新世纪大学英语(第二版)综合教程第1册Unit5

1、,Unit 5 Knowing Yourself,Sit in groups of threes or fours and discuss the following questions.,Do you know what your strengths and weaknesses are? Think of concrete examples or situations in which your strengths and weaknesses are demonstrated. (Open.),Get Started-discussion,Get started D,2. Can you

2、 describe your best friends personality? Do you think he / she would agree with you? (Open.),Get Started-discussion,Get started D,3. “Babies are born with a blank slate (白板). It is the environment that shapes their personality.” What do you think of this statement? (Open.),4. What personality traits

3、 (性格) do you dislike most? Why? (Open.),5. Is there any aspect of your personality that you would like to develop or change? (Open.),Quotes 1,Study the following quotes about personality. Do you agree with each of them? Give reasons to support your view.,Get Started-quotes 1,Quotes 1,Like father, li

4、ke son. Chinese Proverb,Interpretation: “Like father, like son.” (有其父必有其子) is a common quote that is used not only by Chinese but also by many other races and cultures in the world. It could be used either as a compliment or as a criticism of the son (and the father implicitly). The underlying assum

5、ption of this quote is that whatever traits demonstrated by the son are inherited from the father. Therefore, those who believe in this are proponents that nature has an overpowering influence on ones character.,Get Started-quotes 1,Quotes 2,When we see men of worth, we should think of equaling them

6、; when we see men of a contrary character, we should turn inwards and examine ourselves. Confucius,Interpretation: This quote from Confucius is a reminder to us that we should first look into ourselves before we criticize others. The original in Chinese is “见贤思齐焉，见不贤而内省也。”（论语第17章）,Click Picture,Quot

7、es 3,Interpretation: Lincolns quote is an indication of how power, wealth and status could affect our behavior and actions. It addresses the belief that power tends to corrupt (腐败), implying that only a man of strong character can resist this tendency.,Get Started-quotes 3,Nearly all men can stand a

8、dversity (困境), but if you want to test a mans character, give him power. Abraham Lincoln,Click Picture,video,Watch the following video clip “The Big Five of Personality” and then complete the tasks that follow:,click here,In fact,video,Fill in the missing words according to what you hear from the vi

9、deo clip.,So one issue with other personality tests that are out there is that they really want to put you into . You are either this or you are that. But thats not really helping a lot. You shouldnt have to be “either or”. , most people want to be “either or”. Our main personality survey the big fi

10、ve personality traits: openness, conscientiousness, extroversion, agreeableness and . The big five model is a great place to start when it comes to personality research. But in addition to that, each of those factors is actually the different traits.,video,a given category,_,_,is based on,_,emotiona

11、l stability,_,made up of,_,click here,video,2. Discuss the topic with your group members: What is their way to assess ones personality according to the video clip? Do you know yourself well? Would you please share your personality traits with us?,According to the video clip, they based the personali

12、ty survey on the big five personality traits: openness, conscientiousness, extroversion, agreeableness, emotional stability. They display ones traits in the world in an organized way and can be representative in a way that makes sense. They provide people with unique feedback thats personalized to t

13、hem.,click here,click here,L Tasha is aggressive; and Shannon is outgoing. Actually, personalities are more complex than this. A closer look at personalities will show you why they are not so simple, and you will also discover that your personality can be shaped if you make the effort.,In-Depth,3 A

14、persons personality is composed of many elements. These elements, in general, fall into three categories emotional, social, and intellectual.,_,_,Every person feels the same basic emotions, such as fear, happiness, anxiety and pain, yet each responds to them individually. When Karas grandmother died

15、, for example, her sorrow was,expressed through tears. Another person might show the same kind of sorrow in a quiet, reflective way. Similarly, when you hear a piece of good news, you may jump up with joy and may immediately decide to throw a,5 People are also different in how they relate to others.

