人教版必修三Unit1 festivals around the world language points分析.ppt

1、Reading,1. Festivals are meant to celebrate important times of year. 节日就是庆祝重要事件的活动。,mean 的用法,1). mean doing sth. mean doing sth. 的意思是“意味着（必须要做某事或导致种结果）”, 其主语通常是指事物的词。,2). mean to do sth. mean to do sth. 的意思是“打算或企图做某事”，其主语通常是表示人的名词或代词。 3). mean sb. to do sth. mean sb. to do sth. 的意思是“打算让某人做某事”，也可以用于被

2、动结构。,4). mean 后接名词、副词或从句 mean 后接名词或副词，意为“表示；打算；存心”等意思；后接that 从句，意为“表示”。 5). be meant for 该短语的意思是“打算给予；打算作用”。,In some parts of London, missing a bus means _ for another hour. A. waiting B. to wait C. wait D. to be waiting,句意为：在伦敦的一些地方，错过一班公共汽车意味着再等一个小时。,A,2. Discuss when they take place, what they ce

3、lebrate and what people do at that time. 讨论它们（中国节日）什么时间进行，庆祝的是什么事件，并说出人们在那天所做的事。,take place 发生；举行, The performance didnt take place after all. 演出终于没有进行。 Was there anybody passing by when the accident took place? 事故发生时，有人路过那里吗？,take place/happen/occur/break out/come about (1)take place 其“发生”是按意图或计划进行

4、，无偶然性，无被动语态。 (2)happen 普通用语，其“发生”带有意外和偶然性。另可作“碰巧”讲，用法是 happen to do sth.，无被动语态。 (3)occur 较正式用语，指具体事物时可与 happen互换(但 happen to do不可换成 occur to do)；另外 occur 有“突然想起”的意思，此时不可与 happen 互换，如 A good idea occurred to him.,(4)break out (战争、火灾等)爆发；(疾病)突然发生。无被动语态。 (5)come about “发生，产生”，指要解释或说明事情发生的理由，常与 how连用。,G

5、reat changes _ in the rural areas in the last two decades. A. have taken place B. took place C. have been taken place D. are happening,A,take place 不能用于被动语态中，句中短语 in the last two decades 可确定句子的时态为现在完成时。,与place相关短语：,3. Festivals and celebrations of all kinds have been held everywhere. 世界各地都有各种各样的节日庆典

6、。,of all kinds 各种各样的, That kind of questions is very difficult to answer. = Questions of that kind are difficult to answer., We sell all kinds of shoes. = We sell shoes of all kinds. 我们卖各式各样的鞋。 You can see different kinds of animals in the zoo. = You can see animals of different kinds in the zoo. 你在

7、动物园可以看见不同种类的动物。,Practice, Books of this kind _ (sell) well in the bookstore. This kind of books _ (sell) well in the bookstore. 句中谓语动词的单复数由“books”确定。句中的谓语动词由“kind”确定。,（用动词的适当形式填空）,sell,sells,4. People would starve if food was difficult to find, . 如果食物难找到, 他们会挨饿。 starve v. 挨饿; 饿死,He said he would sta

8、rve rather than beg for food. 他说他宁愿挨饿也不要饭吃。 1) starve to death 饿死,2) starve for sth 渴望获得某物，缺乏 The homeless children are starving for love. 3) 感觉很饿（仅用于进行时） e.g.When will the dinner be ready? I m starving. starvation n. 饿死，挨饿，绝食 die of starvation: starve to death starvation wages 不够维持基本生活的工资,1). honou

9、r,v. = respect sb. 尊敬,Will you honour me with a visit? 如蒙造访，十分荣幸。 honourable guests 贵宾（值得尊敬的） I feel highly honoured by the kind things you said about me.（因而感到荣幸）,5. . To honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return either to help or to do harm.,honour un. 尊敬，荣誉 show honour to sb sh

10、ow respect to sb.尊敬某人 in honour of 纪念 honour cn.,带来光荣的人/物,Liu Xiang is an honour to our country.,2). satisfy,vt. 使满意,Nothing satisfies him; he is always complaining. The government tries its best to satisfy peoples needs. satisfaction n. 满意、令人满意的人/物,satisfied (人)感到满意的 satisfying/ satisfactory 令人满意的,

11、The teacher was satisfied with his satisfying/ satisfactory answer.,你的工作让我很满意。,Your work satisfies me. v.,I am satisfied with your work. adj.,Your work is satisfying/satisfactory. adj.,3). harm : a) n. 损坏，伤害 cause/do harm to harm （vt.伤害，损害） Smoking does harm to our health. 反义词: do sb good do more ha

