英语写作指导.ppt

1、,（l）运用介词短语,a Instead of writing the letter himself，he asked his friend to do it. b In spite of a growing tolerance of nonstandard variation in speech，standard forms remain the norm for written English c Dogs are able and willing to learn a wide variety of tasks because of their intelligence and devo

2、tion to their owners. d Besides producing cheaper cars，Ford also supplies Americans with better ones year after year.,e Despite their menacing appearance，most reptiles arent really vicious if you leave them alone f. Contrary to the popular belief that leprosy is a thing of the past，there are at leas

3、t 12 million leprosy victims in the world today g. Thanks to（with）the invention of urethane wheels，todays skateboarding knows no limits hFor all its exuberant simplicity， Calders art represents a complex fusion of many elements,（2)运用并列结构,a. The moon was hidden entirely behind the dark clouds and not

4、 a single star could be seen b He had failed many times，yet he was confident that he would succeed in the end c I cleaned the spot on the kitchen floor，but it still looked dirty d We are watering the trees，for we dont have any rain for a month e The children started arguing，so I made them turn off t

5、he TV. f. Girls are jealous of Marry，for Marry is very beautiful and successful,g It is raining heavily，so I will take an umbrella with me h Donna was satisfied neither with her own achievement nor with the teams performance. i The conference on family planning was not attended by women but, much to

6、 our disappointment，only by men j Donna was happy with her achievement but，after three days of intense competition，tired from the struggle k The conference on nuclear energy was attended by students from Stand-ford and，predictably，teachers from Berkeley,(3）运用定语从句,a The torch which symbolizes the con

7、tinuation of the ancient Greek athletic ideas burns throughout the Games until the closing ceremony b These dwarf apple trees，which John Smith planted three years ago，have not born any fruit. c The two screws，which could be used to hold the bicycle frame together, were missing from the assembly kit.

8、 d The tall hedge that surrounded the house muffled the highway noise. e The guests were surprised by their hosts furniture which was made in Italy especially for the new gallery,f. For sixty years Edison was the worlds leading inventor，who patented over a thousand inventions，and all these invention

9、s changed our way of living. g Ludmilla Turkevich，who became a member of the faculty of Princeton University during the Second World War，was known as a translator and scholar in the field of Russian literature h A gust of wind，which began as a faint sigh，suddenly broke the eerie silence The gust of

10、wind which suddenly broke the eerie silence began as a faint sigh,i The Chinese character hao，which means good，combines the symbol for “woman” with the symbol for “boy” The Chinese character hao，which combines the symbol for “woman” with the symbol for “boy”，means good J Walden Pond，which was once p

11、raised by Thoreau for its natural beauty，is now the site of many tourists stands Walden Pond，which is now the site of many tourists stands，was once praised by Thoreau for its natural beauty k Alcohol，a drying agent which evaporates rapidly and therefore has a cooling effect，is frequently used in cos

12、metics,(4）运用分词短语,a Picked 15 times a year，these tea trees grow tired only after 30 or 40 years b、He asked to read the instruction book once more，feeling sure that he was using the instrument improperly c Approaching the island，I noticed a row of newly built houses d A beautiful city filled with flow

13、ers and trees，Beijing reminds us of our home in Provo，Utan，in the heart of Kocky Mountains Beijing，a beautiful city filled with flowers and trees，reminds us of our home in Provo，Utah，in the heart of Kocky Mountains,eDriving without a license，she was arrested and jailed by the sheriff. f. His sons ki

14、lled during the Second World War，lie in cemeteries in France Killed during the Second World War， his sons lie in cemeteries in France g. I spent almost two hours on the phone yesterday，trying to find a garage to repair my car hShe was very happy with the blue sports car she bought for only500，not re

15、alizing until a week later that the car averaged 7 miles a gallon of gas.,i A sudden breeze shot through the window，driving the stuffiness out of the room j The new storm swept from North Dakota through Ohio，sending temperatures plummeting，and piling drifts high across the roads Sweeping from North

16、Dakota through Ohio，the new storm sent temperatures plummeting，and piled drifts high across the roads k Stunned by the bizarre noise he had just heard upstairs，the janitor staggered down the stairway，gasping for air as he hesitantly held on to the banister.,(5)运用同位语短语,a There they were greeted by a

17、woman called Zenobia，a beautiful woman of wealth and position b Photosynthesis，the ultimate source of food for almost all organisms on the earth，is an extremely important process c An even-tempered man，he was nevertheless extremely angry when he heard the news d The news that the Chinese Art Ensembl

18、e were to perform here that night cheered every one of us e Even a brief visit to Greece，a modern gateway to the glory of the past，gives you a profound sense of the roots of our civilization,f. “Mainstreaming”，one of the most controversial public school issues，is the growing practice of integrating

19、physically and mentally handicapped children into regular classes “Mainstreaming”，he growing practice of integrating physically and mentally handicapped children into regular classes，is one of the most controversial public school issues g An excellent，all-round student with a congenial personality，h

20、e is a promising candidate for WOW，an international scholarship program for outstanding women around the world h We must realize our dependence on services over which we have no personal control，services which we accept unthinkingly from dozens of nameless men and women every day,(6）运用独立主格,a he chil

21、dren watched the buses passing through the village，their eyes being bright and eager. b A foreign language being a useful tool in serving the people，we should do our best to have a good command of it. c Everything considered，her plan seems more practicable d She was still fast asleep，her face being

22、towards the wall and her head being buried in her arms e Marie was sitting at her desk，her head slightly over a pile of chemistry notes,f. The evening grew more menacing，he breeze becoming gustier and the whitecaps giving the lake a frothy，sinister appearance g Everything considered，New York is the

