定语从句讲解修改.ppt

1、The attributive clause 定语从句 ,要了解定语从句，我们先得明白定语是啥， a pretty girl a girl in red a girl standing in the plat form a girl who is standing in the platform is lucky,什么是定语从句呢？,修饰前面某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 结构：先行词+关系词+从句 The man who lives next to us is a 先行词 关系词 定语从句 policeman.缺主语】 注意：1.被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语或

2、宾语或表语或状语 2.从句必须缺少成分：主语或宾语或表语或状语,Match the two sentences：,1. Im reading a book. The book is about Bill Gates. 2. He is a teacher. The teacher teaches us Chinese. 3. I dont like the man. He is smoking. 4. Where is the picture? You bought last week.,答案,1. Im reading a book that/which is about Bill Gate

3、s. 2. He is a teacher who/that teaches us Chinese. 3. I dont like the man who is smoking. 4. Where is the picture that you bought last week.,定语从句的关系词,关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose 关系副词：when, where, why 注意： 关系代词： 指物：that, which 指人：who, that, whom,关系代词that, which引导的定语从句:,如果先行词是表示物的名词或代词，关系代词应用tha

4、t, which.,Which/that作主语。,This is a dream. The dream will never come true. This is a dream which/that will never come true. which is for sale. 2. The book which is lying on the floor is mine.,Which/that作宾语：,This is the card. Ive just received the card. This is the card Ive just received. 作宾语 Practise

5、: This is the mistake which/that I always make. I still keep the letters which she wrote to me. I lost the pen which my father bought me.,关系代词that, who,whom引导的定语从句:,如果先行词是表示人的名词或代词，关系代词应用that, who whom,Who/that作主语不可以省略,This is the film star. This film star is very popular in China. This is the film

6、star who/that is very popular in China. The boy who broke yhe window is called Roy. Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting yesterday? The girl who is watering the flowers is my cousin.,Who/whom/that作宾语可以省略,The man is a famous writer. He described the man just now. The man he described just now

7、 is a famous writer. The boy who Im looking for is my friend. The thief has been sent to prison. The police caught the thief last night. The thief whom the police caught last night has been sent to prison.,小结：,that既可指人，也可指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略。 Which指物，作主语，不能省略；作宾语，可以省略。 Who指人，作主语，不能省略；作宾语可以省略， 注：当关系代

8、词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词形式由先行词定。,I, who exhausted, cant help you. He is the only one in his class who _ (have) got the teachers praise. He is one of the students in his class who _ (have) got the teachers praise.,has,have,注：定语从句中的谓语动词,关系词在定语从句中做主语时，谓语动词的数取决于先行词。,am,1.The woman who is talking to my moth

9、er is a friend of hers. 2. The boy whom we met in the street yesterday is my classmate. 3. Miss Wang is taking care of the child whose parents have gone to Beijing. 4. The knife which we used to cut the bread is very sharp. 5. This is one of the most interesting films that have impressed me. 6. Can

10、you pass me the book whose cover is green?,主语,宾语,定语,宾语,主语,指人,指物,定语,有时只能用that,不用 which，常见的情况有五种：,当先行词是all, any, few, little, none, anything, everything, nothing, everybody, nobody, everyone, no one或被它们修饰时。 That is all that I know. Is there anything that I can do for you? He answered few questions tha

11、t the teacher asked. 2. 当先行词前有形容词最高级或序数词时 That is the most interesting book that I have ever read.,The first thing that I should do is to review my lessons.,3. The very, the only, the same Thats the only thing that I can do now. These are the very words that he used. 4. 当主句以who或which开头时，定语从句的关系词用tha

12、t,而不用which或 who. Who is the girl that spoke to you just now? Which is the pen that you lost?,5. 先行词同时包括人或物时，关系词用that. The man and his dog that I always meet are standing by the gate.,关系代词作表语,China is no longer the country that it was 30 years ago. It is no longer the beautiful city that it was. I am

