阅读理解训练指导课件33.ppt

1、1. Did you ever hear a strange sound coming from the wall? Did it sound like a clock? If so, it may have been made by a beetle. Long ago people thought the ticking meant that someone was about to die. Thus the beetle is called the deathwatch beetle. The sound of this beetle _. A. pleased people. B.

2、surprised people. C. frightened people. D. excited people.,Practice:,2. It is said that people should take a lesson from the clock. The clock passes the time by keeping its hands busy. People who do what the clock does also pass the time by keeping their hands busy and not by sleeping the time away.

3、 You can tell that busy people:_ A. act like clocks. B. sleep the time away. C. dont do what clocks do. D. dont have hands.,3. It is fun to turn over a big rock on the beach. Make sure you turn the rock back to the position it was in after you moved it. If you dont turn it back over, all the sea ani

4、mals under it or clinging to（依附）the underside will die. You can tell that rocks _. A. hurt sea animals B. protect sea animals C. wont be found on beaches D. cant be found on beaches,1. We can infer(推断）from the passage that _ . 2.The story suggests(暗示）that _ . 3.We can conclude(得出结论）from the passage

5、that _ . 4.Which of the following might / probably happened later ? 5.From the passage we can tell / learn _ . 6.The writer of the passage considers it _ . 7. Which of the following indicates / implies_?,Question forms:,Another source of knowledge is the vast store of traditional practices handed do

6、wn from father to son, or mother to daughter, of old country customs, of folklore. All this is very difficult for a college student to examine, for much knowledge and personal experience is needed here to separate good plants from wild grass. The college student should learn to realize and remember

7、how much of real value science has found in this wide, confused wilderness and how often scientific discoveries of what had existed in this area long age. Q： In the last paragraph the phrase “this wide, confused wilderness” refers to _. A. personal experience B. wild weeds among good plants C. the i

8、nformation from the parents D. the vast store of traditional practices,解题技巧推理判断题,Once there was something wrong with a machine in a factory. The workers could do nothing but turn to a German engineer for help, who drew a line on it and said, “Take off the part where the line is and change it for a n

9、ew one. ”The machine, with a new line on, began running well again. The engineer then asked for $ 30,000 for what he had done. The following were what he wrote on a bill, “The new part only costs one dollar, and knowing where the problem with the machine is costs $ 29,999.”,（ ）What can you conclude

10、from this passage? A. the engineer asked for too much money B. the workers should pay the money C. the knowledge is worth money D. the new part could cost more,这篇短文是作者讲的一个故事，那么通过这个故事我们可以判断出什么呢？虽然作者没有言明，但是我们可以断定，发现问题的所在需要智慧和知识，知识是创造价值的源泉，因此此题的正确答案应为C。,Some people are never right. They never have good

11、 luck. They usually do the wrong thing and say the wrong thing. And even if what they say or do is OK， they as a rule say it or do it at the wrong time. So these people always have problems. They often break dishes. They sometimes miss buses and airplanes. Mr Neff is different. He is always right. H

12、e is never wrong. He usually has good luck. He seldom has problems. He never breaks dishes. He never misses buses or airplanes.,Even if he does miss them， it is always the fault of the buses or air planes. Mr. Neff knows almost everything. He doesnt ask questions；he answers questions. He never says，

13、“I dont know.”,Q： Which of the following best describes the writers attitude towards Mr. Neff? A. He finds Mr. Neff hard to understand B. He thinks Mr. Neff wonderful C. He feels pity for Mr. Neff D. He does not like Mr. Neff,One day a man walked into a pet shop and said to the shop assistant，“I nee

14、d two small mice and about five dozen roaches(蟑螂) and two spiders.” “What do you need these things for?” the shop assistant was very surprised. “Well，”replied the man，“Im moving out of my apartment and the landlord insists that I should leave the house in exactly the same condition as I found it.” Q

15、： The passage suggests that when the writer moved into the house， it was _. A. very clean B. just cleaned by the landlord C. tidy and comfortable D. dirty and full of insects,归纳总结,How do we sum up something from a passage?,How do we sum up something from a passage,Topic sentence he shielded the floc