16、 This reveals the social side of their personality, and there are plenty of variations. Some people prefer the company of others rather than being alone. We say they are sociable. Others are just the opposite. Most people want some combination of the two.,party for your classmates and friends to sha

17、re your happiness and joy; another person may just keep the good news to himself or herself and just enjoy the happiness secretly. As you observe how people their emotions, you start to form a picture of this part of their personality.,handle,In-Depth,In-Depth,6 Intellectual traits are the third par

18、t of personality. These qualities are influenced by the mind and how it works. One person may prefer spending his spare time in deep thought. Another may be more creative. Jake, for example, often has people in his class laughing. He sees humor in almost everything and is able to express it in enter

19、taining ways.,7 The emotional, social, and intellectual traits of personality become apparent to others through behavior. Usually you need to get to know a person well enough before you can discover the full depth of that persons personality.,8 When you start thinking about what you are like, you ma

20、y start wondering why you are that way. Explaining why personalities develop as they do is not easy. That is because two influences are at work: heredity and environment. And no one really knows which one has the greater effect. In fact, the combination of these influences may not be the same for ev

21、ery person.,In-Depth,9 Heredity is one influence on personality. Heredity is the set of characteristics that you inherit from your parents and ancestors. “Hes just like his father,” Mrs. Miller always says about her son Todd, now 17. Since,10 Other aspects of personality are shaped by what goes on a

22、round a person. Environment the circumstances, objects, and conditions that surround people also has an impact on personality. This influence is very strong and very complicated. Home life, for example, affects childrens personalities as they grow. People who feel loved and secure are likely to deve

23、lop more positive personality traits than those who are troubled as they grow up. That is why divorce is a harmful social practice that often exerts a negative effect on the growth of young children.,Todds father died when the boy was only a year old, heredity explains the resemblances, for evidentl

24、y, Todd has had no opportunity to learn these traits from his father.,In-Depth,In-Depth,11 Personalities make people interesting. How boring it would be if everyone had the same personality. On the other hand, some personalities are more pleasing than others. What about you? Are you satisfied with y

25、our personality? Or is there something even a small quality that you would like to change? Most people have * some personality adjustments they would like to make.,at least,In-Depth,Adolescence is a time for personality development, and personality is developing right everything else. For young univ

26、ersity students, shaping your personality as you want it to be may be easier now than later, for you are changing while you are learning. Think about the personality traits that you admire. Just as an athlete builds skills, you can build the personality you want to have, but only if you are determin

27、ed to do so.,along with,12,Q1. What personality traits do you think you have? What personality traits do your group members see that you have? Are there any traits that you yourself know but others dont? Are there any traits that others can see but you yourself are not aware of? Fill in the followin

28、g table according to what you discuss. (Open.),voicing,Work in groups of threes or fours and discuss the following questions.,voicing,voicing,Q2. In the same group, highlight your group members strengths and give examples of what they once did that has had a positive impact on you. (Open.),voicing,Q

29、3. Do you think that we are born with certain personality traits? Or do you think how we behave is the result of our upbringing and environment? Give reasons to support your answer.,A3: Possible answers: I think we are born with some fixed personality traits, because nature and heredity determine wh

30、at our characteristics we possess and what we are. I dont agree with the statement, since children are products of their surroundings and they just respond to their surroundings and in return their surroundings respond to them, thus shaping their personality traits.,voicing,Q4. What key personality

31、traits do you look for in your life partner?,A4: Some personality traits one looks for in a life partner include: trustworthiness, faithfulness, good sense of humor, outgoing, positive, caring, etc.,Key Words (B),Key Words for Text B,Key Words (B),Key Words for Text B,Key Words for Text B,Key Words

32、(B),1. It is believed by many that our preference for some specific colors may be closely related to what kind of people we are. (Para. 2),2) Make a sentence with the italicized structure.,It isbelievedby many thatthereislife in outer space.,1) Translate this sentence into Chinese.,许多人都相信我们偏爱的颜色与我们是

