主谓一致讲解.ppt

1、Subject-Verb Agreement (主谓一致),语法一致,就近原则,意义一致,就远原则,“主语+ 附属结构” 作主语，谓语与主语一致,即主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。,即主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数， 因此谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式 上为复数，但表示单数意义，这时谓语 动词用单数形式。,即谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式， 取决于最靠近他的主语。,语法一致：,1.当主语由and连结时，如果表示同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，此时and后面的名词无冠词。 如 表示不同的人或物时, 谓语动词用复数，此时and后面的名词有冠词。,The w

2、orker and writer _(be) from Wuhan. 那个工人兼作家 The worker and the writer _(be) from Beijing. 那位工人和那位作家,is,are,The League secretary and monitor _ asked to make a speech at the meeting. A. isB. was C. are D. were,答案B. 注： 先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时，先排除A.，C。 本题易误选D，因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人，但仔细辨

3、 别， monitor 前没有the，在英语中，当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠 词。后面的职务用and 相连。这样本题主语为一个人，所以应选B。,The gift is used to have western meals. What is it?,a knife and fork,A knife and fork_ used to have meals.,is,a singer and dancer,The singer and dancer _ on the stage.,is,Going out for a walk after supper is a good habit. 晚饭

4、后出去散步是一个好习惯。 To see is to believe. 眼见为实。 Whether well go depends on the weather. 我们是否去要取决于天气的好坏。,2.动词不定式(短语), 动名词(短语), 或从句作主语时, 谓语 动词常用单数。例如：,Something _ (has / have) gone wrong with my watch. Anybody who _ ( break / breaks) the rule will be punished.,3.不定代词somebody, someone, something, anybody, any

5、thing, everybody, everyone, everything, nobody, no one, nothing等作主语， 谓语动词用单数形式;,has,breaks,Two pictures _ on the wall, which attract many people. On the wall _ two pictures, which attract many people. Their teacher _ among the students, who is in her thirties. Among the students _ their teacher, who

6、 is in her thirties.,4.倒装句中的语法一致,are,are,stands,stands,5、由分数或百分数+名词作主语时，谓语动词的 形式与of 后面的名词的数一致 即分数或百分数+of+不可数名词或单数名词， 谓语动词用单数 分数或百分数+of+复数名词，谓语动词用复数,Ten percent of the pupils _ absent today. Three-fourths of the surface of the earth _ sea.,are,is,1.由集体名词,如group, family, class, government, team, publi

7、c, enemy, crowd, audience, club, party, crew等作主语时,如果看成一个整体，谓语动词用单数形式,如果看成其中各成员，则用复数形式. His family is very large.他家是一个大家庭。 His family are music lovers.他的家人都是音乐爱好者。,意义一致：,The group _ made up of nine students.,The group_ dancing happily.,is,are,The team _ some good players. (have) The team _ handsome.

8、(be),has,are,Choose the correct verb form to complete the following sentences.,1.The research group (is, are) made up of five people.,2.What (do, does) the group want for their lunch?,3.Our family (is, are) not poor any more.,4.He has to worry. His family (is, are) waiting for him.,5.The class (is,

9、are) more than forty in number.,is,do,is,are,is,6.The class (have, has) disagreed among themselves about where they should go and have a picnic.,7.The government (has, have) spent more than two million yuan in planting trees.,8.The city government ( has, have) different opinions about next years pla

10、n.,have,has,have,注意：但集体名词为 people, police, cattle等在任何情况下谓语动词都用复数形式。,9.The police_ (is, are) searching for the thief.,are,Neither dog _ big. ( A. is B. are ),Neither of them _ big. ( A. is B. are ),A,Neither of the rabbits _ handsome. ( A. is B. are ),A / B,Neither rabbit _ handsome. ( A. is B. are )

11、,A,A / B,2.代词作主语,neither of none of,不可数名词,+可数名词,neither + 单数名词,谓语动词用单数或复数,How to use none and neither,谓语动词用单数,谓语动词用单数,3.Neither of us _ (was/were) ready when the party began. 4. None of them _ (has/have) watched the talk show.,have/has,was/were,1.None of these people _ doctors. A. has B. have C. are

