专转本 英语语法 倒装.ppt

1、倒装句与强调,（一）考题导入： 1）、_homework did we have to do that we had no time to take a rest A. So much B. Too much C. Too little D. So little 2）、Only then _ how much damage had been caused。 A. had she realized B. she realized C. did she realize D. she had realized,A,C,在英语中，主语和谓语的语序通常是主语在前，谓语在后。但有时谓语的全部或者一部分（通

2、常是助动词或情态动词）却提到主语的前面，这种语序叫做“倒装”。,(二) 倒装句概述：,1、倒装的目的：由于结构和修辞的需要 2、倒装句分类：部分倒装和全部倒装。 3、语序：谓语的一部分或全部放在主语前面。,（三）倒装句分类及例析：1、全部倒装：,1）直接引语的部分或全部在句首时用倒装。 “Who can answer the question?” asked the teacher. 2）、there, here 或there 开头的句子 There will be a football match this afternoon. Here comes the bus There goes t

3、he bell,3)表示方位的副词放句首时用倒装 Out rushed the students. 4)为了句子平衡，或使上下文衔接，把介词短语、副词、形容词等放句首。 On top of the books_ the photo album you are looking for A. is B. are C. has D. have At the foot of the mountain_ A. a village lie B. lies a village C. does a village lie D. lying a village,A,B,2、部分倒装：,1）“so + be /

4、have -+ 主语”或“neither / nor + be / have- + 主语”，表示前面的情况也适用于另一人或事。 He is a teacher, so am I . Of the making of good books there is no end; neither_ any end to their influence on mans lives。 A.there is B. there are C. is there D. are there,C,3.so放在句首，跟在一个肯定句之后，表示前后面所述内容也适用于另一人物，为了避免句子部分内容不必要的重复，常用”so+be

5、动词（助动词，情态动词）+主语“的倒装句式，表示“与前面所述的肯定情况相同”，例如： I like traveling. So does he.我喜欢旅行，他也喜欢。 His brother is a college student , so is mine .他弟弟是大学生，我弟弟也是。 His brother is not a college student , nor is mine .,4. neither ,nor , 或 no more 放在句首，作“也不”讲，跟在一个否定句之后，表示前面所述内容也适用于另一人或物。例如： My teacher didnt agree with h

6、im .Nor did I .老师不同意他的观点，我也不同意。 Im not interested in math. Neither is he .我对数学不感兴趣， 他也一样。 注:当前面陈述句有两个以上不同类型的谓语动词时，如be ,do 或 can 等等，或者既有肯定式又有否定式时，如have 和 hasnt 等等，不能单独使用so 或者 neither/ nor ，而应换用另外的句型结构： A： So it is with.; B: I like the same with .请见例句 I like chicken ,but I dont like fish .-我喜欢吃鸡肉，但不喜欢

7、吃鱼 So it is with me . -我也如此 Tom is an American, but lives in China, it is same with Jack. 汤姆是美国人，但他住在中国，杰克也如此。,5.副词often， 短语 many a time ，或者 so 修饰形容词或副词、位于句首时。例如： So badly was he injured in the accident that he was sent to the hospital for treatment . 在这次事故中他伤的很重，被送进医院治疗。,2)含有否定意义的副词或连词放在句首时，多用部分倒装。

8、如：few, little, never, not, not until, nowhere, rarely, seldom, hardly-when-, no sooner-than,等。,Never in the wildest dreams _ these people are living in such poor conditions。 AI could imagine Bcould I imagine CI couldnt imagine Dcouldnt I imagine Maybe you have been to many countries, but nowhere els

9、e_ such a beautiful place Acan you find B. you could find C. you can find D. could you find,B,A,.含否定意义并修饰全句的词放在句首，如：not，little，hardly，scarcely，rarely，no more，no long，in no way，never，seldom，nowhere，not only，no sooner等，例如： Hardly had she sat down when she heard someone knocking at the door。 她还没来得及坐下，就

10、听见有人敲门。 No sooner had I returned home from New Zealand than I bought a house and went to live there. 我从新西兰一回国，就买了一栋房子并在那住下。 典型例题Hardly_making the speech when the people stood up applauding. A.has the speaker finished B.the speaker had finished C.had the speaker finished D. had finished the speaker 【

11、解析】C。首先hardly在句首的话想到句型had hardlywhen；而且前面需要倒装，另外根据stood选择had，因为动作有先后的：作演讲在前，气力鼓掌在后。,3）only 所强调的状语位于句首用倒装,Only then _ how much damage had been caused. A. had she realized B. she realized C. did she realized D. she had realized 4）not until放句首时：not until +副词/状语从句+助动词 + 主语。 Not until recently _he was a

12、scientist. A. I did know C. did I know C. I didnt know D. didnt I know,C,C,1、Only +状语或者状语从句放在句首。如： Only in this way can we improve our English. 只有这样，我们才能提高英语水平。 Only in this way can you come up with a solution to the problem. 只有这样，你才有可能想出解决这个问题的方法。 注意：only放在句首，强调主语时，语序不必倒装。 Only Mr.Wang knows about