16、ks of sheep and the fields of grain. Athena was the warrior goddess, standing in shining armor ready to protect the Greek cities. There were other gods as well, all with familiar human characteristics, but these were the leading gods. A) The Gods of the Ancient Greeks B) The Legend of the Sky God Ze

17、us C) Beliefs of the Ancient Greeks D) Religions of the Past,该问题中, B只是文中提到的一个具体内容, 作为主题思想面太窄了。C和D是泛指, 面太宽。只有A才概括了全文要说明的问题, 是全文的主题。,练中学,要学会借助文章的结构来把握中心思想。段落中心思想常常由主题句( Topic sentence)来表达。主题句常常出现在段首或段尾处, 有时也在段落中间。同样, 一篇文章的中心思想也常常在开始段或结尾段点出。因此, 在阅读中, 我们要对文章的开始段和结尾段及段落的主题句给予特别的注意。Find the topic sentence

18、:,例6：English is clearly an international language. It is spoken by pilots and airport control operators on all the airways of the world. Over 70 percent of the worlds radio programs are in English.,本段主题句为首句, 其后的内容均说明首句。,练中学,Let us consider how voice training may contribute to personality development

19、 and an improved social adjustment. In the first place, it has been fairly well established that individuals tend to become what they believe other people think them to be. When people react more favorably toward us because our voices convey the impression that we are friendly, competent, and intere

20、sting, there is a strong tendency for us to develop those qualities in our personality. If we are treated with respect by others, we soon come to have more respect for ourselves. Then, too, ones own consciousness of having a pleasant, effective voice of which he does not need to be ashamed contribut

21、es materially to a feeling of poise（泰然自若）, self-confidence, and a just pride in himself. A good voice, like good clothes can do much for an ego（自我） that otherwise might be inclined to droop（萎靡）. The title that best expresses the ideas of this passage is:A) Our Ego B) The Reflection of Our Personalit

22、y C) How to Acquire a Pleasant Voice D) Voice Training in Personality Development,另外, 要特别注意上例中提到的in the first place, then , if 等连接语, 这些连接语能帮助我们把握文章内容的编排方式, 领会文章的要点, 准确全面地理解文章。,作者一开始就说明发声训练对个性发展和人的社会化可能产生的作用。接着, 分别由in the first place 及then 引出两个具体的方面展开讨论。第一个要点下又分别由when 和if 引出两个细节加以论证。结尾一句总括全段, 与首句呼应。不

23、难看出, 主题句是第一句, 正确答案应选D。,练中学,主题句也会出现在段尾。作者先摆出事实依据, 层层推理论证, 最后自然得出结论, 即段落的主题。,Some students prefer a strict teacher who tells them exactly what to do. Others prefer to be left to work on their own. Still others like a democratic discussion type of class. No one teaching method can be devised to satisfy

24、 all students at the same time.,本段的中心思想在结尾句得到体现,它是此段内容的结论。,练中学,If you were planning to buy a television set, the following advertisement would certainly attract your attention: Color TV, only $79. Two-day sale. Hurry. However, when you go to the store ready to buy, you may discover that the advertis

25、ed sets are sold out. But the salesman is quick to reassure you that he has another model, a more reliable set which is just right for you. It costs $359. This sales tactic is called bait and switch. Buyers are baited with a sales offer, and then they are switched to another more costly item. Buying

26、 items on sale requires careful consideration of the merchandise（商品）and the reasons for the sale. 1. Which sentence best expresses the main idea? A) The customer must be on his guard when purchasing items on sale.B) Color television sets which sell for $79 are sold out quickly. C) Many stores use th

27、e bait and switch technique to attract customers.D) Anyone planning to buy a television set should look for a sale.2. The paragraph could be entitled _.A) Buyer Beware B) Closeout Sale C) Crime Pays D) Buying a TV Set,作者从一则电视机的广告入手, 介绍了降价推销的惯用手段, 称为 “bait and switch”（廉售某种不打算出卖的商品, 意在诱人购买昂贵的物品）。最后笔锋一