33、哪种类型的人可能紧密相关 。,Sentences,2. When yellow is one of your last few choices you have had your hopes and dreams destroyed and you feel isolated and disappointed, often becoming defensive and withdrawn. (Para. 4),2) Please paraphrase the sentence.,If you choose yellow color as one of your last choices, th

34、at means you do not have any hopes or dreams left; thus you feel alone and disappointed, often trying to protect your own interests and not wanting to mix with others.,1) Translate this sentence into Chinese.,如果黄色排在最后几位，那你所拥有的希望和梦想已经破灭,你感觉被隔绝和失望，往往变得戒心很重，不愿与人交往 。,Sentences,3. Both mentally and physi

35、cally immature, you are stuck in a dream world of wishful thinking and fantasy. (Para. 6),2) Make a sentence with the italicized structure.,You need to have a dream, but dont be stuckinadreamworld of illusions.,1) Translate this sentence into Chinese.,心理上和生理上都不成熟的你，常沉迷于异想天开和梦幻的世界里。,Sentences,4. Grey

36、 as your first choice means that you want to shut yourself off from everything and remain uncommitted, so that you can swing with opinion and emotions. (Para. 8),2) Make a sentence with the italicized structure.,When youre feeling depressed, its no use shutting yourself off from everything.,1) Trans

37、late this sentence into Chinese.,灰色排在第一位意味着你想要逃避一切事物，不会做出任何承诺，以便可以摇摆于各种观点与感情之间。,Sentences,Paras.1-2,Comprehension,What does our preference for colors mean?,Comprehension,What may we know about a person who places red as one of his / her least favorite color?,Para. 3,Comprehension,What is the main di

38、fference in personality between a person who chooses yellow as his / her favorite color and the one who likes it least?,What does the writer say about those who choose yellow as their second, third or fourth color?,Which four adjectives in the paragraph portray negative feelings?,Para. 4,Comprehensi

39、on,What is said about a person who chooses green as his / her favorite color?,Why does a person who likes green want to impress others?,What positive traits does a person who likes green possess?,Para. 5,Comprehension,What is said about two sets of conflicting characteristics that the color violet r

40、epresents?,What type of a person usually likes violet?,What is said about a person who used to like violet but does not like the color any more?,Para. 6,Comprehension,What does the color brown represent?,What is said about a person if he / she chooses brown as the favourite color?,What is said about

41、 people who like brown the least?,Para. 7,Comprehension,What are the characteristics of a person who likes grey the least?,Para. 8,Comprehension,What are three key personality traits of those who choose blue as their favorite color?,What is not good about a person who is sensitive?,What do people wh

42、o like blue want in life?,Para. 9,Comprehension,What are people who choose black as their favorite color likely to do if they are not happy with their life?,According to the writer, what will signify a change?,Para. 10,Activity 1: We usually claim that we know our friends well. For example, we think

43、 that we know what they like to eat, what their hobbies are, what kind of movies they like to watch, and even what some of their personal secrets are. Do we really know our friends that well? In this activity, you will find out how much you know about a friend and how much he / she knows about you.,

44、Optional,Find someone you know to make a team of two. Create a list of 10 questions to ask each other but you should not tell each other your responses or answers. The first two questions have been done for you. Once you have finished making your list, take 5 minutes to fill in the answers. Think of

45、 what your friend will most likely say. Once you have written all the answers, ask each other to check how many items you have correctly written about your friend. The more answers you have gotten correct, the more you know about your friend. (Open.),Optional,Optional,Optional,Activity 2: Think of a

46、 person you know well. He / She could be a family member or a friend. Write down five personality traits that can best describe him / her and give examples to support your description. See the next slide. (Open.),Optional,Optional,Activity 3: Misunderstanding, quarrels and fights can happen because

47、of differences in personality. What are some of the ways that you can think of to help people of different personality types communicate better? Think of incidents that you have come across and tell us how you have handled the situations. See the next slide. (Open.),Optional,Useful Expressions,Usefu

