UsingLanguageⅠ (2)

1、Using Language,Reading,Comprehension,True or false questions:,1. I was forced to join Captain Bligh in the small boat. 2. After the crew took over the ship “Bounty”, Captain Bligh was allowed to take with him a chart , a compass and a quadrant.,F,F,3. It was very difficult for us to get a correct re

2、ading from the quadrant as the boat moved constantly during the course. 4. Captain Bligh used a system called “dead reckoning” and he knew there was land directly southwest of their original position.,T,F,5. We completely believed Captain Bligh when he talked hopefully about what we would do when we

3、 got back to England. 6. Captain Bligh was as weak as the rest of us but he was determined not to give up.,F,T,7. Captain Bligh kept us busy and tried to take our minds off our stomach and thirst all the way. 8. We finally escaped the jaws of death and arrived in Timor over fifty days after being se

4、t loose in our small boat.,T,F,Explanation,1. incident n.事件, 事变 He could remember every incident in great detail. 他能把每件小事的细节都记得清楚。 incident 附带的小事件，事端，政变 accident 意外事故 event 重大事件,How did the accident happen? 这起事故是怎么发生的？ July 7th Incident 七七事变 What were the chief events of last year? 去年主要的大事是什么？,2. de

5、parture n. 启程, 出发, 离开 a departure lounge 候车室 departure date 动身日期 depart vi.离开, 起程, 逝世,3. crew n. 全体人员, (工作)队 The plane had seventy passengers and a crew of ten. 飞机上有70名乘客和10名机务人员。 注意:做主语时, 如看作整体, 谓语用单数; 如看作成员, 谓语用复数。 The crew on board the plane was small. The crew were busy preparing.,4. deposit v.

6、放置, 放下放置，安置； 托付，寄存；存钱 She deposited her money in the bank. 他把钱存到银行里。 dilemma n. 进退两难的局面, 困难的选择（可加不定冠词）,e.g. You place me in something of a dilemma. Jill was in a dilemma whether to go out with Bill or Joe. The doctor was in a dilemma whether to tell the patient the truth about his condition or not.,

7、5. drawback n. 缺点, 毛病;不利因素 One drawback of New York in the summer is the heat. In spite of all its drawbacks, it was a place of quiet, peace. The only drawback of the plan is that it costs too much.,draw back 退回,往后退 The children drew back from the dog when it barked at them. 不履行(诺言) He will not draw

8、 back from what he has promised.,6. dusk n. 薄暮, 黄昏,暮色 Dusk was falling. By dusk we had reached a place called Lion Forest. At dusk the lights of the city come on.,dawn n. 黎明, 拂晓, 破晓 The darkest hour is before the dawn. And at dawn we rose and knocked at the gate of the city.,7. routine n. 例行公事, 常规,

9、日常事务, 程序 Teachers in our school will have a routine medical examination on Teachers Day. 在教师节我们学校的教师要进行常规的检查。,I arrive at nine oclock, teach until twelve thirty and then have a meal; that is my morning routine. 我九点钟到，上课到十二点钟，然后吃饭；那是我上午的例行做法。,8. pretty adj. 漂亮的, 优美的, 机灵的, 恰当的 adv. 相当，颇 a pretty garde

10、n / valley 美丽的花园 / 山谷 You speak English pretty well. 你的英语讲得相当好。 I feel pretty tired. 我感到相当疲劳了。,9. in addition 另外 There was an earthquake and, in addition, there were tsunamis. 除了地震之外，还有海啸。,比较：in addition, in addition to in addition = as well, besides 相当于副词 in addition to = as well as 相当于介词 In additi

11、on, the owner of the land may charge an extra fee. In addition to swimming, she likes tennis.,10. starvation n. 饥饿, 饿死 starve v.饥饿, 饿死 Thousands and thousands of people there are on the point of starvation. 那儿成千上万的人都面临着饿死的危险。 Thousands of people will starve if food doesnt reach the stricken city. 如果

12、食物不能运到那座受灾的城市， 成千上万的人就要饿死。,11. extreme adj. 尽头的, 极端的, 偏激的, 最后的 n. 极端, 极端的事物 the extreme edge of the field 原野的尽头 extreme pleasure 极度高兴 resorted to extremes in the emergency 在紧急状态下诉诸非常手段,12. cope with 有效地或成功地对付或应付 A family and a full time job are a lot to cope with. 照顾家庭并干一份全职工作需要花很多精力。,She is not a c

13、ompetent driver and cant cope with driving in heavy traffic. 她不是一个称职的司机，在交通拥挤时就开不好车。 deal with只是采取行动去对付某人或某事，并不考虑成功与否。,13. psychologically adv. 心理上地, 心 理学地 psychological adj. 心理(上)的 psychology n. 心理学, 心理状态 psychological research 心理学研究 psychological warfare 心理战 the psychology of war 战争心理,14. tension

14、n. 紧张(状态), 不安, 拉紧, 压力, 张力, 牵力, 电压 The tension of the Far East is building up again. 中东的形势又逐步紧张起来。,strain/ tension strain通常指过分吃力, 影响健康的紧张状态 tension 多指由于双方或各方面关系不好所造成的紧张状态 Too much reading is a strain on ones eyes. The government is doing its best to ease the tension in that area.,15. gradually adv. 逐

15、渐地 gradual adj. 逐渐的, 逐步的, 渐进的 The rock gradually wears away due to the action of the water. 由于水的作用，岩石逐渐磨损。 Computerization has resulted in the gradual disappearance of many manual jobs. 计算机化导致了许多手工工作的逐渐消失。,16. foresee vt. 预见, 预知 He foresaw the rapid increase in unemployment. Those who can foresee di