13、 no longer the person that I used to be.,Whose在定语从句中永远作定语，表示所属关系，既可指人也可指物。,The boy is my classmate. The boys father is a policeman. The boy whose father is a policeman is my classmate.,A child _parents are dead is called an orphan. A. Who B. whose C. whos D. which,注意,Whose指物时可以相当于of which, of which

14、可以放在先行词前也可以放在先行词之后。而whose只能放在先行词之前。例如： The house whose windows are broken is unoccupied. 总结：whose=the+ n.+ whom/which=of whom/which the+ n,Its an invention which/that is used for keeping off the rain. Its a book that/which was written by Tom. Its the wall that/which was built by Chinese people. Its

15、an animal that/which_ 注：定语从句要翻译成“的”,例句赏析 which B. when; whichC. which; that D. when; who,D,B,5. Dont talk about such things of _ you are not sure. A. which B. what C. as D. those 6. Is this the factory _ you visited the other day? that B. where C. in which D. the one 7. The wolves hid themselves in

16、the places _ couldnt be found. A. that B. where C. in which D. in that 8. The freezing point is the temperature _water changes into ice. A. at which B. on that C. in which D. of what 9. Is this factory _ some foreign friends visited last Friday? A. that B. where C. which D. the one,C,A,A,A,D,10. Is

17、this the factory _ he worked ten years ago? A. that B. where C. which D. the one 11. The reason is _ he is unable to operate the machine. A. because B. why C. that D. whether 12. Ill tell you _ he told me last week. all which B. that C. all that D. which 13. That tree, _ branches are almost bare, is

18、 very old. A. whose B. of which C. in which D. on which 14. I have bought the same dress _ she is wearing. A. as B. that C. which D. what,B,C,C,A,A,15. Were talking about the piano and the pianist _ were in the concert we attended last night. A. which B. whom C. who D. that 16. The girl _ an English

19、 song in the next room is Toms sister. A. who is singing B. is singing C. sang D. was singing 17. Those _ not only from books but also through practice will succeed. A. learn B. who C. that learns D. who learn 18. Anyone _ this opinion may speak out. A. that against B. that against C. who is against

20、 D. who are against,D,A,D,C,19. Didnt you see the man _? A. I nodded just now B. whom I nodded just now C. I nodded to him just now D. I nodded to just now 20. Can you lend me the novel _ the other day? A. that you talked B. you talked about it C. which you talked with D. you talked about 21. Is the

21、re anything _ to you? A. that is belonged B. that belongs C. that belong D. which belongs,D,D,B,22. - “How do you like the book?” - “Its quite different from _ I read last month.” A. that B. which C. the one D. the one what 23. Mr. Zhang gave the textbook to all the pupils except _ who had already t

22、aken them. A. the ones B. ones C. some D. the others 24. The train _ she was traveling was late. which B. where C. on which D. in that 25. He has lost the key to the drawer _ the papers are kept. A. where B. in which C. under which D. which,C,A,C,B,26. Antarctic _ we know very little is covered with

23、 thick ice all the year round. A. which B. where C. that D. about which 27. Its the third time _ late this month. A. that you arrived B. when you arrived C. that youve arrived D. when youve arrived 28. It was in 1969 _ the American astronaut succeeded in landing on the moon. A. that B. which C. when

24、 D. in which,D,C,A,29. May the fourth is the day _ we Chinese people will never forget. A. which B. when C. on which D. about which 30. We are going to spend the Spring Festival in Guangzhou, _ live my grandparents and some relatives. A. which B. that C. who D. where,A,D,31. The hotel _ during our h

25、olidays stands by the seaside. A. we stayed at B. where we stayed at C. we stayed D. in that we stayed 32. Is it in that factory _ “Red Flag” cars are produced? A. in which B. where C. which D. that,A,D,33. (10, 四川卷10). After graduating from college, I took some time off to go travelling, _ turned o

26、ut to be a wise decision. that B. which C. when D. where 34. (10, 天津卷8). Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut? You should try the barbers _ I go. Its only 15. as B. which C. where D. that,B,C,35 (10, 全国I 24). As a child, Jack studied in a village school, _ is named after his grandfa