13、it. 仅仅只有王先生知道这件事。,6. 虚拟条件句省略if 时，将were ，should ， 或 had 那移到主语之前。如： Should it rain ，all the crops would be saved。 若是下雨的话，庄稼就都得救了。 Should he be here next week ， he would help us with the problem 。 要是他下周在这里的话，他会帮助我们解决这个问题的 Were there no light ， we could see nothing 。如果没有光的话，我们什么也看不见。 Were my teacher her

14、e ， he would give some good advice 。 我的老师如果在这儿，他会提些好建议的。 Hadnt it been for his help ， we wouldnt have finished the work in time 。 若非有他帮忙，我们就不能及时完成工作。,7.以may .long live .开头的某些表示祝愿的用语。如： May God bless you ！愿上帝保佑你! May you succeed！ 祝你成功 May our friendship last forever ！ 愿我们友谊长存,8.由as though 引导的表示“虽然”“尽

15、管”的让步状语从句用倒装语序时，把从句的表语或状语等放在as/though的前面。例如： Young as / though she was ，she could work out that problem alone 。 虽然她很小，但她却能独自解出那道难题。 Child as / though he is ， he is very brave 。尽管他是个孩子，但他却非常勇敢 注意：如果从句中的表语是名词，其名词前不加任何冠词。,总结倒装之口诀 副词开头要倒装， 人称代词则如常 Only 修饰副介词，位于句首半倒装。 否定意义副连词，即“不；也不”需倒装 Such 代词做表语，引起主谓要倒

16、装。 Not only 开头句，前一分句需倒装 Had ，were ，should ，虚拟句，省略if 半倒装。,5)not only-but also-在句首，强调的不是主语,用倒装。 _ snacks and and drinks, but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest. A. Not only they brought B. Not only did they bring C. Not only brought they D. Not only they did

17、 bring 6）在虚拟条件句中，省略连词if ,把were, had, should 置于句首。 _ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off. A. Would you be B. Should you be C. Could you be D. Might you be,B,B,（四）考题精选：,1）_ by keeping down costs will Power Data hold its advantage over other companies. A. OnlyB. J

18、ustC. StillD. Yet 2).Only in this way _ progress in your English. A. you make B. can you make C. you be able to make D. will able to make 3）So difficult _ it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice. A. I did find B. did I find C. I have found D. have I found,A,B,B,4）-Its burning

19、 hot today, isnt it? -Yes. _yesterday A. So was it B. So it was C. So it is D. So is it 5). So little_ with each other that the neighbouring countries could not settle their difference. A. they agreed B. agreed they C. did they agree D. they did agree 6) The old couple have married for 40 years and

20、never once _ with each other. A. they had quarreled B. they have quarreled C. have they quarreled D. had they quarreled.,A,C,C,7) _ so busy, I should go with you. A. Were I not B. Was I not C. If I am not D. I were not 8).He likes swimming, but he doesnt enjoy skating. A. So do I B. It is so with me

21、 C. Neither do I. D. It is the same with me. 9).Hardly_ we _ the lab when the power _ off. A. Had; left; was B. did; leave; broke; C. had; left; had been D. did; leave; had been 10). No sooner had he come back home_ the telephone began to ring. Athan B. when C. then D. that,A,A,A,Not until the early

22、 years of 19 th century _ what heat is . A. man did know B . man knew C. didn t man know D . did man know 2. not until I began to work _how much time I had wasted . A . didnt I realize B. did I realize C . I didnt realize D. I realized 3. not until all the fish died in the river ,_ how serious the p

23、ollution was . A. did the villagers realize B . the villagers realized C . the villagers did realize D . didnt the villagers realize,4. So _ that no fish can live in it . A . the lake is shallow B . shallow the lake is C. shallow is the lake D . is the lake shallow 5. little _ about his own safety ,

24、though he was in great danger himself . A . does he care B . did he care C . he cares D . he cared 6. _ for the free tickets ,I would not have gone to the film so often . A . if it is not B . were it not C . had it not been D . if there were not,7 . - David has made great progress recently . -_,and

25、_. A . So he has ,so you have B . so he has ,so have you C . so has he ,so have you D . so has he ,so you have 8.i finally got the job I dreamed about . Never in all my life _so happy . A. did I feel B . I felt C . I had felt D . had I felt 9. _ ,Mother will wait for him to have dinner together . A

26、. however late is he B . however he is late C . however is he late D . however late he is,10. _about wild plant that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar for further research . A . So curious the couple was B . So curious were the couple C. How curious the couple were D . The couple was such cu

27、rious 11. _ than they started to work . A . No sooner they had got to the plant B . No sooner had they got to the plant C . As soon as they had got to the plant D . When they had got to plant 12. Only then _ what “ revolution ” meant A . I realize B . did I realize C . I did realize D. do I realize,13 . Often _ us good advice . A . had she given B. she