12、rm than good弊大于利 If we try to solve the problem in this way, it will do more harm than good. b) vt. =cause/do harm to The event harmed his reputation. come to harm 我要跟她一同去以免她受到伤害。 I will go with her to make sure she comes to no harm.,受到伤害,hurt, injure, harm, damage, wound的 区别与用法 hurt 普通用语，既可指肉体上的伤害,

13、 也可精神上, 感情上的伤害。 如:The girl hurt herself badly in the accident. 那位女孩在那次事故中伤得很重。,injure比hurt正式, hurt多指伤痛, 而 injure则指损害健康, 成就, 容貌等, 强调功能的损失。 如:He injured his hand while playing basketball. 他在打篮球时手受了伤。,damage主要指对于物的损害,强调对于价值、用途、外观等所造成的损失, 这种损失或因自然灾害所致, 或因人为造成。如： Several cars were damaged in the accident

14、. 好几辆汽车在事故中损坏了。,wound 指枪伤, 刀伤, 刺伤等皮肉之伤, 是出血的, 严重的伤, 特指战场上受伤, 它可以指肉体上的伤害, 也可指人们精神上的创伤。如: The bullet wounded his left leg. 子弹打伤了他的左腿。,6. in memory of= to the memory of sb. 纪念某人 The statue was built in memory of the famous scientist. 这个雕像是为了纪念那位有名的科学家而建立的。,He wrote a long moving poem in memory of his w

15、ife.他写了一首感人的长诗来纪念他的妻子。inn.of 短语in praise of 歌颂in honor of 纪念；为向表示敬意in favor of 赞同in support of 支持in charge of 负责 in search of 寻找in possession of 拥有 in need/want of需要in place of 代替 in hope of 希望,7. lead the ancestors back to earth. lead sb to some place 带某人去 lead to:引领；导致 lead / live a life （使）过着 的生活

16、 请带我们去一个没有贫穷没有饥饿的地方。 Please lead us to a place without poverty or starvation. 这将导致极大的麻烦。 This will lead to great trouble. 在旧社会，人们过着穷苦的生活。 In the old days, people led a dogs life.,8.offer 1）.提供 offer sb. sth.= offer sth. to sb. 提供给某人 Eg: He offered me a job in his company. He offered me his pen. 2）.

17、出价；拿出售 Eg: I offered him $1000 for the house. = provide sth. for sb. = provide sb. with sth. 提供给某人 Eg: The parents supply food and education to the children.,supply sth. to sb.,9. They can dress up and go to their neighbours homes to ask for sweets. dress作及物动词时, 不接clothes之类的表示衣服的名词, 而是接表示人的词或代词, 意思是

18、“给穿衣服”。当表示自己穿衣服时, 则用反身代词, 如：,Wake up children and dress them. 唤醒孩子,给他们穿上衣服。 dress的过去分词常用来构成get dressed与be dressed短语, 前者表示 动态, 后者表示静态, 穿何种衣服, 则用介词in. 如：,Harry up and get dressed. 快点穿上衣服。 The girl was dressed in red. 这个女孩穿着一身红衣服。 dress up是“穿上最好的衣服”, 常指 “打扮,化装”，如: You should dress up when you take part

19、 in the party.,She is _ in red today and looks very beautiful. A. wearing B. having on C. dressing D. dressed,D. dressed,10trick n诡计；恶作剧；花招；窍门 vt.哄骗，欺骗trick or treat 不送礼物就捣乱(万圣节前夕孩子们挨户要礼物的用语)play a trick/tricks on sb.捉弄某人have a trick of doing sth. 有做某事的习惯trick sb. into doing sth. 哄骗某人做某事trick sb. ou

20、t of sth. 骗取某人某物,(1)John taught me _ opening a bottle of wine.约翰教会了我打开酒瓶盖的窍门。(2)The children loved to _ their teacher.这些孩子好跟他们的老师玩恶作剧。(3)She _ me _ for her meal at the restaurant.她在饭馆里骗我替她付了饭钱。,the trick of,play tricks on,tricked,into paying,11gain vt. reward sb. for sth. 因 奖赏某人； reward sb. with sth

21、. 用某物酬劳某人,She rewarded herself with a cup of coffee after a whole mornings hard work. 一上午的刻苦学习后, 她冲一杯咖啡来奖赏自己。,14. China and Japan have mid-autumn festivals, when people admire the moon and in China, enjoy mooncakes. 在中国和日本都有中秋节, 这时人们会赏月, 并互赠月饼。 admire v. 意为“赞赏;钦佩;羡慕;赞美;夸奖”,admire sb. for sth.:在某方面钦佩