27、ther. which B. Where C. What D. that 36. (10,全国II 16). I refuse to accept the blame for something _ was someone elses fault. who B. that C. as D. what 37. (10, 北京卷27). Children who are not active or_ diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly. A. what B. whose C. which D. that,A,B,B,38. (10, 江西卷31

28、) The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister_ she would stay for an hour. A. where B. who C. which D. what 39. (10, 山东卷24). Thats the new machine _ parts are too small to be seen. A. that B. which C. whose D. what 40. (10, 陕西卷11). The old temple _ roof was damaged

29、 in storm is now under repair. A. where B. which C. its D. whose,A,C,D,practise,Translation: Tom was late for school a third time, which made her teacher very angry. He suddenly became wealthy, which changed his whole mode of life. 他忽然变得富有了，这改变了他的生活方式。,定语从句选关系词的方法：,1.限制性定语从句中，关系代词做宾语时可以省略；2、做题中首先要分清

30、主句与从句；3、分析从句中缺少什么成分；4、再看先行词是人，还是物；5、在此基础上，再下结论；6、还要注意关系代词做主语时动词变形跟先行词统一。,定语从句选关系词的方法：例子,e.g 1. Thisisthefan。 Iborroweditfrommyclassmate. Thisisthefan_Iborrowedfrommyclassmate. 做题思路：1）分清主从句2）分析从句中少什么成分少宾语限制性定语从句中做宾语可以省略3）分析先行词是人还是物-是物4）结论是that或which也可以省略,定语从句选关系词的方法：例子,Thisisthefan_Iborrowedfrommycla

31、ssmate.(that/which) e.g.2. Themanisaprofessor.Heisgivingusatalk. Theman _ isgivingusatalkisaprofessor. 做题思路：1）分清主从句 2）分析从句中少什么成分少主语做主语不可以省略 3）分析先行词是人还是物-是人 4）结论是that/who是否可以省略。,Exercise3,October 1,1949 is the day_ the PRC was founded. A. which B. when C. that D. on that 2. Is that the reason_ you ar

32、e for the plan. A. which B. what C. why D. for that 3. Is this the place_ you were born? A. which B. where C. what D. that,Exercise4,1. Is this the place_ you were born? A. which B. where C. what D. that 2. Is this the place_ some German friends visited last year? A. which B. where C. what D. why,Ex

33、ercise5,1 The house_ the famous writer bought many years ago is a museum now. that B. where C. what D. why 2. The house_ the famous writer wrote his works is a museum now. A. which B. where C. what D. that,Exercise6,5. He told her the reason_ why he is unhappy, but she doesnt believe the reason_ he

34、gives her. A. why; why B. why; which C. that; why D. which; why,答案,B; has big nose. EX1. 1 that/who 2. which/that 3. who/that 4. which/that 5. whose 6. whose 7. which 8. that EX2 1,2,3,4,5,都是that EX3 1. B 2. C 3. B EX4. B. A EX5. B. A EX6. D,总结：引导定语从句的关系词,指代人 指代事物 所属关系 指地点 指时间 指原因,who, whom, that wh

35、ich, that whose where when why,关系代词,关系副词,在从句中做主、宾、表,在从句中做状语,定语从句2009-2011年高考题,1. Whenever I met her, _ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile. (09山东24) A. who B. which C. when D. that 2.She brought with her three friends, none of I had ever met before. (09宁夏海南28) A. them B. who C. whom

36、D. these,3.Because of the financial crisis, days are gone _ _ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night. (09江苏23) A. if B. when C. which D. since 4.A person _ e-mail account is full wont be able to send or receive any e-mails. (09天津5) A. who B. whom C. whose D. whoever,5.Gun control is a

37、subject Americans have argued for a long time. (09陕西11) A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which 6.Mozarts birthplace and the house _ he composed The Magic Flute are both museums now (09上海34) A. where B. when C. there D. which,7.The house I grew up _ has been taken down and replaced by

