2012高考英语 Unit3《A taste of English humour》知识与要点课件 新人教版必修

1、,1content n内容，题材；容量，目录(pl.)；满足(意) adj.满足的，高兴的(一般不用作定语)；甘愿的 vt.使满足 归纳拓展 (1)be content to do sth.be willing to do sth.be ready to do sth.愿意做某事(不能用contented替换) be content that满意 feel/be content with.(feel/be satisfied with)对感到满意/满足,(2)content sb./oneself with sth.使满足于某事 (3)with content满足(意)地 to ones he

2、arts content尽情地，心满意足地 (4)contented adj.满足的，满意的(可作定语) the contented people满足的人们 a contented smile满足的微笑 注意：content用作形容词充当表语，表示“非常满意”时，只能说be well content，不能说be very content。,He is always content with a little book knowledge only. 他总是满足于仅有的一点书本知识。 After graduation，he is content to work as a teacher. 毕业后

3、，他很乐意当老师。 We should never content ourselves with such a small success. 我们永远不要仅仅满足于这样的小成就。 We can swim in the river to our hearts content. 我们可以在河里尽情地游泳。,同类辨析 content与contented 这两个词都有“满意的，满足的”之意。 (1)content表示“甘心的，甘愿的”，多用作表语、后置定语或状语，后面可接不定式。 (2)contented 指安于现状，别无他求，有“知足”的意思，一般作前置定语或表语。,【链接训练】 Neither t

4、he teacher nor the students are _ with the result of the experiment. Acontent Bcontented Ccontenting Dsatisfying 【解析】be content with.be satisfied with.。句意为：老师和学生都对这个实验结果不满意。 【答案】A,That rich woman is tired of city life，so she is _ to live in the country. Aafraid Bunwilling Ccontent Dtiring 【解析】be con

5、tent to do sth.“愿意做某事”。句意为：那个贵妇人厌倦了城市生活，因此她乐意到乡村去居住。 【答案】C,2entertain vt.&vi.使快乐；款待，招待 归纳拓展 (1)entertain sb.to sth.用宴客/招待/款待某人(尤指在自己家中) entertain sb.with sth.sb.be entertained with sth.用使某人快乐 entertain sb.as.把某人当招待 (2)entertainment n娱乐活动；款待，招待 find entertainment in以为乐 give an entertainment to sb.招待某

6、人 give a farewell entertainment to sb.为某人举行欢送会 (3)entertaining adj.愉快的，有趣的，引人发笑的 entertainer n款待者；表演娱乐节目的人,Bob and Lily entertained us to dinner last night. 昨晚鲍勃和莉莉设宴招待了我们。 He entertained us for hours with his stories and jokes. 他给我们讲故事、说笑话，让我们高兴了好几个小时。 This law applies to theatres，cinemas and other

7、 places of public entertainment. 此项法律适用于剧院、电影院和其他公共娱乐场所。 She was always so funny and entertaining. 她总是那么风趣，让人愉快。,【链接训练】 He often listens to the music in his spare time to _ himself. AentertainBencourage CeducateDedit 【解析】entertain“娱乐”；encourage“鼓励”；educate“教育”；edit“编辑”。entertain oneself“自娱自乐”，符合题意。

8、【答案】A,_ consists of performances of plays and films and activities such as reading and watching TV that give people pleasure. AEntertain BTo entertain CEntertaining DEntertainment 【解析】entertainment 是名词，意为“招待，款待，娱乐，消遣”，在此意为“娱乐”。句意为：娱乐活动包括表演、电影及其他一些像读书、看电影等带给人们愉悦的活动。 【答案】D,3convince vt. 使确信；使信服 归纳拓展 (

9、1)convince sb.of sth./that使某人相信某事 convince sb.to do sth.说服某人做某事 归纳拓展 (2)convinced adj. 坚定不移的；确信的 be convinced of sth./that确信 (3)convincing adj. 令人信服的；有说服力的 a convincing victory/win大比分获胜,I convinced him of her honesty. I convinced him that she was honest. 我使他相信她是诚实的。 He has been trying to convince he

10、r to see a doctor. 他一直试着劝她去看医生。 I am convinced that he is telling the truth. 我确信他讲的是事实。 We were convinced of the truth of the report. 我们确信这个报告的真实性。 There is now convincing evidence that smoking causes lung cancer.现在有令人信服的证据说吸烟能导致肺癌。,同类辨析 convince与persuade convince和persuade都有“说服”之意，都可用于convince/persu

