限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别课件

1、The Differences between the Restrictive and Non-restrictive Attributive Clause,定语从句和非限制性定语从句区别,1,学习交流PPT,区别一：形式上不同 限定性定语从句主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开，口语中使用时也不停顿；而非限定性定语从句与主句之间通常有逗号隔开，口语中使用时有停顿。,2,学习交流PPT,区别二：功能不同（最重要的区别） 限定性定语从句用于对先行词的意义进行限制和识别，如果去掉，就会造成句意不完整或概念不清； 而非限定性定语从句用于对先行词起补充说明作用，如果省略，句意仍然清楚、完整。 People wh

2、o take physical exercise live longer. 进行体育锻炼的人活得长些。(若把从句去掉句子就失去意义) His daughter, who is in Boston now, is coming home next week. 他女儿现在在波士顿，下星期回来。(若把从句去句子意义仍然完整),3,学习交流PPT,Discuss the difference,His brother, who is eighteen years old, is a PLA man. His brother who is eighteen years old is a PLA man.

3、区别：A句：他的哥哥是个解放军战士，现今十八岁。(说明他只有一个哥哥) B句：他那个十八岁的哥哥是位解放军。(说明他还有别的哥哥),4,学习交流PPT,All the books there, which have beautiful pictures in them, were written by him. 那里所有的书都是他写的, 书里附有漂亮的插图。(说明那里没有除他以外的人写的书) All the books there which have beautiful pictures in them were written by him. 那里所有附插图的书都是他写的。(暗示没有附插图

4、的书不是他写的),5,学习交流PPT,区别三：翻译不同 在翻译定语从句时，一般把限定性定语从句翻译在它所修饰的先行词之前，而把非限定性定语从句与主句分开。如： He is the man whose car was stolen. 他就是汽车被窃的那个人。 Ive invited Jim, who lives in the next flat. 我邀请了吉姆，他就住在隔壁。,6,学习交流PPT,区别四：先行词不同 限定性定语从句的先行词只能是名词或代词， 而非限定性定语从句的先行词则可以是名词或代词，也可以是短语或句子；如： I know nothing that happened last

5、night. 昨天晚上所发生的事情，我一点也不知道。(修饰前面的nothing) He has made great progress, which made us happy. 他进步了，这使我们大家都很高兴。(说明前面句子的整个内容),7,学习交流PPT,另外，当先行词为专有名词或其他具有独一无二性的普通名词时，通常要用非限制性定语从句，而不用限制性定语从句。,8,学习交流PPT,区别五：关系词不同 关系词that和why可用于限制性定语从句中，通常不用于非限制性定语从句；另外，在限制性定语从句中，关系词有时可以省略(如引导词作宾语，the way做先行词)，而在非限制性定语从句中关系词一

6、律不省略。,9,学习交流PPT,10,学习交流PPT,Practice A,请区分出下列句子哪些是限制性定语从句，那些是非限制性定语从句： The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on. His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him. China is a country which has a long history. China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and

7、more powerful.,11,学习交流PPT,Exercises A,1、All_ is useful to us is good.,A、which B、what C、that D、whether,C,解析： 定语从句中的先 行词为all, none等词时， 关系代词必须用that,而 不是which. 故选C。,12,学习交流PPT,2、Is this factory _ we visited last week.,A、where B、that C、which D、the one,D,解析： this factory容易被学生错 误地混为先行词，其实这是This factory是句子的

8、主语而不是先行 词。所以选择D.The one 中的one 指代的是factory,作定语从句的 先行词。,13,学习交流PPT,3、She will never forget the day_ she spent in Beijing.,A、when B、what C、which D、why,C,解析：the day是定语从句的先行词，she spent in Beijing中的动词spent是个及物动词，后接宾语，the day 作动词spent的宾语。因此选C.,14,学习交流PPT,4、This is the school _ my father worked 20 years ago

9、.,A、that B、when C、which D、where,D,解析：题中的the school是定语从句的先行词。in +which= where , 因此选D. 试比较： This school is _ my father worked 20 years ago. where B. the one where C. that D. the one which,B,15,学习交流PPT,5、This is the factory_we visited last year.,A、that B、 in which C、what D、the one,A,解析：the factory是定语从句

10、的先行词, 用作宾语；从句we visited last year中visit是个及物动词，后接宾语，因此选A.,16,学习交流PPT,6、The text is one of the most interesting stories_learnt in the past three days.,A、that have B、that have been C、which has D、which has been,B,解析：stories是定语从句的先行词, 同时stories被最高级所修饰，因此选B.,17,学习交流PPT,1、The college wont take anyone _ eye

11、sight is weak.,A、who B、whose C、of whom D、which,B,Exercises B,18,学习交流PPT,2、Let me think of a proper situation _ this sentence can be used.,A、where B、that C、of whom D、which,A,19,学习交流PPT,3、The man _ you are talking is in the next room.,A、to whom B、about whom C、about who D、whom,B,20,学习交流PPT,4、I dont lik

12、e the way _ he spoke to me.,A、by that B、what C、by which D、/,D,21,学习交流PPT,4、I，_ you good friend, will try my best to help you out.,A、who is B、what is C、what am D、who am,D,22,学习交流PPT,5、This is the only thing _ I can do now.,A、what B、which C、that D、all,C,23,学习交流PPT,6、Those _ to take part in the game wr

13、ite down your names.,A、who B、who want C、what wants D、want,B,24,学习交流PPT,7、His walking stick, _ he cant walk, was lost yesterday.,A、that B、with which C、which D、without which,D,25,学习交流PPT,8、They have decided to finish their work, _, I think is a wise choice.,A、that B、what C、which D、whether,C,26,学习交流PPT

14、,9、This is the reason _ he told me.,A、that B、why C、on which D、for that,A,27,学习交流PPT,10、This is the last factory _ he used to work at, many workers of _ still have a good relationship with him.,A、that; it B、which; whom C、that; which D、which; that,C,28,学习交流PPT,1.(限) Here are the farmers who discovered

15、 the underground city last month. 2.(非) Hangzhou is a famous city, where many people come to buy tea./ Hangzhou,where many people come to buy tea, is a famous city. 3.(限) I dont know the reason why she got angry. 4.(限) The old man to whom you are talking saw some Germans 5.(限) The woman remembered the day when she saw,29,学习交流PPT,6.(非) St.Petersburg is a very beautiful city, which was once called Leninggrad. 7.(限) I remember the soldier who told me 8.(非) T