is a great that many people However, can also If you are , will watch This can If you play , your job . get And if you become, you will In fact, complain They say before ,What is your dream job?,Writing:,每个人都有理想的职业, 你的理想职业是什么？这个职业有什么利与弊, 写一篇80字左右的文章, 向大家介绍你的理想职业。 友情提示:a

41、 dream job, if, famous, make money, chance, have a difficult time, make a living,will (参考词汇） have a lot of money travel around the world have much freedom (自由) be interesting/funny/exciting work with children give money to schools and charities help people,I want to be a . If I am a ., . will .,What

42、 is your dream job?,wont (参考词汇） have little money have little freedom(自由)/watch me all the time and follow me everywhere feel boring work late /sleep little/feel too tired too dangerous/get injured cant go to college wont know your real friends,I dont want to be a . If I am a., . will.,If I become a

43、/an _,If I become a/an , I will_ _ I wont_ _,3c,Write about your own plans using sentences with if and will.,Example 1:,Maybe I will become a teacher. If I become a teacher, I will work with children. I love children, so I will be happy. I will also be able to work outside sometimes. But I wont be f

44、amous.,Example 2. Maybe Ill be a lawyer. If become a lawyer, I will be able to help people. But I wont be able to work outside and I wont be able to work with children.,Homework: Maybe I will become a singer/ writer/ driver, astronaut, policeman, doctor,Homework:,Make a survey: Whats your classmates

45、 favorite job? Why?,Thank you for listening!,Ive been studying history in China,Unit 6 How long have you been collecting shells ? Reading,Play a guessing game,_ _ _ _ _ _ _,The third letter comes after “r”.,h,y,i,s,The first letter is in “hot”, but not in “not”.,The last letter is both in “they” and

46、 “your”.,The second letter has the same pronunciation(发音) as “eye”.,t,o,r,How do you understand “history”?,History:,his,story,Just a joke,All the things that happened in the past.,Have a quiz,How much knowledge do you know about history?,1. Which dynasty came after Tang Dynasty(唐朝)?,Yuan Dynasty B.

47、Ming Dynasty C. Song Dynasty D. Han Dynasty,2. Which character (人物) from Chinese history came from Tang Dynasty?,Li Bai,Chairman Mao,Qu Yuan,A,B,C,D,Li Shizhen,3. Who was the first Song Emperor(皇帝)?,A,B,C,D,Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang,Emperor Kangxi,Emperor Zhao Kuangying,Emperor Qing Shihuang,4. Which ch

48、aracter from the history of other countries is Jewish(犹太人的)?,A,B,C,D,Newton,Edison,Einstein,Beethoven,He is Jewish. He is a Jew(犹太人). He is a foreigner(外国人).,5. Which was the capital(省会,首都) of the Northern Song Dynasty?,A,B,C,D,Beijing,Kaifeng,Luoyang,Hangzhou,the capital of,Heilongjiang Province,Sa

49、y something about the city of Harbin.,It is the capital of Heilongjiang Province. It is a city with a very colorful history. In winter, it is very cold. You can go skating and go skiing there. We can enjoy the Ice and Snow Festival. There are many old buildings in Russian style.,the Ice and Snow Fes

50、tival,俄罗斯风格,Its in Russian style.,European influence (欧洲的) (影响),There is some_ _ in the city.,Its in English style.,Its in French style.,the Sophia Church,I think the passage will mainly(主要) tell us_ studying history buildings,Its in Russian style.,Something about Leo and Harbin.,B. Leos dream.,C. L

51、eos study.,D. Leos family history.,Para.1,Para.2,Para.3,Para.4,Reading strategy: Read the first sentence of each paragraph to get the main idea. （看每段的首句，获取大意。）,Skim,1. Leo has been teaching in China for .,2. Some of the old buildings in Harbin are .,3. The welcomed the first Jews to China.,4.In Aust

52、ralia, students usually study _ and _ history.,5. The more Leo learns about _the more he enjoys in China.,two years,in Russian style,Song Emperor,Australian,western,Chinese history,living,(in P1),(in P1),(in P2),(in P3),(in P3),Skan,3a Reading strategy: Let your eyes “scan”,the text quickly to find

53、details that you are looking for. You can find information quickly without reading the whole text.(快速扫读，并找出具体信息，无须读整篇),My name is Leo. Im from Australia, and Ive been teaching in China for two years. I teach in Harbin, the capital of Heilongjiang Province. This is an interesting city with a very col

54、orful history. There is some European influence in the city, and some of the old buildings in Harbin are in Russian style.,Para1: Something about Leo and Harbin.,Careful reading,Read paragraph 1 and answer the questions.,How long has he been teaching in China?,What does he think of the city?,What st

55、yle are some of the buildings in?,Whats the writers name ?,Para1,Name:,Country:,Job:,teacher:,for two years,In Harbin,How long:,Place:,the capital of _,There is some _ _in the city.,Old buildings are _.,Leo,Heilongjiang Province,a very colorful history,European,influence,in Russian style,an interest

56、ing city with _,Australia,Say something about Leo and Harbin,_I came to China, Ive been learning a lot about my family history. _Im Australian(澳大利亚人的), my family is Jewish. _it was very interesting for me to learn _a lot of Jews came to live in Harbin many years ago. My parents were so surprised _I

57、told them about this in China. _, the first Jews probably came to Kaifeng _a thousand(一千) years ago, and were welcomed by the Song Emperor.,Listen to Leo and fill in the blanks,Since,Although,So,that,when,In fact,more than,Para2: Leos family history,How long has he been learning a lot about his family history? 2. What was very interesting for him to learn? 3. When did the first Jews probably came to Kaifeng? 4. By whom were the first Jews welcomed?,Since he came to China.,It was interesting for him to learn that a lot of Jews came to live in Harbin many years ago,More than a thousa