11、ade sb.of sth.和convince/persuade sb.that.结构。但convince表示用事实或道理等说服某人相信或做某事；而persuade则表示用劝说的方法使人愿意采纳意见或采取行动，侧重以情感人。 I tried to convince them of his innocence. 我试图使他们相信他是无辜的。 I finally persuaded him to go to college. 我终于说服他去上大学。,【链接训练】 The couple tried every effort to _ the judges who tried the case of

12、their innocence，resulting in the contrary. Aprove Bcharge Cconvince Dconfirm 【解析】句意为：那对夫妇尽力使审讯那宗案件的法官相信他们是清白的，但结果正相反。prove“证明”；charge sb. with.“指控某人”；convince sb. of sth.“使某人相信”；confirm sth.“证实”。由句意及convince sb. of sth.的搭配可知正确答案为C项。 【答案】C,(2)direction n方向；方位；指导；指挥 in the direction of.朝方向 under the d

13、irection of.在指导下 in all directionsin every direction朝四面八方 Was what he said directed at me? 他说的话是冲我来的吗？ Can you direct me to the post office? 请问到邮局怎么走？ A policeman stood in the middle of the street，directing the traffic.一名交警站在路中央指挥交通。,(2)direct作副词时，多表示具体的路径，意为“径直地，直接地”； directly作副词时，表示抽象意义，意为“直接地”。也可

14、作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“一就”。 It costs more to fly direct to HongKong. 直飞香港的航班票价要高些。 Directly the teacher came in，everyone was quiet. 老师一进来，大家都静了下来。,【链接训练】 The airline doesnt go _ to America.It goes by way of Japan. AdirectlyBdirect CdirectionDimmediately 【解析】direct作副词，意为“径直地，直接地”多指路径；directly“直接地”多表示抽象意义。句意

15、为：飞机不直飞美国，要经过日本。 【答案】B,5whisper n& v耳语；私语；谣传；密谈；低声说 归纳拓展 (1)whisper to sb.与耳语，向某人小声说 whisper sth.in ones ear 附在某人耳朵上说 It is/was whispered that.据秘密传言 (2)in a whisper/whispers 低声地 give sb.the whisper对某人耳语，给某人以暗示,He whispered to her so that no one else would hear. 他对她耳语，以避免让别人听到。 It is whispered that h

16、is business is falling. 据传言他的公司要倒闭。 They sat at the back of the room，talking in whispers. 他们坐在房间的后面低声谈话。,【链接训练】 She had to _ to her husband so that she would not wake the baby. Ashout Bspeak Cwhisper Dtalk 【解析】句意为：为了不弄醒婴儿，她不得不和丈夫耳语。whisper to sb.“与耳语，向某人小声说”。 【答案】C,6react vi.作出反应，回应 归纳拓展 (1)react to

17、对作出反应 react on/upon对有影响，作用于 react against反对；反抗 react with sth.react together 和某物起化学反应 (2)reaction n. 反应；回应 chain reaction连锁反应,Iron reacts with water and air to produce rust. 铁和水及空气发生反应产生铁锈。 Will the people ever react against this dictator? 有朝一日人民会起来反抗这位独裁者吗？ How did she react to your answer? 对你的回答她如

18、何反应？ Your praise will react on your students. 你的表扬会影响到你的学生。 What was his reaction to the news? 他对这消息的反应如何？,【链接训练】 The football player reacted _ the judges decision by withdrawing from the match. Aon Bto Cagainst Dby 【解析】考查react与不同介词搭配的不同意义。句意为：这名球员以退出比赛来反抗裁判的裁决。react against“反对，反抗”，符合题意。 【答案】C,用介词to

19、/with/against完成句子 Plants react _ light. Certain acids react _ metals to cause chemical changes. They reacted strongly _ the unreasonable rules. 【答案】towithagainst,1badly off 穷的；缺乏的；境况不好的 归纳拓展 (1)be badly off for sth.某物短缺、不够(相当于 be short of/lack of) be well off 富裕的；处境好的 be well off for sth.某一方面充裕 be b

