定语状语讲解Microsoft PowerPoint 演示文稿.ppt

1、定语讲解,英语中的定语是用来修饰名词或代词的句子成分, 通常为了说明被修饰的性质与特征, 常用来作定语的有形容词、名词、代词、数词、副词、动词、不定式、动词- ing、过去分词、介词短语及从句。定语的位置有两种, 一是置于被修饰的词前, 叫前置定语。二是置于被修饰词之后, 叫后置定语。,一、使用前置定语的情况,1. 形容词作前置定语。例如: She give me a sweet smile. 但是，形容词作定语修饰以- thing/body结尾的复合不定代词时要后置。例如:I will tell you something interesting . 我将告诉你一些有趣的事情。Anybody

2、 young wishes to enter the army.任何年轻人都希望参军。 2.名词作前置定语。例如: There are thirty women teachers in our school.我们学校有三十位女教师。 3. 代词作前置定语。例如: This coat is too big for me , show me another one.这件衣服对我来说太大了, 请再给我一件衣服。 4. 数词前置定语。例如: I enjoyed that story book , Id like to read it a second time.我非常喜欢那本故事书, 我愿意再读一遍。

3、 5. 动词- ing作前置定语。例如: Do you know the crying girl on the swimming pool? 你认识那位在游泳池边哭的女孩吗? 6. 过去分词作前置定语。例如: The speaking boy is practicing spoken English. 讲话的那个男孩正在练习英语口语。,二、使用后置定语的情况,( 一) 副词作后置定语 例如:On my way home , I found a wallet with a lot of money in it.在回家的路上, 我捡到一个装有很多钱的钱夹子。 The young man upsta

4、irs often comes home very late. 楼上的那位年轻人常回家很晚。 ( 二) 介词短语作后置定语 例如:Players from the six countries met together in friendly contests.来自六个国家的运动员聚集在一起进行友谊比赛。 The man in charge of the company is her mother.负责公司的人是她的妈妈。 May the friendship between our two peoples last forever! 祝我们两国人民的友谊万古长青! ( 三) 非谓语动词作后置定

5、语 1.动词不定式作定语时要后置。例如: He said there was nothing to worry about . 他说没有什么好忧虑的事情。 I cant decide which pen to buy .我决定不了买哪支刚笔。 2.分词( 或短语) 作修饰语时要后置。例如: The student reading the newspaper comes from Japan.看报的那位学生来自日本。The bike being repaired by the worker is made in Shanghai.工人正在修的这辆自行车是上海生产的。 ( 五) 句子作后置定语 如

6、果是一个句子修饰名词或代词时, 句子后置就形成了我们学习的定语从句。例如:The man who is talking to a foreigner is my brother.正在同一位外国人谈话的人是我的弟弟。,状语讲解,状语的功用：状语说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方向、程度、方式和伴随状况等。状语一般由副词、介词短语、分词和分词短语、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来担当。其位置一般放在句末，但也可放在句首或句中。如：She feels very happy. （副词 very 修饰形容词 happy）She goes to work early. （副词 early 修饰动词

7、go）I bought a bike yesterday.（副词 yesterday 表示时间）也可以说 Yesterday, I bought a bike.I looked at the young man and the young woman angrily （副词 angrily 表示方式）The young people will meet them at the station. （副词短语 at the station 表示地点）如果一个句子中同时包含一种以上的副词时，地点副词一般位于通常位于方式之后，时间之前。如：Bobara read quietly in her room

8、 all afternoon.,练习：划分句子成分,1.They are working on the farm now. 2.Seeing is believing 3.All of us like Kobe Bryant very much 4.She became a doctor in 1998 5.The book lying on the floor are mine 6.Suddenly it begins to rain 7.To catch the train ,I got up early yesterday 8.I always find her happy 9.He w

9、onders If I still study English 10.The letter which I received the day before yesterday was a friend of mine 11.We always work hard at English.,11.We always work hard at English. 12.He said he didnt come. 13.They love each other. 14.What did you buy? 15.She watched her daughter playing the piano. 16.Your job today is to help the old. 17.Speaking doesnt mean doing. 18.By the time I got to the stati