What Body Language Can Tell You That Words Cannot(肢体语言)课件

1、Lesson Five TEXT What Body Language Can Tell You That Words Cannot Interview with David Givens, Anthropologist By David Givens,1,PPT学习交流,Title analysis,head,NP,postmodifier,nominal clause,that words cannot (tell you),What body language can tell you,restrictive relative clause,BL,W,Nonverbal language

2、,Verbal language,2,PPT学习交流,Message,Speaker 1,Verbal language,Communication,Non-verbal language,Verbal I want hard cash. I dont want verbal praise; I want money.,21,PPT学习交流,Pigeon-toe (toe in),22,PPT学习交流,expansive gestures,Expansive gestures: outstretching gestures (suggesting boldness, openness, and

3、 unconstrainedness) (Ant.) Shrinking gestures,23,PPT学习交流,2.3 Some other universal nonverbal signals (Q/A 5),Q. What are some other universal nonverbal signals? A. One is an automatic raising of the eyebrows that a person does when he or she meets someone else. It takes place very quickly at the inst

4、ant when recognition takes place, and it is a natural and universal form of greeting. Another obvious cue is known as the hand behind head, which signals uncertainty or stress. When someone is disturbed or startled by something, the first reaction is to reach up and touch the back of the head. It is

5、 a totally unconscious reflex. About 125 nonverbal signals of this type have been cataloged as recognizable.,24,PPT学习交流,3. The nature of nonverbal language (Q/A 6),Q. Where do we get mannerisms such as these? Are they learned as a part of our culture? A. No, they are almost entirely inborn. Nonverba

6、l behavior occurs naturally, without being taught, and even shows up in newborn infants and in lower animals. It is firmly grounded in evolutionary development. Its something that Mother Nature provides to help us get along with each other. Nonverbal communication is also what we call culture-free:

7、it applies worldwide. People can go anywhere and understand these signals, even if they dont know the spoken language.,25,PPT学习交流,26,PPT学习交流,27,PPT学习交流,“In” is used to denote a particular characteristic or quality someone possesses: You can feel helpfulness even in these small children. I hate the h

8、ypocrisy in him. There was a certain dryness in her voice.,in lower animals,28,PPT学习交流,-free: independent from; without e.g., culture-free (vs. culture-bound) sugar-free care-free tuition-free bias-free,-free,29,PPT学习交流,4. Nonverbal language of courtship (Q/A 7),Q. Is courtship one of the situations

9、 that is strongly influenced by nonverbal skills? A. Yes. In fact, early courtship is almost entirely made up of nonverbal actions. Men and women unconsciously shrug their shoulders when they find each other attractive. It is an I give up signal, almost a childlike gesture that shows they are harmle

10、ss. Early courtship is filled with shy, juvenile, awkward behavior between the man and the woman. A woman attracted to a man will tilt her head down and to the side, then look in his direction in a coy or coquettish way. A man at a party or at a bar will stake out his territory by putting cigarettes

11、 or cash in front of him, to show females his status relative to other men.,30,PPT学习交流,to stake a claim on/to/for/over sth to stake sth out,to publicly claim ownership of sth (by erecting a stake),31,PPT学习交流,4.1 Refusal to courtship (Q/A 8),Q. What if a woman decides that she isnt interested in a ma

12、ns overtures? A. The simplest gesture is simply to turn her body away from him. Its the cold shoulder, one of the most recognizable gestures in the entire animal kingdom. It is really one of the kindest yet most effective ways to dampen someones ardor. And men can use it, too.,Women could be moody a

13、nd elusive.,32,PPT学习交流,overture,Overtures: (usu. plural) gestures intended to elicit a favorable response; introductory/preliminary proposal or offer 示好、提议、提案 She spurned the overtures of marriage made by a man she despised. The government is making peace overtures. He made overtures to his father f