22、某人 e.g.We all admire him for his courage and bravery. admiration n. 赞美，钦佩admirable adj. 可饮佩的，极佳的admiring adj. 赞赏的，羡慕的 have admiration for sb./sth. 羡慕/钦佩 watch/gaze in admiration 赞赏地观看/凝视着,(1)The school is widely _ its excellent teaching.这所学校教学优秀，远近称誉。(2)They looked _ silent _ at the painting.他们默默地欣赏

23、着那幅画。(3)He gave her _.他向她投以赞赏的一瞥。,admired for,in,admiration,an admiring look,15. The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring. 最富有生气而有最重要的节日就是告别冬天迎来春天的日子。 look forward to (doing) sth. 意为期待着(做)某事, 其中的to是介词, 其后的动词要用ing形式。,Bo

24、ys and girls are looking forward to Spring Festival. 孩子们渴盼着过年。 Hes looking forward to hearing from his pen pal. 他期待着笔友来信。,类似的动词短语还有：be/become/get used to 习惯于 pay attention to 注意devote.to. 把致力于 get down to 着手做lead to 通向，导致 stick to 坚持belong to 属于 object to 反对 listen to 听prefer.to. 宁愿也不give ones life

25、to 把生命奉献给contribute to 为作贡献,16.Clothing 衣服的总称，包括衣服、鞋帽、被褥 集体名词，不可数。 可用 a piece of clothing, an article of clothing Eg: Our clothing protects us form the cold. This shop sells womens clothing. Clothes 具体的衣服，只有复数，做主语时谓语 动词用复数。,17. The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is cov

26、ered with pink snow. 整个国度处处都是樱花盛开,看上去就像罩上了一层粉红的雪。,as though和as if没有什么区别。as if用得普遍些, 可引导方式状语从句和表语从句, 其从句谓语常用虚拟语气。,(1) 引导方式状语从句 She acted as though nothing had happened 她装得好像什么事也没发生过似的。 当从句主语和主句主语一致,从句谓语中又含有动词 be时, 可以把主语和 be一起省去。,He looked about as though (he was) in search of something 他四处张望, 好像寻找什么。

27、 (2) 引导表语从句 It looks as if its going to rain 看样子天要下雨了。,as though和as if从句用虚拟语气,还是用陈述语气。完全根据具体情况而定。如果从句表示的意思与事实完全相反,或者纯粹是一种假设, 通常用虚拟语气。 The child talks as if she were an adult. 那孩子说话的样子好像她是个大人。,He talks as if he were the owner of the world. (与现在相反，从句谓语动词用一般过去时)他说起话来好像他主宰这个世界似的。,He talks as if he had b

28、een to the moon.(与过去相反，从句谓语动词用过去完成时)他说起话来好像他去过月球似的。,She talks and talks as if she would never stop. (与将来相反，从句谓语动词用过去将来时)她说呀说呀，好像永远也说不完。,18. People love to get together to eat, drink and have fun with each other. have fun意为“过得快乐” 同义词组为have a good time, enjoy oneself. have fun ( in ) doing sth. 做某事有乐趣

29、,19.custom cn. 风俗、习俗 So many countries, so many customs. Social customs are different from country to country. It is the custom (for sb) to do sth 做.是一种习俗/惯例 It is the custom for the Japanese to take off their shoes when they get into a hall. custom habit,“风俗习惯”社会或团体许多人长期 形成的习惯,一个人的习惯习性,单项选择 1Its su

30、rprising that you should have been fooled by such a simple _. AtrialBtrick Ctreat Dtrip 答案：B 解析：trick“恶作剧，诡计”，合题意。,2She must be looking forward as much to his return as he himself is to _ her. Asee Bhave seen Cseeing Dbe seeing 答案：C 解析：考查 look forward to 后接名词、动名词。句中 as从句中为省略句 is (looking forward) to

31、。,3Daddy didnt mind what we were doing, as long as we were together, _ fun. Ahad Bhave Cto have Dhaving 答案：D 解析：having fun为现在分词做状语，“玩得很开心/高兴”。,4The host family treated me as though I _ a member of the family while I studied in France. Aam Bwere Cwould Dshould be 答案：B 解析：考查 as though从句的用法。由句意知从句中用 we

32、re表示虚拟语气，事实上“我”并不是其家庭成员。,5.Whats wrong with him? The picture he came across _his memory of a sad story in his childhood. Aput off Btook off Cset off Dgave off 解析：考查动词短语。put off延期；take off起飞，脱掉；give off发出(光等)；set off激发，引起。选项C符合题意。 答案：C,6_is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a s