23、worlds most exciting city h The room was in chaos，soiled clothes strewn on the floor，cosmetics scattered over the dresser，and empty soda bottles and beer cans littered everywhere,（7)运用主从结构,a. He was so sad that he didnt know what to say or what to do B. When Jack obtained a credit card，he began spen

24、ding money carelessly cWe stayed on the beach until the sun went down dPhysics is offered only in the morning while chemistry can be taken at night. eAs a storm was going to hit the city，we crisscrossed our windows with strong tapes f. Since old students acquire most of their information from readin

25、g，good reading habits are extremely important.,g Although Elizabeth likes chocolate candies and cakes very much，she never eats them on account of her weight problems h After Orville Wright，an American，flew in an airplane safely for the first time on December 17，1903，he made a lot of experiments to i

26、mprove the machine together with his brother. i Although（Though，Even though，While）some species of whales are nearing extinction，many countries refuse to accept even a partial ban on whale hunting Some species of whales are nearing extinction，because（as，since）many countries refuse to accept even a pa

27、rtial ban on whale hunting,J. The Mongol hordes threatened to conquer all Europe until（before） Genghis Khans death forced them to return to Asia Just when the Mongol hordes threatened to conquer all Europe，Genghis Khans death forced them to return to Asia k. If（in case，Provided that，Assuming that）ai

28、r traffic is closely controlled，flying is relatively safe Flying is relatively safe because（since，considering that）air traffic is closely controlled Flying is relatively safe when（whenever，as long as，while，once，where，wherever）air traffic is closely controlled L Nuclear plants are a clean and economi

29、cal way of producing vast amounts of much-needed energy，if local residents are willing to put up with them, it local residents are willing to put up with them，nuclear plants are a clean and economical way of producing vast amounts of much-needed energy. 注意以上两句话由于条件状语位置的不同，整句话的含义也不同。第一句话的语气较为悲观，而第二句话

30、的语气则乐观得多。,(g)运用名词从句，不定式短语，动名词或动名词短语,a. That intelligence tests actually give a measurement of the intelligence of individuals is questioned by some eminent psychologists. bJames giving up smoking caused him to gain weight and become irritable with his acquaintances cRepeated cheating on tests is ris

31、ky and self-defeating dTo write an elaborate paper on economy is my plan this semester. eThe dog s howling and whining all night long kept the whole neighborhood awake,f. Not to plant any crops is the farmers best weapon against low prices gSlighting the value of early detection programs for cancer

32、invites disaster and defeat. To slight the value of early; detection programs for cancer invites disaster and defeat. That you slight the value of early detection programs for cancer invites disaster and defeat. Whoever slights the value of early detection programs for cancer invites disaster and de

33、feat.,(9）根据括号中的要求做联句练习,a. We hung up the print，but the wall still looked bare bThe children started hitting each other，so I made them turn off the TV cWhen I obtained a credit card，I began spending money recklessly dMary put masking tape on her forehead at night，for she wanted to stop wrinkles from

34、forming e. Tom picked up a hitchhiker who was traveling around the world,f. The street which was lined with abandoned buildings had no overhead lights gAlthough Ellen counted the cash three times，the total still didnt tally with the amount on the register tape h. Chained to the fence，the dog was bar

35、king noisily iAnthony Quinn，a Hollywood actor，often appears in European films jThe house at the end of the street is our dormitory k. The dean sent me a letter，which said一should attend summer school. lTo make the grass greener，I fertilize it every spring,10）第一句话成为第二句话的一部分,a His failure to complete t

36、he course spoilt his chances of promotion. b His repeated criticism of the plan exasperated everyone c The public enthusiastic reception of the news surprised no one. d His signing of his fathers name on a check was regarded as forgery. e The partys attempt to seize power by force resulted in disast

37、er. f. The Governments second devaluation of the currency caused a new monetary crisis.,g The workers dissatisfaction with the new wage rate has led to a strike threat h My friends fierce attack on his previously-held conviction left me speechless,（11)构成一个漂亮的英文句子,a. The referee blew his whistle，call

38、ed to the team captains，and dropped the puck to begin the game The referee began the game after he blew his whistle，called to the team captains，and dropped the puck After blowing his whistle，the referee called to the team captains，dropped the puck，and began the game The referee blew his whistle，and

39、calling to the team captains，dropped the puck to begin the game,b The old man died on his way home from the woods，where he had worked all of a damp，dismal，and cold winter day After working all day in winter woods that were damp，dismal and cold，the old man died on his way home On his way home from wo

40、rking in the woods on a dampdismal，and cold winter day，the old man died. c Tennis doubles is a games of maneuvers，of feints and finesse and of unexpected advances and sudden retreats，all designed to win points by surprising the opposition. In the game of tennis doubles，maneuvers like faints and fine

41、sse or unexpected advances and sudden retreats are designed to surprise the opposition to win points,d. We arrived by plane from Dover，a 16-minute flight that culminated in a breathtaking but smooth touchdown at a tiny airport，tucked in among the Rocky Mountains We arrived by plane from Dover，a 16-m

42、inute flight culminating in a smooth yet breathtaking touchdown at a tiny airport that was tucked in among the Rocky Mountains e. The residents of a Manhattan cooperative apartment have erected a windmill on its rooftop，which produces two kilowatts of electricity when winds are blowing at 20 miles per hour，enough for twenty 100-watt bulbs On the rooftop of a cooperative apartment building in Manhattan，residents have erected a windm