48、l Expressions from Text A,Chinese Equivalences,be summed up in a word,用一个词语来描述,make the effort,付出努力,in general,一般来说,fall into three categories,分成三类,be determined to do,有决心做,throw a party,举办一个聚会,jump up with joy,高兴得跳起来,have an impact on,对有影响,exert a negative effect,产生负面影响,Useful Expressions,Useful Ex

49、pressions from Text B,Chinese Equivalences,be closely related to,与有紧密关系,to some extent,在一定程度上,expand your horizons,扩展你的视野,make the best of your life,充实地度过你的一生,on the way,即将来临,free from worry,没有烦恼,look to the future,向前看,in good shape,身体健康,in total control of your life,对自己人生控制自如,Study the following se

50、ntences that appear in this unit and reflect on the gradable adjectives or adverbs in comparative forms.,Grammar,Grammar,1) A closer look at personalities will show you why they are not so simple(Para. 2, Text A) 2) Actually, personalities are more complex than this. (Para. 2, Text A) 3) One person

51、may prefer spending his spare time in deep thought. Another may be more creative. (Para. 6, Text A) 4) And no one really knows which one has the greater effect. (Para. 8, Text A) 5) People who feel loved and secure are likely to develop more positive personality traits than those who are troubled as

52、 they grow up. (Para. 10, Text A),Grammar,6) On the other hand, some personalities are more pleasing than others. (Para. 11, Text A) 7) For young university students, shaping your personality as you want it to be may be easier now than later(Para. 12, Text A) 8) it indicates that the person choosing

53、 it is more mature and has outgrown the “fantasy” vision of life, confronting harsh reality head-on. (Para. 6, Text B) 9) The less you are fond of blue, the more unsatisfied you are and the more you feel the need to break away from the ties that restrict you. (Para. 9, Text B),Grammar,形容词和副词比较级的用法 可

54、以修饰比较级的词：much, a lot, far 的多；a little, a bit 一点儿；even 甚至；still 仍然。 e.g. Tom looks even younger than before. This train runs much faster than that one. She drives still more carefully than her husband. 2. 比较级常用的句型结构 (1)“比较级+than”表示“比”。 e.g. Tom is taller than Kate.,Grammar,(2) “比较级+than+any other+单数名

55、词”表示“比同一范围的任何一个人 / 物都”，含义是“最”。,e.g.,The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China. =The Yangtze River is longer than any of the other rivers in China. =The Yangtze River is longer than the other rivers in China. =The Yangtze River is the longest river in China.,注意：The Yangtze River is lo

56、nger than any river in Japan.,Grammar,Mike gets to school earlier than any other student in his class. = Mike gets to school earlier than any of the other students in his class. = Mike gets to school earlier than the other students in his class. = Mike gets to school earliest in his class.,注意：Mike g

57、ets to school earlier than any student in Toms class.,e.g.,Grammar,(3) 倍数表达法： Aisthree timesthesize (height,length) ofB. Aisthree timesasbig (high,long) asB. Aisthreetimesbigger (higher,longer) thanB. 用times表倍数通常用于三倍以上，两倍可以用twice或 double。,e.g.,Thenewbuildingisfourtimesthesize(theheight) oftheold one

58、. AsiaisfourtimesaslargeasEurope. Yourschoolisthreetimesbiggerthanours.,Grammar,(4) “the+比较级+of the two”表示“两者中较的”。 Look at the two boys. My brother is the taller of the two. (5) “比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越”。 He is getting taller and taller. The flowers are more and more beautiful. He does his homework more

59、and more carefully. (6) “the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越，越”。 The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes youll make.,e.g.,e.g.,e.g.,Grammar,Now, do the tasks on Pages 162-164 in your textbook.,writing,Write a passage of about 100-120 words according to one of the instructions given on the next slide.,writing,1. Describe a few of your own personality traits. Then identify your favourite colour and see if the descri