33、tronger, more prosperous economy. AAs BThat CThis DIt 答案：D 解析：考查句型 Its ones belief that.（我们坚信）。,7The mayor _ the police officer a medal of honor for his heroic deed in rescuing the earthquake victims. Arewarded Bawarded Cpraised Dprized 答案：B 解析：award sb. sth. for.表示“因为而授予某人某物”。reward“回报”；praise “表扬”

34、，用于 praise sb. for sth；prize 只用做名词。,8We admire the old scientist _ his contribution _ the country. Afor; to Bat; to Cfor; for Don; for 答案：A 解析：考查固定搭配 admire sb. for sth.和 contribution to.。,9Victor apologized for _ to inform me of the change in the plan. Ahis being not able Bhim not to able Chis not

35、being able Dhim to be not able 答案：C 解析：apologize to sb. for (doing) sth.的意思是“因为某事而向某人道歉”。for为介词，后面接动名词，首先排除B和D项；非谓语动词(动名词、动词不定式、现在分词、过去分词)的否定形式是直接在其前加 not，所以排除A项。,10What you said just now _ me of that American professor. Amentioned Binformed Creminded Dmemorized 答案：C 解析：考查 remind sb. of sth./sb. “使某

36、人想起某事/人”。,11_ the numbers in employment, the hotel industry was the second largest industry in this country last year. AIn spite of BIn case of CIn terms of DIn praise of 答案：C 解析：in spite of尽管；in case of要是；in terms of从方面来说；in praise of称赞。,12All the citizens, young and old, walked and sang, beautiful

37、ly _ in new clothes of all kinds, _ the success of their football team. Adressed; celebrating Bwearing; to celebrate Cdressed; to celebrate Dworn; celebrating 答案：A 解析：第一空 dressed in 做后置定语修饰 all the citizens；第二空现在分词 celebrating 做状语表伴随。,13.Tom, Im sorry to say that I cant go to watch tonights match wi

38、th you, for I have to prepare for the coming exam. _ Have some fun! ADont have too many irons in the fire. BDont be a wet blanket. CDont put the cart before the horse. DDont pull my leg. 答案：B,解析：Dont be a wet blanket意思是：别这么让人扫兴。语意为：汤姆，对不起，我今天晚上不能和你一起去看比赛了，因为我要为即将来到的考试做准备。别这么令人扫兴，玩吧！A项意为“别揽太多事”；C项意为“

39、本末倒置”；D项意为：“别开我玩笑了”。,4. permission n.u 许可；允许,You have my permission to leave. 我准你离开。 with/without (one s) permission得到允许/未经允许 ask sb. for permission 征求某人的许可 give sb. permission to do sth. =permit sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事 have one s permission得到某人的同意,permit vt. 准许；许可；允许 n.许可（证）；执照 permit doing 允许做某事,5tu

40、rn up 出现；到场；开大，调高，增加速度、音量、强度或流量(1)Guess who _ at Marys wedding.猜猜都有谁参加了玛丽的婚礼。(2)The book you have lost will_someday.你丢的那本书说不定哪一天又会找到。(3)Please _ . I want to listen to the news.请把收音机音量开大些，我想听听新闻。,turned up,turn up,turn up the radio,turn against背叛；(情况等)对不利turn away走开，离开；把打发走turn back折回，往回走；翻回到turn dow

41、n关小，调低；拒绝turn off关(水源、煤气、电等)；令厌烦turn on打开；使感兴趣turn out结果是；证明是；生产，制造；培养，造就turn to转向，变成；求救于，求助于turn in上交，欺骗turn over把交给；翻转,与turn有关的短语:,6keep ones word守信用；履行诺言,keep ones word=keep ones promise， 反义短语是break ones word/promise。 注意两短语中的word不可数，无复数。,get in a word插话/嘴have a word with sb.与某人谈话have words with s

42、b.与某人吵架in a/one word简言之，总之in other words(that is to say)换句话说word for word一字不差地；逐字地,(1)She is a girl who always _.她是一个很讲信用的人。(2)Dont _， otherwise no one will trust you.不要失信，否则没有人会信任你。,keeps her word,break your word,catch ones breath(因恐惧、震惊等)一时停止呼吸，屏息；不喘气draw/take a deep breath深呼吸take breath 歇口气in the same breath异口同声地out of breath上气不接下气lose ones breath喘不过气来；上气不接下气,7hold ones breath屏息；屏气,The race was so close that everyone was_ at the finish.这是一场势均力敌的比赛，以至于到最后每个人都屏住了呼吸。,holding his breath,apology n道歉apologize to sb. for (doing) sth.make an apology to sb.