38、 an office building.(09江西26) A. in it B. in C. in that D. in which 8.Shell never forget her stay there _ _ she found her son who had gone missing two years before.(09四川20) A. that B. which C. where D. when,9.Theyve won their last three matches. _I find a bit surprising (09辽宁23) A. that B. when C. wh

39、at D. which 10.Its helpful to put children in a situation they can see themselves differently. (09福建24) A. that B. when C. which D. where,11.I have reached a point in my life _ I am supposed to make decisions of my own. A. whichB. whereC. how D. why 12.Life is like a long race _we compete with other

40、s to go beyond ourselves. (09重庆34) A. why B. what C. thatD. where,13.I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind. A. which B. of which C. that D. whose 14.My friend showed me round the town, was very kind of him. (09全国17) A.

41、whichB. that C. where D. it,2010年高考题,15. What do you think of teacher ,Bob？(09北京26) I find it fun and challenging. It is a job _ you are doing something serious but interesting . A. where B. whichC. when D. that 1.Stephen Hawking believes that earth is unlikely to be the only planet life has develop

42、ed gradually. （10福建24） A. thatB. whereC. whichD. whose,2. Ive become good friends with several of the students in my school I met in the English speech contest last year. （10湖南28） A. whoB. whereC. whenD. which 3. The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister _ she wo

43、uld stay for an hour. A whereB whoC whichD what,4. Thats the new machine _ parts are too small to be seen. （10山东24） A. thatB. which C. whoseD. What 5. Wind power is an ancient source of energy we may return in the near future. （10山东38） A. on whichB. by whichC. to which D. from which,6. Can you belie

44、ve I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut?（10天津8） You should try the barbers I go. Its only 15. A. asB. whichC. whereD. that 7After graduating from college，I took some time off to go travelling， turned out to be a wise decision AthatBwhichCwhenDwhere,8. As a child , Jack studied in a village school ,

45、_ is named after his grandfather. （10全国24） A. which B. where C. what D. that 9.The newly built caf, the walls of_ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, specially after hard work. （10江苏32） A. that B. it C. what D. which,10. The old temple _ roof was damaged in storm is now under

46、 repair. （陕西11） A. where B. which C. its D. Whose 11 I refuse to accept the blame for something _was someone elses fault. .（10全国16） A. who B. that C. as D. what,12. My mother was so proud of all _（我所做的）that she rewarded me with a trip to Beijing. (do)（10湖北77） 13. _(正如我们强调的那样)many times, “serve the p

47、eople” is our first policy. (stress) 14. Children who are not active or diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly. （北京27） A. whatB. whoseC. whichD. that,15. In china, the number of cities is increasing _development is recognized across the world. （重庆28） A. where B. whichC. whoseD. that 16The sett

48、lement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of left their village homes for a better life in the city. AwhomBwhich CthemDthose,2011年高考题,1. The prize will go to the writer _ story shows the most imagination. (2011全国卷I) 31. A. thatB. whichC. whoseD. what 2. Ted came for the weekend wearing only some s

49、horts and a T-shirt, _ is a stupid thing to do in such weather. （2011全国卷II）7. A. this B. that C. whatD. which,3. Mary was much kinder to Jack than she was to the others, _, of course, make all the others upset. （2011北京卷）26. A. who B. which C. whatD. that 4. 39. Youll find taxis waiting at the bus st

50、ation _ you can hire to reach your host family. (2011上海卷) A. which B. whereC. when D. as,5.）32.The old town has narrow streets and small houses _are built close to each other. （2011山东卷 A. theyB. whereC. whatD. that 6. She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction _had taken more than t

51、hree years. （2011江西卷）34. A. for whichB. with whichC. of which D. to which,7. Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _ the audience can buy ice-cream. （2011江苏卷24.） A. when B. whereC. that D. which 8. Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator, _ it will keep for two or three weeks. （2011安徽卷28.） A. when B. whichC. where D. while,9. English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of _ uses it somewhat differently. （2011浙江卷） A. whichB. what C. them D. those 10. A bank