英语四六级翻译练习与语法分析VastDesert.ppt

1、听写,run the risk of doing sth./risk doing sth. object to/disapprove of accuse sb. of sth./charge sb. with sth./sue sb. for sth. convict sb. of sth. regret doing sth./regret to do sth. a matter of; rather than give sb. an advantage over sb. else (take the advantage of 利用),speak highly of might as well

2、 (do) in combination with/ together with account for: explain/give a reason for.; occupy/amount to 占有 pay the price for shed light on at ones disposal not until (up to); be superior to; keep pace with,Assignment:Check Yourself,Translate the following sentences into English,I was trying to _ _. (为迟到这

3、么长时间编一个理由) 2. _, (杰克一定还没有找回他自行车) for he came by bus this morning. (否定推测) (can have not found) 3. Their first attempt to create the genetic map of the world _ (完全失败了). 4. Everyone interviewed _ _ (都受到了不公正的对待). 5. When saving his wife, _ (他冒着自己丧生的危险).,make up an excuse for being (so) late/,for such a

4、long time,Mike cant have found his bicycle,was nothing less than a failure,had been subject to unfair,treatment,he ran the risk of losing his,own life,情态动词 本身有一定的意义,不能独立作谓语,只能和主要动词一起构成谓语动词,表示说话人的语气和情态。情态动词没有人称和单复数的变化,有些情态动词有过去式。 You can keep the books for two weeks. 这些书你可以借两个星期。 May I smoke here? 我可

5、以在这儿抽烟吗？ We must go now. 我们现在得走了。,常见的情态动词有：can (could) ,may (might), must ,shall (should), will (would), dare (dared) , need等,另外,have to、had better也当作情态动词使用。情态动词后面必须加动词的原形。 can表示体力、脑力方面的能力或客观的可能性。口语中, 在询问或说明一件事可不可以做时,常用“can” 。过去式是“could”,否定式是“cannot”,通常缩写成“cant”, 如：Can I help you?(要帮忙吗？)/ He can swi

6、m.(他会游泳)/ That cant be Mr Li.(那不可能是李先生),must表示“必须”、“一定”。表示“必须”时否定形式是mustnt；表示“一定”时,否定形式是“cant” 如：We must be very careful when we cross the road./ It must be Jack./ I havent seen Kate today. She cant be here. 注意用must(必须)进行提问时,肯定回答用must,否定回答用neednt；用must(一定)进行提问时,肯定回答仍用must,但是否定回答用cant.如： Must we clea

7、n the room before we leave? Yes, you must. 或No, you neednt. Must she be in the room? Yes, she must.或 No, she cant.,be subject to,adj. 作表语 to sth often having, suffering or undergoing sth.; liable to sth. 常有常遭或常患某事物; 倾向某事物: Are you subject to colds? 你常患感冒吗? Trains are subject to delay(s) after the he

8、avy snowfalls. 一下大雪火车就往往误点.,6. _, (他没有接受我的忠告) he did just what I had warned him against. 7. Being out of work and having two young children, . （夫妻俩发现勉强维持生计是不可能的） The new government was accused of failure/failing to _（未能实现其降低失业率的承诺）.(achieve/realize dream/goal),Rather than take my advice,the couple f

9、ound it impossible to make ends meet,9. The customer complained that no sooner had he tried to _ （他刚试着使用这台机器，它就不能运转了） 10. If you had _. _.（听从了我的忠告，你 就不会陷入麻烦）,use the machine than it stopped working.,followed my advice/suggestion, you wouldnt,have put/get yourself into trouble,fulfill its promise to

10、reduce the unemployment rate,11. With tears on her face, the lady watched her injured son being sent into the operating room/surgery.（看着她 受伤的儿子被送进手术室）(sawsent into) 12. But for mobile phone, our communication would not have been so efficient and convenient. （我们的通信 就不可能如此迅速和方便） 13. In handling a toug

11、h situation, nothing is more helpful than self-confidence. （没有什么比自信更有帮助的了） 14. I dont think it advisable that his father deprive his children of freedom to spend their spare time. （剥夺孩子们业余时间的自由） Not until yesterday did he realize how serious the problem was. (直到昨天他才意识到问题的严重性) (It was not . that he r

12、ealized ),11. With tears on her face, the lady watched her injured son being sent into the surgery.（看着她受伤的儿子被送进手术室） 【解析】本句中“看”指的是注视，强调看的动作，而不是结果，故用watch，若强调看到的结果，则用see, “看到儿子被送进手术室”强调动作正在发生，因此watch后面用being sent into the surgery作宾补。injured表示因意外事故造成的伤害，wounded多指“枪伤、刀伤”等。Watch, listen to, hear, look at

13、, see, feel, find, notice, observe等感官动词接省略to的动词不定式作宾补时，强调动作从发生到结束的全过程，接现在分词作宾补时，强调动作正在发生。(+do/+doing),12. but for without; if it were not for 要不是；如果没有(虚拟语气) *But for his help, I should not have succeeded *We should have gone for a spring outing but for the bad weather 14. I dont think it advisable t

14、hat parents deprive their children of freedom to spend their spare time（剥夺孩子们的自由）(deprive sb. of sth.) 【解析】在it is important/ necessary/ advisable/ strange/ impossible/ natural that句型中，that后面的从句的谓语动词用should+原形动词，should可省略。,9. 【解析】no soonerthan引导时间状语从句，表示“刚一就”，主句通常用过去完成时，从句通常用一般过去式。并且 no sooner 位于句首时，

15、主句需部分倒装，要将助动词had 提至主语之前。 表达“一就”意义的短语还有: “hardly/scarcely when” The customer complained that hardly/scarcely had he tried to use the machine when it stopped working.,部分倒装：指部分谓语（如助动词、情态动词）位于主语之前的倒装。 1一般疑问句，选择疑问句，反意问句要求部分倒装。 Has he finished his work?/Its a lovely day, isnt it? 2only修饰介词短语、状语从句，并置于句首时，主

16、句中要部分倒装。 Only in this way can we have a better future. Only when the rain stopped did the match start again. 注：“only名词/代词”置于句首不要倒装。例如： Only he can do it.(正) Only can he do it. (误),3否定副词，如not, never, neither, nor, seldom, hardly, little等置于句首时，后面要求部分倒装。 Hardly can I believe that./Never has he been to

17、the Great Wall./Seldom does she write to me. 4not onlybut(also)连接两个分句，not only置于句首，它所引导的这部分要部分倒装，但but(also)部分不要倒装。 Not only should we study science, but also we should pay attention to politics. 注：若not onlybut(also)连接两个主语，句子不要倒装。,5not until引起短语或引导从句置于句首时，主句中要求部分倒装。 Not until he was ten did he go to school./Not until yesterday did I realize what trouble he was in