unit 1 Fighting with the Forces of Nature

1、Introduction,Northeast Style,Northeast Style,Northeast Style,Evaluation,attendance 10% homework and quiz10% midterm exam 10% performance and participation10% online autonomous learning 10% final examination 50%,Rules and Requirements,find a fixed seat A: attendance 出勤 P：politeness 礼貌 P：participation

2、 参与 P: practice 练习,Learning Resources,Websites: TV series: too much ICS: International Channel Shanghai Dont forget to prepare for your CET-4.,No water can amaze you after you have been to the Pacific Ocean.,Fighting with the Forces of Nature,Unit One,Cold Winter in Russia,from Sep.to May -43 degree

3、 Centigrade in winter around 20 degree Centigrade in summer,Cold Winter in Russia,Cold Winter in Russia,Cold-resistant Capacity,Hitler,20 April 1889 30 April 1945 German politician and the leader of the Nazi Party.Hitler was at the centre of Nazi Germany, World War II in Europe, and the Holocaust.,N

4、apoleon,15 August 1769 5 May 1821 Emperor of the French from 1804 to 1814 and again in 1815 too ambitious: the emperor of the whole Europe,D R _ word _ launch 2,Collocation:,launch an attack,发动进攻,launch a massive campaign,发动一场大规模的运动,launch a company,开一家公司,launch threats at sb.,向某人发出威胁,launch into,（积

5、极有力地）开始,launch out,（精力充沛或戏剧性地）开始,He launched into a long speech about the danger of taking drugs.,他开始作关于吸毒危险性的长篇演说。,She wants to be more than a singer and is launching out into films.,她不仅仅是想当一名歌手，而且正在积极涉足电影界。,D R _ word _ engage1,The commander ordered the soldiers to engage the enemy immediately.,他们

6、与敌人交战。,They engaged the enemy.,engage: vt.,1) begin fighting with sb.,2) draw into; involve,We tried to engage him in our conversation, but in vain.,3) attract sb.s interest,We failed to engage any active support for our project.,他善良的性情吸引每个人。,His good nature engages everyone.,D R _ word _ engage2,St

7、udying engages most of a serious students time.,工作占去她很多时间。,Work engages much of her time.,4) occupy,Pattern：,engage (sb.) in sth.: (cause to) take part in sth.,They are currently engaged in lengthy trade negotiations.,The teacher tried to engage the shy boy in conversation.,Collocation:,engage as,使聘

8、为,engage in,从事；使参加,engage with,与啮合,D R _ word _ render,render: vt. cause (sb./sth.) to be in a specified condition (same as make),The drug will render the tiger harmless for up to two hours.,He was rendered unconscious by a blow on the back of the neck.,地震导致成百上千的人无家可归。,Hundreds of people were render

9、ed homeless by the earthquake.,Collocation:,render into,译成(某种语言),render up,做(祷告); 放弃, 交出,render blow for blow,以牙还牙,render good for evil,以德报怨,D R _ word _ toll 1,The death toll rose from 270 in 1952 to 5,000 in1954.,toll:,1. n.,the number of people or animals killed or injured in particular circumsta

10、nces,2) money paid for the use of a bridge, road, etc.,Each car must pay a toll to cross the bridge.,Collocation:,charge/exact/impose a toll,征收（道路、桥梁等的）通行费,levy toll on sb.,向某人收费（或征税）,war toll,战争伤亡人数,D R _ word _ toll 2,这次地震给几个村庄造成重大损失。,The earthquake took a heavy toll on several villages.,take a he

11、avy toll,造成重大伤亡（或损失）,Collocation:,take a/its toll,造成损失（或危害、伤亡等）,洪水造成三百万人死亡。,The flood took a toll of 3,000,000 lives.,2. v. sound (a large bell) slowly at regular intervals,Bells were tolled all over the country at the Presidents death.,A R _ Useful Expressions 1,Useful Expressions,1. 骄兵必败,pride com

