unit2 the freedom givers

1、Civil-rights Heroes,What is the African-American civil rights movement?,civil rights movement,is a term that encompasses the strategies, groups, andsocial movementsin the United States whose goals were to endracial segregation and discriminationagainstAfrican Americansand to secure legal recognition

2、 and federal protection of the citizenship rights enumerated in theConstitutionand federal law.,Discussion,Can you name some famous African-Americans? Why are they famous?,Barack Obama,Michael Jackson,Oprah Winfrey,Michael Jordan,Will Smith,Toni Morrison,Martin Luther King,An excerpt from “I Have a

3、Dream”,. I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: “We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal.” I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia, the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave owners

4、will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood.,I have a dream that one day even the state of Mississippi, a state sweltering with the heat of injustice, sweltering with the heat of oppression, will be transformed into an oasis of freedom and justice. I have a dream that my four littl

5、e children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character. I have a dream today! ,What is an underground railroad in the normal sense? 2. What is this underground railroad special for? 3. Can you imagine what this railroad

6、 was built for?,B R _ Text Prediction 1,Text Prediction,Read the introductory part of the text and think about the following questions.,In 2004 a center in honor of the “underground railroad” opens in Cincinnati. The railroad was unusual. It sold no tickets and had no trains. Yet it carried thousand

7、s of passengers to the destination of their dreams.,B R _ Text Prediction 2,4. What probably are the dreams of the passengers? 5. What probably is the destination of their dreams? 6. What is the text probably about?,Underground Railroad,The Underground Railroad was a system of safe houses, hiding pl

8、aces and a secret group of people who helped runaway slaves escape to freedom in Canada, Mexico and elsewhere outside the United States. It was a road to freedom. The slaves were called “passengers”, the people who helped them were “conductors”, and the safe houses along the way slaves hid were “sta

9、tions”.,Slaves on the Underground Railroad,B R _ Timeline of Slavery 1,Timeline of Slavery,1619 Slaves in Virginia Africans brought to Jamestown詹姆斯敦 are the first slaves imported into Britains North American colonies. 1705 Slaves as Property Describing slaves as real estate, Virginia lawmakers allow

10、ed owners to bequeath赠 their slaves. The same law allowed masters to “kill and destroy” runaways.,B R _ Timeline of Slavery 2,1775 American Revolution Began Battles at the Massachusetts towns of Lexington and Concord康科德 on April 19 sparked the war for American independence from Britain. 1776 Declara

11、tion of Independence The Continental Congress asserted “that these United Colonies are, and of Right ought to be Free and Independent States”.,B R _ Timeline of Slavery 3,1783 American Revolution EndedBritain and the infant United States signed the Peace of Paris treaty. 1808 United States Banned Sl

12、ave TradeImporting African slaves was outlawed, but smuggling continued. 1860 Abraham Lincoln ElectedAbraham Lincoln of Illinois became the first Republican to win the United States Presidency.,B R _ Timeline of Slavery 4,18611865 United States Civil WarFour years of brutal conflict claimed 623,000

13、lives. 1863 The Emancipation ProclamationPresident Abraham Lincoln decreed that all slaves in rebel territory were free on January 1, 1863. 1865 Slavery AbolishedThe 13th Amendment to the United States Constitution outlawed slavery.,B R _ The Underground Railroad 5,Para1,Why did Barbara Carter speak

14、 proudly of her great-great-grandfather? -Because she thougt her great-great-grandfather was a heroic civil-rights fighter and never gave up struggling for freedom.,D R _ word _ breeze 1,breeze: n.,a gentle wind,A gentle breeze blew over the garden.,凉爽清新的微风,a cool, refreshing breeze,hurricane 飓风 tor

15、nado 龙卷风 typhoon 台风,D R _ word _ slender 1,1. (of people) slim; not very wide but comparatively long or high,slender fingers,slender: adj.,2. (of things) slight; inadequate,有苗条身材的女子,a woman with a slender figure,a slender waist,渺茫的希望,slender hopes,a slender income,Uncle Toms Cabin, written by Harrie

16、t Beecher Stowe哈里耶特比彻斯托 , is one of the most famous and popular pieces of Civil War literature. Drawn from selected pieces of real life anecdotes, Uncle Toms Cabin was a book that drew many people into the fight over the institution of slavery. Northerners hailed (欢呼) the book, while southern slaveh

17、olders abhorred it.,B R _ Uncle Toms Cabin,Uncle Toms Cabin,D R _ word _ racial,relating to a persons race, or to different races of people,There is a serious racial conflict in that African country.,racial: adj.,他是种族歧视的受害者。,He was a victim of racial discrimination.,D R _ word _ stand up for,stand u

18、p for:,speak, work, etc. in favor of sb./sth.; support sb./sth,我所有的朋友都会支持我。,All my friends will stand up for me.,A soldier must stand up to the danger.,stand up to: to oppose fearlessly; to bear, to last,D R _ Sentence 1 _ Josiah Henson was ,Paraphrase the sentence.,Josiah Henson observed/followed m