28、转, 点出作者的真正意图, 即本段的主题句, 告诫人们在购买降价商品时要警惕中圈套。,练中学,有些段落的主题句被安排在段落的中间 For adults a cold is not that serious. However, this is not the case for children. Cold symptoms in children may be signs of more serious diseases and should be given prompt medical attention.,本段主题句为第二句, 因为在however 后面才是作者真正的看法, 并在下文中进一

29、步作了说明。,当主题句被安排在段中时, 作者往往从具体的事例谈起, 随之归纳出主题, 然后再围绕这一主题展开讨论, 使立论更加清楚, 具有很强的说服力, 即以“立”为主, 对正面观点进行阐述。,练中学,例10： Ever since humans have inhabited the earth, they have made use of various forms of communication. Generally, this expression of thoughts and feelings has been in the form of oral speech. When th

30、ere is a language barrier, communication is accomplished through sigh language in which motions stand for letters, words, and ideas. Tourists, the deaf, and the mute have had to resort to this form of expression. Many of these symbols of whole words are very picturesque and exact and can be used int

31、ernationally, spelling, however, cannot.Body language transmits ideas or thoughts by certain actions, either intentionally or unintentionally. A wink（眨眼）can be a way of flirting（调情）or indicating that the party is only joking. A nod signifies approval, while shaking the head indicates a negative reac

32、tion. Other forms of nonlinguistic language can be found in Braille (a system of raised dots read with the fingertips), signal flags, Morse code, and smoke signals. Road maps and picture sighs also guide warn, and instruct people. While verbalization（用语言表达）is the most common form of language, other

33、systems and techniques also express human thoughts and feeling.,文章共有四段, 谈的是肢体语言。第一段的前两句谈到人们尽管利用多种形式，根据不同的阅读目的, 我们可以采取不同的方法。一般来说阅读方法有3种：skimming, scanning , reading for full understanding。第二段, 第三段的首句从两个不同的方面引出了肢体语言的功能与分类。最后一段予以总结, 强调肢体语言在表达人类思想和感情方面的作用,与第一段的呼应。正确答案应是A。,Which of the following statemen

34、ts best summarizes this passage? A) When language is a barrier, people will find other forms of communication. B) Everybody uses only one form of communication. C) Nonlinguistic language is invaluable to foreigners. D) Although other forms of communication exist verbalization is the fastest.,猜词的解题技巧

35、 根据上下文语境或指代关系猜测； 利用同义（近义）词猜测，常见引出同义词的标志有or, like, similarly等。 eg. Mr Smith loves to talk, and his wife is similarly loquacious_.,喜欢交谈,利用定义解释或同位结构猜测语义，常用to be called, to mean, to refer to, that is (to say), in other words, namely等。 考题： A calender is a list of the days, weeks, months of a particular y

36、ear. The underlined word “calender” means_(日历，小册子，年代)。,日历,利用转折或对比关系猜测，常用的有but, yet, however, while, unlike, instead, otherwise, on the other hand, on the contrary, in contrast with等. 考题： Unlike her gregarious sister, Jane is shy, unsociable person who does not like to go to parties or to make new fr

37、iends. The underlined word “gregarious” means _(A.健谈的，B.开朗的，C.善交际的),C,根据构词法猜测词义，如常见的表否定的前缀有un-, mis-, dis-, im/in-, non-, 另外，re-（再，重复）, under-（下）, mini-（小）, en- （使）, com/con-（共同）, fore-（前、预先）, -ly, -ness, -sion, -y, -tion, -ment, -less等； 考题： He laughed and shrugged,” I have no choice “, he said,” I must bow to the unavoidable.” The underlined “unavoidable” stands for_,不可避免的,通过因果关系来推测语义，通常由because, so that, so/such.that等词汇及结构来体现。 It rained, so the football match was postponed. The underlined