国贸理论与政策he standard trade model.ppt

1、Ch6. The Standard Trade Model,2020/8/6,Ch6. The Standard Trade Model,PPF with increasing costs Community indifference curves Equilibrium in isolation The basis for and the gains from trade with increasing costs Trade based on differences in tastes,2020/8/6,PPF with increasing costs,Increasing Opport

2、unity Costs : the nation must give up more and more of one commodity to release just enough resources to produce each additional unit of another commodity. Marginal Rate of Transformation (MRT): refers to the amount of Y that a nation must give up to produce each additional unit of X.,2020/8/6,Ch6.

3、The Standard Trade Model,PPF with increasing costs Community indifference curves Equilibrium in isolation The basis for and the gains from trade with increasing costs Trade based on differences in tastes,2020/8/6,Community indifference curves,Marginal Rate of Substitution (MRS) decreasing: MRSNMRSA=

4、|SlopeA|,2020/8/6,Ch6. The Standard Trade Model,PPF with increasing costs Community indifference curves Equilibrium in isolation The basis for and the gains from trade with increasing costs Trade based on differences in tastes,2020/8/6,Equilibrium in isolation,autarky,PA = PX/PY = 1/4 PA = PX/PY= 4

5、imply what?,2020/8/6,Ch6. The Standard Trade Model,PPF with increasing costs Community indifference curves Equilibrium in isolation The basis for and the gains from trade with increasing costs Trade based on differences in tastes,2020/8/6,The Gains from Trade with Increasing Costs,Nation 1 specializ

6、es in X,2020/8/6,Incomplete specialization and small country case,2020/8/6,The gains from exchange and from specialization,2020/8/6,Ch6. The Standard Trade Model,PPF with increasing costs Community indifference curves Equilibrium in isolation The basis for and the gains from trade with increasing costs Trade based on differences in tastes,2020/8/6,Trade based on differences in tastes,The two PPFs expressed as a single PPF curve, PPF1=PPF; The differences in tastes between two countries, I I. Nation 1s preference for Y, nation