19、oral principles.,Josiah Henson was a man of principle.,D R _ word _ principle 1,a rule or standard, especially of good behavior,principle: n.,I am a person of principle.,我们恪守人人都应受到公平对待的原则。,We adhere to the principle that everyone should be treated fairly.,D R _ word _ principle 2,Collocation：,违反原则,a

20、gainst ones principle,按照原则，根据原则,by principle,有原则的,of principle,坚持原则,adhere to ones principles,抛弃原则,abandon ones principles,D R _ Sentence 2 _ I had traveled ,1. Who was Moses?,In the Old Testament, Moses was the Hebrew prophet and lawgiver who led the Israelites out of Egypt.,I had traveled here to

21、Hensons last home now a historic site that Carter formerly directed to learn more about a man who was, in many ways, an African-American Moses.,2. Why was Henson called an African-American Moses?,Henson, a black who lived in America, helped other blacks escape from the US.,D R _ word _ historic 1,hi

22、storic: adj.,famous or important in history,a historic spot,两位领导人的具有历史意义的会见,a historic meeting between the two leaders,historic give authority to,I have authorized him to act for me during my absence.,主任允许我们在实验室工作。,The director authorized us to work in the laboratory.,D R _ word _ exploit 1,exploit:

23、,1. n. brave or adventurous deed or action,歌颂某人的功绩,sing sb.s exploits,他的战功使我感到惊异。,His military exploits amazed me.,D R _ word _ exploit 2,2. vt. employ to the greatest possible advantage,充分发挥某人的才能,exploit ones talents,利用自己的朋友,exploit ones friends,这家公司用长工时、低工资的方法来剥削工人。,The company exploited its worke

24、rs with long hours and low pay.,D R _ word _ be intent on doing sth.,He was intent on the job he was doing.,be intent on doing sth.:,be eager and determined to do sth.,他决心去法国继续深造。,He is intent on going to France to continue his studies.,Read para6-10，and try to retell the story of John Parker,John p

25、arker was born a _. having learned _ and worked hard, he bought his _. After that, he became a” _” who helped the slaves to escape. Once, when Parker was leading a group of escaped slaves, a watchman _them and _the news. Parker led most of the men toward safety but had to _ several men behind. In al

26、l his life, Parker helped more than _ slaves to escape .,D R _ word _ peer 1,peer: vi.,She peered at him closely, as if not believing it could really be him.,look closely or carefully, esp. as if unable to see well (followed by at/through/into, etc.),She peered through the mist, trying to find the r

27、ight path.,D R _ Sentence 5 _ Eventually he saved ,Translate the sentence into Chinese.,后来他终于靠这门手艺攒够钱赎回了自由。,Eventually he saved enough money working at this trade on the side to buy his freedom.,D R _ word _ on the side,on the side:,He is a teacher, but he makes a little money on the side by repairi

28、ng cars in his free time.,as an additional job or source of income; secretly,他虽有妻室，但暗地里还有一个女朋友。,Hes married but he has a girlfriend on the side.,conduct,1. He conducted the members of the audience to their seats. 他引观众到他们的座位上。 2. They hired agents to conduct their affairs. 他们雇请代理人来处理他们的事务。 3. code of

29、 conduct 4. Mr. Green will conduct the orchestra. 格林先生将指挥这支管弦乐队。 5.Most metals conduct electricity. 大多数金属能导电。,D R _ Sentence 5 _ Eventually he saved ,Paraphrase the sentence.,In Kentucky, where he was now headed, there was a $1000 reward for his capture, dead or alive.,In Kentucky, anyone who captur

30、ed him, no matter he was dead or alive, would be rewarded $1000 and now he was going to Kentucky.,D R _ word _ capture,capture:,He was released yesterday, six months after his capture by the terrorists.,1. n. the act of taking by force or of being taken by force,2. v. take (a person or animal) as a

31、prisoner,King Arthur himself captures the beast and cuts off its head.,D R _ word _ close in (on/around),close in (on/around):,The people were trapped when the enemy army began to close in on them.,come near to, esp. in order to attack from several directions; surround,Night is closing in.,D R _ wor

32、d _ religious,religious: adj.,of religion,a religious group,宗教团体,宗教仪式,a religious service,D R _ word _ conviction,conviction: n.,She expressed her firm conviction that television was harmful to children.,她坚信她是对的。,She had a firm conviction that she was right.,firm opinion or belief,Collocation：,终身的信仰

33、,a lifelong conviction,政治信念,political conviction,增强/加深某人的信念,strengthen/deepen ones conviction that ,D R _ Sentence 8 _ The others made ,What is a Quaker?,Levi Coffin, a Quaker raised in North Carolina,A Quaker is any member of the Society of Friends, a religious group established in England in the 1

34、650s by George Fox. They were originally called Quakers because members were thought to “quake” or shake with religious excitement. Quakers worship Christ without any formal ceremony or fixed beliefs, and their meetings often involve silent thought or prayer. They are strongly opposed to violence an