20、etter off境况较好 be worse off更穷；境况更糟,(2)worse and worse越来越坏；每况愈下 go from bad to worse越来越坏，每况愈下 to make matters worse(and)what is worse而更糟糕的是 I have got quite a big room so Im not too badly off. 我有一间蛮大的屋子，所以住得还不算太差。 I went to his home and found his living conditions were worse off than mine. 我到他家一看，发现他的

21、生活条件比我的还差。 The school is rather badly off for equipment. 这所学校相当缺乏设备。 To make matters worse/Whats worse, it began to rain while we were marching. 使事情更糟的是，在我们行进过程中，天下起了雨。,【链接训练】 How are the things in your village? Modern farming methods have been brought in and the villagers are _ now than before. Awe

22、ll off Bbetter off Cbadly off Dworse off 【解析】be well off “富裕”；其比较级be better off“境况较好”；be badly off “贫困”；其比较级be worse off“比以前更穷”，根据句意可知村民的生活比以前“更富裕了”，所以用be well off的比较级be better off。 【答案】B,Mary，Toms father has just lost his job. Im sorry to hear that.You mean he is much _ now. Abadly off Bbest off Cw

23、orse off Dbetter off 【解析】由句意可知应选“境况差的”，又much常用来修饰比较级，而badly off的比较级是worse off，故选C。 【答案】C,2pick out挑出；辨别出 归纳拓展 pick up捡起，拾起；用车搭载(人、货物)；(偶然地、无意地)获得(知识、消息等)；学会(语言)；改善，好转；接收(信号等) pick up with sb.结识某人 pick on/upon给(某人)找(别扭)；挑剔 pick and choose挑三拣四,She was picked out from dozens of applicants for the job.

24、她从大批的求职者当中被选出来担任这项工作。 See if you can pick me out in this photo. 看你能不能把我从这张照片中认出来。 She was picked on by the other girls because of her size. 她因为个头关系被其他女孩欺负。 The bus picks up passengers outside the airport. 公共汽车在机场外接乘客。 Sales have picked up 14% this year. 今年销售额增长了14%。,【链接训练】 How could you _ my sister

25、so easily in the crowd? Because she stood out in her red dress. Apick up Bpick out Ctake up Dtake out 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。pick up“捡起”；pick out“挑出，辨认出”；take up“拿起，开始从事”；take out“拿出来”。句意为：你在人群中如何很容易辨认出我妹妹来？因为她穿着红裙子很显眼。根据句意可知答案为B。 【答案】B,Bad habits are easily _ while good ones are hard to develop. Akept up Bca

26、ught up Cdrawn up Dpicked up 【解析】keep up“保持”；catch up(with.)“追上”；draw up“接近”；pick up“养成”。句意为：坏习惯易养成而好习惯却很难。 【答案】D,3cut off 切断(水、电、煤气等)供应；切掉，剪下；(突然)中断；断离(常跟from) 归纳拓展 cut across 抄近路穿过；径直穿过 cut away 切掉，剪掉；逃走，跑开 cut down 砍倒；(疾病等)夺去生命；削减，缩短；毁灭，破坏 cut in 插嘴；突然插入；超车 cut into halves/pieces 切成两半/碎块 cut out

27、切掉；删掉；割掉；省略 cut up 切碎，切掉；使丧气，使痛心,She cut off a big piece of beef from the steak. 她从牛排上切下一大块肉来。 The countrys economy would collapse if oil supplies were cut off.如果石油供应中断的话，该国的经济会崩溃。 I usually cut across the park on my way home. 我常抄近路回家，从公园里面走。 They cut away all the dead branches from the tree. 他们把这棵树

28、上的枯枝全都砍掉了。,【链接训练】 I was speaking to Ann on the phone when suddenly we were _. Ahung up Bhung back Ccut down Dcut off 【解析】cut sb.off “中断(电话通话)”。句意为：我正在与安通电话，突然我们被中断了。hang up “挂起，挂断(电话)”，hang back“犹豫，畏缩”；cut down “砍倒，削减”，三者均与句意不符。 【答案】D,He was in hospital for six months.He felt as if he was _ from the

29、 outside world. Acut out Bcut off Ccut up Dcut through 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。cut off “切断，剥夺”；cut out “删除，剪下”；cut up “切碎”；cut through “刺穿；抄近路”。句意为：他住院六个月，感觉好像与外界隔绝了。根据题意可知答案为B。 【答案】B,4Charlie first picks out the laces and eats them as if they were spaghetti. 卓别林首先挑出鞋带来吃，像是吃意大利面条一样。 as if(as though)意为“似乎是，好像是”