12、es before a fall,2. 战无不胜,nothing could stand in their way,3. 奋勇抵抗,fierce resistance,4. 阴冷凄苦的俄罗斯寒冬,a raw, bitter, bleak Russian winter,5. 堪称无敌,make ends meet,6.向发动进攻,launch an attack against,A R _ Useful Expressions 2,7. 痛苦的教训,a painful lesson,8. 速决速胜,a quick, decisive victory,9. 让某人吃惊的是,to sb.s surp

13、rise,10. 面临着一个重要抉择,be faced with a crucial decision,11. 孤注一掷,take the gamble,12. 激战,fierce battle,13.向提出停战,offer a truce to,A R _ Useful Expressions 3,14. 等待时机,bide ones time,15. 成为一场噩梦,turn into a nightmare,16. 拖着脚步行进,drag on,17. 溃不成军的幸存者,the tattered survivors,18. 不宣而战,without a declaration of war

14、,19. 闪电式战略,lightning war,20. “焦土”政策,“scorch the earth”,A R _ Useful Expressions 4,21. 处境变得危急,the situation becomes desperate,22. 食品匮乏,food runs out,23. 死于饥饿与疾病,die from hunger and disease,24. 食品和补给的匮乏,a lack of food and supplies,Text Analysis,Part One: 1-2 an introduction Part Two: 3-11 Napoleons in

15、vision to Russia Part Three: 12-20 Hitlers invision to Russia Part Four: 21 Conclusion,Text Analysis,1.What does the Icy Defender refer to? It refers to the raw, bitter, bleak Russian winter. 2.What did Napoleon expect when he assembled his army to attack Russia? He expected the conquest of Russia i

16、n five years.,Text Analysis,3. What did the Russians do in the face of Napoleons offensive? What strategy did the Russians adopt? Intead of fighting, they retreated eastward, buring their crops and homes as they went. They let the Russian winter fight the war for them while they bided their time.,Te

17、xt Analysis,4. What did Napoleon discover after he occupied Moscow? Napoleon discovered that the occupation of the city was an empty victory because the Russians fled their capital leaving him almost nothing at all.,Text Analysis,5. What happened to Napoleons army when it was retreating from Moscow?

18、 They suffered heavy losses as a result of the extreme cold and the Russians hit and run attacks. 6. What did Napoleon do when Paris was captured? Napoleon abdicated and went into exile.,Text Analysis,7. When did Hitler begin his invision of the Soviet Union? What tactics did he use? How long did he

19、 expect the campaign to last? Hitler began his invasion of the Soviet Union on June 22, 1941 without a declaration of war. He expected the campaign to last no longer than three months by using the so-called lightening war tactics.,Text Analysis,8. Was Stalin prepared for Hitlers attack? What did he

20、do in the face of the German invision? No, he wasnt. He instructed the Russian people to scorch the earth in front of the German invaders.,Text Analysis,9. How did the people of Leningrad respond to the German attack? They refuse to surrender and put up a heroic, stiff resistance. 10. What slowed do

21、wn the German advance on Moscow? An early, severe, old winter slowed down the German advance on Moscow.,Text Analysis,11. What was the significance of the battle of Stalingrad? It turned the tide against Hitler. The German victories were over. 12. What conclusion does the author draw from Napoleons

22、and Hitlers military campaigns? The element of nature must be reckoned with in any military campaign.,G R _ 2_4,Strength of invading force,Starting time of invasion,Start of war,Country invaded,Invading country,A Comparison-and-Contrast Analysis of the Two Invasions,Text Analysis,France,Germany,Sovi

23、et Union,Russia,Napoleon,Hitler,Spring, 1812,6/22/1941,600,000,the largest land campaign in history,Prediction,quick victory, conquest of Russia in 5 weeks,Blitzkrieg (lightning war), lasting no longer than 3 months,G R _ 2_4,Text Analysis,Truce offer,Major battles,Capture of the Russian capital,Initi