14、or reconciliation.,33,PPT学习交流,The cold shoulder,Cold shoulder: cool reception Give sb the cold shoulder or turn a cold shoulder to sb: treat sb in a cold, indifferent manner, especially by refusing to speak to or meet him I didnt expect to be greeted by such a cold shoulder. I got the cold shoulder

15、at the office today. As soon as it became clear that he was likely to topple from his position as committee chairman, his so-called friends started giving him the cold shoulder.,34,PPT学习交流,The animal kingdom,The natural world,The animal kingdom,The plant kingdom,The mineral kingdom,35,PPT学习交流,Dampen

16、 ones ardor,Dampen ones ardor: depress /subdue ones (love) passion Cf. throw cold water on sbs burning enthusiasm (for love),36,PPT学习交流,5. Touch (Q/A 9),Q. Would you include touching in the vocabulary of nonverbal communication? A. Yes. And it should be used very carefully. Skin is our oldest sense

17、organ, and when it is touched by someone it carries a strong emotional impact. It is a very sexually loaded form of communication. In a business or social setting, a casual touch can be almost electric, even in a professional relationship. When someone is touched, he or she immediately stops for an

18、instant and wonders, What did that mean? In such settings, hands off is the best policy because even a well-intentioned touch can be badly misconstrued.,37,PPT学习交流,ly loaded: ly filled, ly laden sexually loaded: filled/laden with sexual information/meaning emotionally loaded: filled/laden with emoti

19、on derogatorily loaded: filled/laden with derogatory implication laudatorily loaded: filled/laden with laudatory implication casual: offhand, haphazard (不经意的) electric: thrilling, provocative, causing strong emotional excitement,38,PPT学习交流,Presentation,Nonverbal language of shyness,39,PPT学习交流,Debate

20、,Speaking dialects vs. Speaking Putonghua,40,PPT学习交流,President Barack Obama Speaks at Hankuk University,41,PPT学习交流,President Obamas national address to Americas school children,42,PPT学习交流,A Function of nonverbal communication,Concealing: hiding Do we Chinese, more often than not, exploit nonverbal a

21、s well as verbal communication for hiding our true selves?,43,PPT学习交流,Presentation 1,Gender/sex differences in communication (交际的性别差异),44,PPT学习交流,Translation (p. 86),1. They made an experiment to adapt this variety of shrimp to fresh water. 2. Sawdust can be compressed into boards. 3. In what/which

22、direction does the river flow? 4. What if you go instead of me? 5. I was just about to touch the machine, while the man called out “Hands off!”,45,PPT学习交流,Translation (p. 86),6. Thoughts are expressed by means of words. 7. By contrast, James is much more frank and out-spoken/more straightforward. 8.

23、 The teacher blamed/reproached/criticized the boy in the presence of the (whole) class. 9. What if we invite your mother next week? 10. The fisherman saved himself by means of a floating log.,46,PPT学习交流,Translation (p. 87),1. The pilot told /informed the passengers to fasten their seat belts for the

24、y/the plane would soon be approaching the runway. 2. Lets approach the chief engineer and see what he thinks. /Lets approach the chief engineer for his point of view. 3. In his book he approaches the issue from a totally different point of view. 4. We can paint/draw an arrow here to indicate the rig

25、ht path. 5. A sneeze doesnt always /necessarily indicate a cold. 6. There are clear indications that the war will soon be over.,47,PPT学习交流,Translation (p. 87),7. Jane dominated (throughout) the conversation. 8. The dominant influence in/on her life came from her father. / It was her father who exerc

26、ised the dominant influence on her life. 9. The island was under the domination of Britain/under British domination. 10. They immediately recognized her voice. 11. He is internationally recognized as an authority in this field/on this subject. 12. He won public recognition of/for his services to science. / His contributions to science have won him public recognition.,48,PPT学习交流,IV. Grammar A (p. 88),1. has just returned. ; will ask 2. did not sing.; had had to go would not sing; had to go 3. are always changing; dont you leave. 4. shall I do? 5. ha