30、，引导方式状语从句。表示与当时状况不相符的情况，故使用的是虚拟语气。 归纳拓展 (1)在look，seem，sound等系动词后引导表语从句。 (2)可引导方式状语从句。 (3)as if还可用于省略句中。如果as if引导的从句是“主语系动词”结构，可省略主语和系动词，这样as if后就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词(短语)、介词短语或分词。,(4)as if从句的语气及时态 as if从句用陈述语气的情况 当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时，从句用陈述语气。 as if从句用虚拟语气的情况 当说话者认为句子所述的是不真实的或极不可能发生或存在的情况时，从句用虚拟语气，其

31、形式如下： a如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。 b如果从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用had过去分词。 c如果从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用would/could/might动词原形。,It sounds as though you had a good time. 听起来你好像过得挺愉快。 He talked about Hong Kong as if he had been there before.他说起香港时好像他以前去过似的。 He opened his lips as if to say something. 他张开嘴好像要说什么。 Its my birth

32、day today.As if you didnt know! 今天是我的生日，你好像不知道似的！ It seems as if he has lost something. 他好像丢了什么东西。,【链接训练】 He stopped and looked back as if _ whether he was followed. AseeingBhaving seen Cto have seenDto see 【解析】as if可用于省略句中，如果as if引导的从句是“主语系动词”结构，可省略主语和系动词。此处用动词不定式表示目的。to have seen 时态不合适。 【答案】D,动词的i

33、ng形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语 动词的ing形式是动词的一种非谓语形式，由动词原形加ing构成，包括现在分词和动名词。可以在句中用作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语和定语。下面来看一下动词的ing形式在句中作表语、定语和宾语补足语的用法。 一、动词 ing 形式作表语 1动名词作表语时句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或 what 引导的名词性从句。作表语的动名词与主语通常是对等的关系，表示主语的内容，主语和表语的位置可互换。,The task of this class is practising the idioms. 这节课的任务是练习这些习惯用语。 His job is teach

34、ing English. 他的工作是教英语。 2现在分词作表语表示主语的某种性质或状态。 What you said is really inspiring. 你所说的真鼓舞人心。 The situation is quite encouraging. 形势很令人鼓舞。,二、动词ing 形式作定语 现在分词及其短语可以在句中作定语，其作用相当于一个定语从句，其动作和谓语动作同时发生，与其修饰词之间是主动关系，也就是说现在分词的动作就是它修饰的那个词的动作。 1现在分词作定语的位置 现在分词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的名词前面，现在分词短语作定语通常放在它所修饰的名词后面，可以转换成定语从句。 如

35、果现在分词修饰由some/any/nothing/body/one所构成的不定代词或指示代词those时，分词放在这些被修饰词的后面。,注意：动词ing形式的动名词也可作定语，它表示“用作的”，强调用途与目的，而现在分词作定语强调的是动作。 a waiting room(a room for waiting)候诊室，候车室 a sleeping child(a child who is sleeping) 熟睡的孩子 She went on board the train leaving for Shanghai. She went on board the train which was l

36、eaving for Shanghai.她乘坐去上海的火车。,2现在分词作定语时与谓语动词的时间关系 现在分词表示主动和进行，因此用现在分词作定语时，其表示的动作是与谓语动作同时或基本同时发生的。 The boy standing by the gate is Tom. 站在门口的男孩子是汤姆。 3如果一个及物动词的现在分词作定语，既要表达进行，又要表达被动，则用现在分词的被动语态。 The meeting being held is very important. 正在召开的会议很重要。,三、动词ing形式作宾语补足语 现在分词作宾补，强调动作正在进行。v.ing 形式主要用于下列几类动词中，后接宾语然后加上动词ing，构成复合宾语结构，由其充当宾语补足语。 1表示感觉和心理状态的动词，如 see，hear，feel，smell，watch，find，notice，observe，listen to，look at等。 I heard Mr.Smith singing in the next door. 我听到史密斯先生在隔壁唱歌。 I felt someone patting me on the shoulder. 我感到有人拍了拍我的肩膀。,2表示“指使”等意义的使役动词，如 have，let，keep，get，leave 等。