35、d war, and are active in education and charity work.,Arch of Triumph,Grand Central Terminal,D R _ word _ impose,impose: vt.,1. place (a penalty, tax, etc.) officially on sb./sth.,New duties were imposed on wines and spirits.,征收进口税,impose a tax on imports,2. try to make sb. accept (an opinion or a be

36、lief),Parents usually impose their own ideas on their children.,D R _ word _ transport,transport: vt.,take sth./sb. from one place to another in a vehicle,It took all day to transport the furniture to the new apartment.,The goods were transported by train.,公共汽车把我们从机场送到城市。,A bus transported us from t

37、he airport to the city.,D R _ word _ disguise,disguise: vt.,give sb./sth. a false appearance,He disguised himself as a woman.,这一事实是无法隐瞒的。,It is impossible to disguise the fact.,D R _ word _ abolish,abolish: vt.,end the existence of (a law, custom, system, etc.),The death penalty is to be abolished b

38、efore the end of this year.,废除奴隶制,abolish slavery,坏的风俗应当废除。,Bad customs should be abolished.,D R _ Sentence 9 _ Making the best ,1. What does lot mean in this sentence?,Making the best of his lot, Henson worked diligently and rose far in his owners regard.,Lot means “ones fortune in life, fate”.,2.

39、Paraphrase “rose far in his owners regard”.,He was regarded highly by his owner.,D R _ word _ compel,compel: vt.,make (sb.) do sth.; force,大雨迫使我们呆在屋内。,The heavy rain compelled us to stay indoors.,Collocation：,强迫某人做某事,compel sb. to do sth.,不得不（做）,be compelled to (do),D R _ word _ at risk,at risk:,thr

40、eatened by the possibility of loss, failure, etc.; in danger,The disease is spreading, and all children under five are at risk.,Collocation：,无论冒什么危险；无论如何,at all risks (=at any risk),冒之险；不顾之风险,at the risk of,D R _ word _ starve,starve: v.,(cause a person or an animal to) suffer severely or die from h

41、unger,starve to death,Whats for dinner? Im starving!,晚饭吃什么? 我饿死了!,starve for news,渴望消息,Shes lonely, and starving for companionship.,她很寂寞，渴望友谊。,D R _ word _ pass for,pass for:,appear like; be accepted or looked upon as (same as pass as),他被认为是个医生。,He passes for a doctor.,他被误认为是个有学问的人。,He passes for a

42、learned man.,G R _ Part Division of the Text,Part Division of the Text,Parts,Para(s),Main Ideas,1,15,It is high time to honor the heroes who helped liberate slaves by forging the Underground Railroad in the early civil-rights struggles in America.,2,623,By citing examples the author praises the expl

43、oits of civil-rights heroes who helped slaves travel the Underground Railroad to freedom.,G R _ Text Analysis 1,Text Analysis,In this part, the author tells the stories of three civil-rights heroes. Who are they? Give the main idea of each story.,Stories,Main Ideas,1,After winning his own freedom fr

44、om slavery, John Parker helped other slaves escape north to Canada to get freedom.,Heroes,Para(s),John Parker,610,G R _ Text Analysis 2,Stories,Main Ideas,3,Supported by a strong religious conviction, the white man Levi Coffin helped black slaves escape at huge risk to himself.,Heroes,Para(s),Josiah

45、 Henson,1623,2,Levi Coffin,1115,By traveling the Underground Railroad, Josiah Henson reached his destination and became free at last.,A R _ Useful Expressions 1,Useful Expressions,1. 微风,a gentle breeze,2. 支持,stand up for,3. 有原则的人,a man of principle,4. 历史遗迹,a historic site,5. 解放奴隶,liberate slaves,6.

46、决定要做某事,be intent on doing sth.,7. 轻轻的敲门声,a soft knock,A R _ Useful Expressions 2,iron molding,spread the news,religious convictions,find refuge,next leg of the journey,principal routes,face risks,A R _ Useful Expressions 3,15. 课以罚金,impose a fine,16. 记录,keep a log of,17. 路标,road signs,18. 出殡队伍,a fune

47、ral procession,19. 未开垦的土地,a virgin land,20. 在（某人）看来,in the eyes of (sb.),A decade ago, Nancy did what so many Americans dream about. She quit an executive position and opened/set up a household device store in her neighborhood. People like Nancy made the decision primarily for the improvement in the

48、 quality of their lives. But, to run a business on a small scale is by no means an easy job. Without her steady income, Nancy had to cut back on her daily expenses. Sometimes she did not even have the money to pay the premiums for the various kinds of insurance she needed. Fortunately, through her o

49、wn hard work, she has now got through the most difficult time. She is determined to continue pursing her vision of a better life.,Though greatly affected by the consequences of the global financial crisis, we are still confident that we can face up to the challenge and overcome the crisis. Under threat of constant sand storms, we were compelled to leave our cherished village and move to the new settlement. According to a recent online survey, a lo