2018届中考英语语法专题复习：主谓一致ppt课件(含答案)

1、主谓一致,主谓一致是指主语和谓语必须保持人称和数的变化一致，即句中谓语的变化形式要根据句子主语的人称和数的形式决定。主谓一致通常遵循三个原则：语法一致、意义一致和就近一致原则。,语法一致 语法一致是指主语和谓语动词在语法形式上保持一致，即主语是单数形式，其谓语动词也用单数形式；主语是复数形式，其谓语动词也用复数形式。,考点一： 一般情况下，主语为单数可数名词或代词、不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数形式；主语为复数可数名词或代词时，谓语动词用复数形式。,1. _ any students in the classroom when the earthquake happened? Yes, but

2、they have been saved. (2014四川凉山) A. There were B. Was there C. There are D. Were there,2. Im hungry. _ there any bread in the fridge, Mum? None, but we have cakes. Would you like to have one? (2014四川乐山) A. Is B. Are C. Will,考点二： 用and或both . and .连接并列主语，谓语动词常用复数形式。,Andy, youd better not eat meat only

3、. You should know milk and fruit _ good for you. (2014江苏淮安) A. is B. are C. was D. were,考点三：不定代词作主语 any, either, neither, none, each, one，the other, another, anybody, anyone,anything, someone, somebody, something,everyone，everybody, everything, nobody, no one,nothing作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。,Which would you

4、like, tea or coffee? Either _ OK, but I prefer coffee _ milk. (2014广东梅州) A. is; has B. are; with C. is; with D. are; has,考点四： 当主语后面跟有with,except,including, together with, as well as, in addition to等词语引导的短语时，谓语动词的单复数形式由主语的单复数形式决定。,1. The summer holidays are coming, so the twins as well as Jack _ to H

5、ong Kong for vacation. (2014湖北黄石) A. is going B. are going C. goes D. go,2. What are you going to do this weekend? I together with my classmates _ going to climb Mount Qian. (2014湖北咸宁) A. is B. am C. are D. were,考点五： 一些由两个部分构成的表示衣物或工具的名词作主语时，谓语动词常用复数形式，如shoes, trousers, clothes, scissors, chopsticks

6、, glasses等。但如果这些名词前有a kind of, a pair of, a series of等修饰时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。,This pair of shoes _ me well, but the shoes _ expensive. (2014四川巴中) A. fit; are B. fits; are C. fits; is,2. This pair of pants _ mine. Yours may _ on the bed. (2014黑龙江绥化) A. is; be B. are; be C. are; are,考点六： 1.“a number of +复数可数

7、名词/代词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式； “the number of +复数可数名词/代词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 2.“分数/百分数+ of +名词”和“the rest of +名词”作主语时，谓语动词的形式由名词决定。,1. What _ the number of the students in your school? About two thousand. A number of them _ from the countryside. (2014山东泰安) A. is; are B. is; is C. are; is D. are; are,2. When will

8、 the railway that connects the two cities open? _ next year. Only two thirds _ been built. (2014江苏常州) A. Until; has B. Until; have C. Not until; has D. Not until; have,考点七： 动词不定式或动词-ing形式作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。,Climbing hills _ good for our health. (2014贵州黔东南) A. are B. is C. was D. were,意义一致 意义一致是指谓语动词和主语的

9、一致不是取决于主语的语法形式，而是由其意义决定。,考点一： 当表示距离、金额、时间、书名等复数名词(词组)作主语时，常将其看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式。,Do you need more time to complete the task? Yes. Another ten days _ enough. (2014广东) A. is B. was C. are D. were,考点二： 某些集体名词(如family, class, team, group等)作主语时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式；如果指集体中的成员，谓语动词用复数形式。,1. Look! The police

10、_ the food onto the bank of the river. (2014四川宜宾) A. am carrying B. is carrying C. are carrying D. are carried,2. The team _ the best in the game and the team _ trying their best to play. A. is; is B. is; are C. are; are D. are; is,考点三： 一些形式上是复数，但意义上是单数的名词，如news, works, physics, maths, politics等，它们作

11、主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。,I hope there _ good news tonight. A. is B. are C. was D. were,考点四： 1.如果主语由“the +形容词”充当时，谓语动词常用复数形式。这类词有the brave，the poor，the rich，the blind，the young，the old，the sick，the dead等。 2.“the +姓氏的复数形式”表示某某一家人或某某夫妇作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。,1. The young _ hard to get a better life these days. A. is wor

12、king B. have worked C. has worked D. are working,2. The Whites _ the holiday in Europe next week. A. is going to take B. are going to take C. takes D. take,考点五： 代词what, which, who, some, any等作主语时，谓语动词可根据说话人所要表达的意思决定其单复数形式。,1. Which _ your chair, Paul? The red one. Its near Jims. A. is B. areC. was D

13、. were 2. Do you know where the cards are? Yes. There _ some in my bedroom. A. is B. are C. was D. were,就近一致 就近一致是指谓语动词的数要与其最近的主语在人称和数上保持一致。,考点一： 以or, not only . but also ., either . or ., neither . nor .等连接的名词(或代词)作主语时，谓语动词常与靠近它的主语在人称和数上保持一致。,1. Neither Tony nor I _ interested in playing Weibo. You

14、 are out. (2014四川广安) A. am B. is C. are 2. Not only my friends but also I _ interested in football and Messi is our favorite star. (2013广东) A. be B. am C. is D. are,考点二： 在there be句型中，如果有两个或两个以上的主语时，主语与谓语的一致遵循着两个相矛盾的原则：就近一致和语法一致。做题时，常依据就近一致原则。,1. There _ some milk and two eggs on the table. (2014湖南永州

15、) A. isB. areC. has 2. There _ a book and some pens in the bag. Please give them to the old man. (2014贵州毕节) A. be B. are C. is D. have,3. There _ lots of sheep and pigs on my uncles farm now. (2014重庆) A. was B. were C. is D. are,1. The twins _ fond of the new idea in the magazine article. (2016上海) A

16、. be B. am C. is D. are 2. A woman with a young boy _ getting into Uncles car. (2016山东威海) is B. are C. has,中考链接,3. There _ a number of books in the library and the number of them _ increasing. (2016 山东烟台) A. has; is B. have; are C. are; is D. is; are 4. We each _ We Chat nowadays, even the old peopl

17、e. (2016黑龙江龙东) A. play B. plays C. playing,5. Look! This is our class photo. There _ 45 students in my class. (2016 四川攀枝花) A. has B. have C. is D. are 6. Not only you but also everyone here _ watching football matches. (2016黑龙江齐齐哈尔) A. likes B. like C. is like,7. My sister with my parents _ dumpling

18、s when I got home yesterday evening. (2016甘肃兰州) A. are making B. is making C. was making D. were making 8. Everybody except Mike and Linda _ there when the meeting began. (2016四川自贡) A. are B. was C. were,9. About _ of the land _ covered with trees and grass. (2016 黑龙江龙东地区) A. three fifths; is B. three fifths; are C. three fifth; are 10. Both Kate and I _ ready for the new high school life. (2016湖北孝感) A. am B. is C. are D. be,11. There _ some good advice about how to reduce air pollution on the Intern