chapter16内分泌系统-文档资料

1、Sample of endocrine test results,What are they?,Pituitary gland/hypophysis,Adenohypophysis 腺垂体前叶 neurohypophysis 垂体神经部, 神经(性)垂体 (垂体后叶),Hormones secreted by hypophysis,GH/somatotropin 生长激素 Prolactin/lactogenic hormone 催乳素 Thyrotropin/thyroid-stimulating hormone 促甲状腺激素 ACTH(=adrenocorticotropic hormon

2、e) /adrenocorticotropin/corticotropin 促肾上腺皮质激素,Hormones secreted by hypophysis,Gonadotropic hormones 促性腺激素 FSH=follicle-stimulating hormone 促卵泡激素 ICSH=interstitial cell-stimulating hormone/luteinizing hormone 促间质细胞激素,促黄体激素 MSH/melanotrophin=melanocyte-stimulating hormone 促黑色素细胞激素 Vasopressin/ADH=ant

3、idiuretic hormone 后叶加压素,抗利尿激素 oxytocin (后叶)催产素,缩宫素,Hormone secreted by pineal body,melatonin 退黑激素,Hormones secreted by thyroid gland,Thyroxine甲状腺素 Tetraiodothyronine (T4)四碘甲腺原氨酸 Triiodothyronine (T3)三碘甲腺原氨酸 Protein-bound iodine (PBI) calcitonin降血钙素(一种调节血中含钙量之荷尔蒙),Hormones secreted by parathyroid gla

4、nds,Parathyroid hormone or parathormone 甲状旁腺激素,Hormones secreted by adrenal glands (I),Corticosteroids = adrenocortical hormones 肾上腺皮质激素 Mineralocorticoids 矿质(肾上腺)皮质激素 Aldosterone 醛固酮 Glucocorticoids 糖皮质激素 Cortisol 考的松,皮质醇 corticosterone 肾上腺酮; 皮质脂酮 Sex hormones Androgen Estrogen,Hormones secreted by

5、 adrenal glands (II),adrenal medullary hormone Catecholamines 儿茶酚胺 Epinephrine=adrenaline 肾上腺素 norepinephrine 去甲肾上腺素,Hormones secreted by pancreas,Glucagon 胰高血糖素(alpha cells) Insulin (beta cells),Other endocrine glands,What hormone has this function?,Regulating the biological clock of the body,melat

6、onin,What hormone has this function?,Regulating the activities of several other endocrine glands such as thyroid, adrenals, reproductive glands,Anterior pituitary hormones,What hormone has this function?,regulating the rate of metabolism,Thyroxine Parathormone corticosteroids,What hormone has this f

7、unction?,Decreasing the concentration of calcium in the blood,calcitonin 降血钙素,What hormone has this function?,Decreasing the concentration of glucose in the blood,insulin,What hormone has this function?,Regulating the development of secondary sex characteristics,Androgen Estrogen,Which endocrine gla

8、nd is responsible for?,Diabetes insipidus 尿崩症 Addisons disease Dwarfism Pheochromocytoma嗜铬细胞瘤 Diabetes myxedema黏液腺瘤 virilism男性化 hypercalcemia高钙血症,Pituitary gland Adrenal gland Pituitary gland Adrenal gland Pancreas Thyroid gland Gonads Parathyroid glands,Tests for endocrine system,RAIU放射性碘摄取 Radioac

9、tive iodine uptake test ITT胰岛素耐量试验 insulin tolerance test TBG甲状腺素结合球蛋白 Thyroxine-binding globulin ACTH test促肾上腺皮质激素试验 LH test促黄体激素试验 Luteinizing hormone test Aldosterone and renin test醛固酮肾素试验,Translate the following case presentation into Chinese,A 47-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital beca

10、use of recurrent hypercalcemia. The patient had been admitted 14 years earlier because of hyperparathyroidism, with an increased level of calcium (12.3 mg per deciliter 3.1 mmol per liter), markedly increased levels of alkaline phosphatase and parathyroid hormone (293 pg per milliliter; normal range

11、, 10 to 60), and a low phosphorus level (1.8 mg per deciliter 0.58 mmol per liter). Physical examination revealed a nodule in the left lower pole of the thyroid gland.,Translate the following case presentation into Chinese,A 64-year-old man was admitted to the hospital because of hyperadrenocorticis

12、m. The patient had a history of angina pectoris and had undergone five-vessel coronary-artery bypass surgery nine years before admission. He had long-standing heartburn, and for two years had had intermittent upper abdominal pain that responded to ranitidine. The results of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were normal. Six months before admission, he began to bruise easily; weakness, emotional lability, moon facies, and peripheral edema developed; and his weight increased by 5 kg. Three months before admission, a tremor developed in his hands. One month later, bouts of