12、 D. was 2.Neither of them _ a good singer. A. was B. is C. were D. is used to be,C,B,3.表示时间、距离、金钱等复数名词作主语，表达一个整体概念时, 谓语动词则用单数形式; Two years _ passed since I left Ningbo; One million dollars _ a great sum of money.,Every means _ been tried since then. has B. have C. are D. is 2. No news _ good news. (

13、is / are) 3. Maths / physics _ the subject that I like most. (is / are),4.以-s 结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义，谓语通常用单数形式，如news, maths, physics, the United States ,works等作主语, 谓语动词用单数形式;,has,is,is,is,has,5.theadj.作主语,theadj.,表示一类人，谓语动词用复数，如the old, the young, the rich, the poor等 the+ adj.,表示某个人或一类抽象的事物，谓语动词用单数，如the bea

14、utiful, the good等 The old _ taken good care of in our society. The rich _ for the decision but the poor are against it. The wounded _ a young boy. The beautiful _not always the same as the good.,are,are,was,is,e.g. Tom is one of the students who_ good at playing football. Tom is the only one of the

15、students who_ good at playing football.,are,is,注意在“one of+复数名词+关系代词” 的结构中，定语从句中谓语动词用复 数形式；但是若前有the only, 将其限定为只有一个时,谓语动词用单数形式.,A or B Not A but B Either A or B Neither A nor B Not only A but also B,Verb,就近原则：,1. 我们教室里有一台电视机和56张桌子. There are 56 desks and one television in our classroom. There is one

16、television and 56 desks in our classroom.,存在句: There be . 结构,Here There,+Verb,A and B,A , B and C,Not only you but also he _ wrong. (is/are),Neither you nor he _ right. (is/are),There _ two shops and a cinema beside the railway station. (is/are),Here _ a map and a handbook for you. (is/are),is,is,ar

17、e,is,_,1One or two days _ enough to see the city Ais Bare Cam Dbe,2Not the teacher，but the students _ looking forward to seeing the film Ais Bare Cam Dbe,3. Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after another A. is B. are Cam Dbe,4. Neither my wife nor I myself _ able t

18、o persuade my daughter to change her mind Ais B. are Cam Dbe,5. Either she or you_ going to visit Beijing.,A. is B. are Cam Dbe,6. Many a man_ the story.A. believes B. believe 7.More than one man _died in the accident.A. has B. have 8.More than five men _died in the accident.A. has B. have,A,A,B,当主语

19、后面跟有as well as, as much as, no less than, along with,with ,like, rather than, together with , but , except, besides, ,including等引导的词组时，其谓语动词的 单、复数由主语的单、复数而定。,1. The teacher with two students _ at the meeting . (was / were),2.E-mail, as well as the telephones, _ an important part in daily communicati

20、on.,A. is playing B. have played C. are playing D. play,was,A,就远原则,A 谓语动词与第一个主语A保持一致 All but one _(be) here just now. A library with five thousand books _(be) offered to the nation as a gift. A peasant together with some soldiers _(be) about to help us.,with along with together with besides but exce

21、pt including as well as rather than,B,were,is,is,1Nobody but Betty and Mary _ late for class yesterday Awas Bwere Chas been Dhave been 2A woman with some children _ soon Ais coming Bare coming Chas come Dhave come 3. Everything, including the clothes, _ stolen that evening. A. is B. was C. are D. we

22、re,7No one except my parents _ anything about this。 Aknow Bknows Cis known Dare known 8The teacher as well as the students _ the book already Ahas read Bhave read Care reading Dis reading 9All but one _ in the accident Awas killed Bwere killed Cwill be killed Dare killed,The necklace The story happened in Paris. One day , Peter together with his wife, _ invited to a ball at the palace. Both of them _ very glad to accept the invitation . Not only a new dress but also some jewellery _ needed. But the family _ not a ric