16、fficulties on their way to success may keep calm when they really appear. 在走向成功的路途中能够预见到困难的人在困难真正出现的时候常常能保持冷静的态度。,17. take ones mind off 使某人的注意力离开 keep ones mind on 专心于，把注意力集中于 put ones mind into/to 专心于,18. thirst n. 渴, 口渴, ( for)渴望, 热望 The soldiers died of thirst in the desert. 士兵们在沙漠中因长期干渴而死。 He h

17、as a great thirst for knowledge. 他有强烈的求知欲 thirsty adj. 口渴的, 渴望的, 热望的 He is thirsty for news. 他渴望获得新闻。,19. set loose 出发, 使爆炸, 引起, (使)开始(做某事) Someone has set the tigers loose from their cage and they are terrorizing the town. When we escape, shall we set the other prisoners loose?,20. hardship n. 困苦,

18、艰难, 辛苦 a time of great economic hardship 经济极度困难的时期 Be the first to bear hardships, the last to enjoy comforts. 吃苦在别人前头，享受在别人后头。 His father went through all kinds of hardships in the old society. 他的父亲在旧社会吃尽了苦头。,21. the jaws of death / defeat = used to describe an unpleasant situation that almost happ

19、ens 鬼门关，失败的险境 The team snatched victory from the jaws of defeat. 这个队翻盘而险胜。,Discussion,Discuss these situations in fours and then hold a class discussion.,Would you have behaved like the person in the reading and joined Captain Bligh in the open boat or stayed on the “Bounty”? You should have reasons

20、 for your choice.,2. At the time that the nineteen men in the boat sailed for Timor they did not know if they would survive or not. What do you think were the most important things they would need to take with them? Who should decide these items? Remember that the boat was already very full of peopl

21、e and could not hold much more.,3. Many men who wanted to go into the boat were unable to because of the lack of space. If they stayed on the “Bounty” and were caught by the British navy, they should be killed according to the law.,4. What would the students have done to avoid being caught and punis

22、hed if they had been part of the group who took over the “Bounty”? Would they have gone back to Tahiti or looked for another place to live? Which place would be the safest?,5. After the discussion let students prepare for the speaking exercise and encourage them to make notes of their ideas. Follow

23、this format: Discuss in pairs. Make a list of the ideas.,6. Swap ideas with another pair and resolve differences. Make a new list of the ideas. 7. One member of the group should give the ideas to the class in turn. Other groups can discuss these I deal and evaluate them.,Sample dialogues,One,Li Pei

24、(LP), Du Zhou (DZ), Wen Fuqing (WF) and Liu Yongfu (LY) are discussing the journey and Captains Blighs leadership qualities.,LP: Why are you convinced that this journey shows the greatest navigational skill? Im sure there must have been others that were as good, if not better! DZ: Do you know of man

25、y other sea voyages of this kind?,WF: Well, theres that journey by Shackleton from Elephant Island in the Antarctic to get help from another island with a whaling station. He wanted to rescue his men. The weather was terrible and he was in an open boat, too.,LY: How can you think that journey was mo

26、re difficult? It didnt last very long. Captains Blighs journey lasted over forty days, was very hot and they had very little food and water. It was because Captain Bligh was a great leader that they survived.,DZ: Now that Ive heard about it I am very impressed. All those men pushed together in a ver

27、y small boat, it must have been terrible for them to stay friendly. Meanwhile they were being driven mad by lack of fresh water and there was all that,salt water all around them. Thats the reason I think it was the greatest sea escape. LP: When you put it that way I suppose it was a great achievemen

28、t. Captain Bligh was certainly excellent in the way he kept the men occupied and tried to take their minds off their troubles. In addition he treated,everyone the same when it came to food or water. So I think you are right and it was the greatest example of navigational skill against the odds! Do y

29、ou agree? DA, WF and LY (together): Yes. We do.,Two,DZ: What leadership qualities do you think Captain Bligh showed? LP: Since he had such violent disagreements with his crew, I think he was a bad leader.,WF: Do you really? He does seem to have had a bad temper so that has given him a bad reputation

30、. However, he was also kind to his men at other times so I think he was a reasonable leader. LY: What did he do?,WF: He provided cabbage so the sailors would not get ill and made them dance so that they would stay healthy. That shows he was a good leader. DZ: Yes indeed. That is one good quality. Ho

31、wever having a bad temper and getting angry quickly shows a bad quality.,WF: Now think about the voyage to Timor. On that journey he was fair with the food, kept everyone occupied working out the boats position, and kept the crew cheerful. The fact that he tried so hard to build co-operative behavio

32、r shows good leadership qualities.,LP: Indeed he did. That is why some people regard him as a hero. LY: Well, he seems contradictory. He is a good leader in a crisis and a bad one the rest of the time.,DZ: No, no! That seems a bit cruel although it was due to his bad temper the crew took over the sh

33、ip. It was also due to his good temper that the crew survived in the small boat. I think Liu Yongfu is right. He was good in a crisis because he was fair with the food,But he was a bad leader in a general situation because he got angry over small things (like accusing people of stealing food or diso

34、beying him) and was too easy-going in Tahiti ( where he let the men relax too much so they did not want to go back to England). LP: He was a strange mixture indeed!,Writing,Now write a report to your leader explaining to him why you think Captain Bligh should or should not receive the medal. Follow

35、these steps.,Write down your ideas in the order as they occur to you. Number the ideas so that they are in a logical order.,Each paragraph should explain one of the reasons why Captain Bligh should get the medal or not. Your last paragraph should emphasize again the most important reasons why you think Captain Bligh should or should not get the medal.,Sample letter,Dear Sir， I think Captain Bligh should certainly receive a special medal for his amazing voyage across the sea to Timor. This is a journey that could not have been completed without great navigational skill. In addition Captain