Unit-8-Recreational-Activities.ppt

1、Unit 8 Recreational Activities,Part I Lecture Time Assigned,Test A Chinese Theater,Part 1 Reading,1.Study the Words and Proper Names. 2. Study the Language points Shown in This text ：Chinese Theater. 3. try to retell the text .,1.Background knowledge introduction,.Categories of Chinese local opera:

2、There are four main categories of Chinese local opera: Gaoqiang (高腔), Kunqu (昆曲)， Bangzi (梆子)，Pihuang (皮黄) Gaoqiang developed in the early 16th century in I-yang county, Jiangxi Province, and so it also called I-yang qiang. Kunqu system evoloved in Kunshan near the famous cultural center Suzhou, Jia

3、ngsu Province. Kunqu used to be the drama of the educated because it based mainly on earlier forms of literary drama. The Bangzi Opera originated in north China. The Pihuang is actually a combination of two systems, Er-huang and Xipi. By the 18th century, the two were integratedand had achieved cons

4、iderable popularity in several provincial styles. Peking Opera is based on the two styles.,Peking Opera has existed for over 200 years. It is wisely regarded as the highest expression of the chinese culture. It is known as one of the three main theatrical systems in the world. Artistically, Peking O

5、pera is perhaps the most refined form of opera in the world. It has deeply influenced the hearts of the Chinese people. Although it is called Peking Opera, its origins are not in Beijing but in the Chinese provinces of Anhui and Hubei. Peking Opera got its two main melodies, Xipi and Er-huang, from

6、Anhui and Hubei Operas. The repertoire of Peking opera is mainly engaged in fairy tales of preceding dynasties, important historical events, emperors, ministers and generals, geniuses and great beauties, from the ancient times to Yao, Shun, Yu , the Spring and Autumn Period, the Warring States Perio

7、d and the dynasties of Qin, Han, Sui, Tang, Yuan, Ming and Qing.,2. Peking Opera (京剧),生:男性 小生 老生 武生 旦:女性 花旦 刀马旦 老旦 青衣 净:花脸 末:年纪较大男性 丑:丑角 文丑 武丑,3.角色分类,4. 戏曲中色彩的含义,蓝脸的窦尔墩盗御马 红脸的关公战长沙 黄脸的典韦白脸的曹操 黑脸的张飞叫喳喳 喳喳喳喳喳喳喳喳 . makeups, movements, and specific colors of costumes signify the characters age, sex and

8、personality. For example: Yellow clothing represents the emperor Green clothing is for high-ranking officials Purple represents a barbarian A white face suggests an evil character 曹操 A red face shows courage 关羽 A black face is “normal” 包公,Chinese Theater,Chinese theatre stages puppet shows, acrobati

9、c shows and the circus. Folk arts like ballad singing, story-telling, amusing talk, etc. are also among the favorites of Chinese peoples leisure activities. However, the chief form of traditional entertainment in China has perhaps been the operas. Unlike the classical grand opera in the west, Chines

10、e opera is a popular folk art, which was once like village fairs or like a circus. The opera is a mixture of folk songs, acrobatics, dance, clowning, comedy and drama, rather like a street theatre. Today opera has the same basic forms as then. People of any country can understand it because there is

11、 so much action, mime and song in it. China boasts more than 300 forms of traditional opera, most of which are local operas. Each of them differs in tune, style of music and dialect. But the items performed in provincial opera are constant from place to place. The operas can be categorized as wen (c

12、ivilian) and wu (military). The former relates famous love-stories, the latter tales of ancient heroes, especially those of the Three Kingdoms Period. Acrobatics are a particular feature of military operas. In the style of acting, most of the traditional chinese operas have a stylized pattern of per

13、forming. The actor does not give faithful reproduction of real life as it is, but translates it according to a stylized routine. The roles are usually categorized according to sex, age and,types of character. Each type of role follows certain way of acting. For example, Lao sheng is generally a resp

14、ectable gentleman with a long beard and a fine baritone voice. Xiao sheng is often a yong lover or a student. His make-up is like that of a girl and he often speaks in a high-pitched voice. Qingyi is a lady with a falsetto voice who represents either a mistress or a faithful wife. Her movements are

15、graceful and shi sings with her eyes modestly lowered. The nature of each character is often shown through the different colors and patterns of the facial make-up. Among hundreds of local operas, Peking Opera is the most widely enjoyed, which is also called “the national opera”. Other famous operas

16、include Pingju (found mainly in north China), Yueju (Shaoxing Opera in Zhejiang), Yuju(Henan Opera) and Chuanju (Sichuan Opera) .,Test B Traditional Sports and Games,1.Study the Words and Proper Names. 2. Study the Language points shown in this text ： Traditional Sports and Games 3. master the usefu

17、l expressions about sports.,文化背景资料：,太极拳：The Origin of Shadow Boxing shadow boxing (Taijiquan) is one of the famous branches of Chinese martial arts. More than 300 years have passed since its spread at the beginning of the Qing dynasty. Its immense popularity in Beijing around the time of the 1911 Re

18、volution, however, gave rise to the saying that the pugilist art was passed down to the secular world by celestial beings; and, as a result, the date of the origin of shadow boxing was shifted several centuries earlier, from the 17th century to the 15th, 12th and even 8th century. 有氧操： Aerobics Aero

19、bics is a popular system of exercises for overcoming a weight problem and for getting refreshed from a hard days work. This is especially suitable for office workers who have limited opportunity to enjoy fresh air. Aided by television, videos and tapes, aerobic exercises have become a part of their

20、daily existence for many people.,B. Traditional Sports and Games,Traditional sports are an important part of Chinas recreational activities, as well as a precious cultural heritage. Many of the traditional sports activities are not only good for health but also highly artistic, recreational and educ

21、ational. The traditional sports in china amount to about 1,000 kinds. Some are practiced in certain nationalities such as Mongolian wrestling and horsemanship and archery, the Miao peoples swinging, the Zhuang peoples throwing balls made of colored silk, Korean swinging and see-sawing, Manchu skatin

22、g, walking on stilts of the Dong people. And whipping tops of the Yao people. Some are popular among both the Han people and people of national minorities. The famous ones include kicking the shuttlecock, tug-of-war, dragon-boat racing, kite-flying, yangge dancing, and Wushu. Wushu, as a form of rec

23、reational activities, has been pracitised for several thousand years by people in China. People take up Wushu for physical training and self-defense. It is practised in various types of set exercises, either empty-handed or with weapons.,Taijiquan is a branch of Chinese Wushu with a history of three

24、 or four hundred years. This art stresses the concentration on breathing control and the coordination of the movements of the body. It features graceful, gentle and firm movements. As it is suitable for everyone and easy to learn, it has become very popular among both Chinese and foreigners. Apart from the games for physical health, there are several traditional chinese games which exercise the mental faculties. Majiang can be found in cities and towns all over the country