[工程科技]虚拟语气课件.ppt

1、,Main Parts,Classification,Definition,Exercise,Wish 引导的,If 引导的,If only 引导的,Importance,summary,as if/though 引导的,Definition: What is the subjunctive mood?,虚拟语气是一种动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的不是一个事实，而只是一种愿望，假设，怀疑，猜测，建议等。,IfIwereyou,Idtakethemaway.IfIhadmetLiHua,Icouldhadtoldhim.IfIhadtime.Icouldcometohelpyou. Hesugg

2、estedthatourclassshouldbedivided Intofivegroups.Hespeakstousasifhehadbeenthere.,Importance,虚拟语气是高二语法中的重点。 虚拟语气在高考中的地位是非常重要的，它不仅在单项选择中考查，更是对做好阅读理解非常有帮助。学生们通过学习虚拟语气，能够对阅读理解中比较复杂的句型理解得更好。另外，学好虚拟语气对书面表达也有很大帮助。,Classification,If 条件句的虚拟 遵循向过去倒推一个时态原则的虚拟语气,wish,If only,固定搭配,as if/though,第一层次 第二层次 第三层次 第四层次

3、 第五层次,条 件 句 的 虚 拟,if,第一层次,If + S + were / did, S + would/could/should/might + do If + S + had done, S + would/could/should/might + have done + would/could/should do,were/did Should do were to do,If + S +,对现在的虚拟,对过去的虚拟,对将来的虚拟,Examples,If I were you, I would go at once. If you had come a few minutes e

4、arlier, you would have met him. If it were sunny tomorrow, I would come to see you.,第二层次,如果if省略的话发生倒装现象 1. If I were you, I would go there. Were I you, I would go there. 2. If I had walked fast, I would have caught up with Tom. Had I walked fast, I would have caught up with him. 3. If it were to rai

5、n tomorrow, I would not go there. Were it to rain tomorrow, I would not go there. 4. If it should rain, I would not go there. Should it rain, I would not go there., If I worked hard now, I would get good marks. - Worked I hard now, I would get good marks. If I had enough money, I would give it to th

6、e Hope Project. - Had I enough money, I would give it to the Hope Project.,什么时候不能倒装呢？,如果if 省略的话，发生倒装现象提前的动词只能是 were, had, should.,第三层次：省略if的条件句（without；but for）,1) Without water, we would die. - If we had no water, we would die. 2) But for your help, I would have failed in the exam. - If you hadnt h

7、elped me, I would have failed in the exam.,第四层次 混合虚拟,如果条件从句的动作和主句的动作不是同时发生， 主句和从句的谓语的形式应分别根据各自所表示的时间加以调整，这种 句子叫混合虚拟条件句。,Examples：,If I had studied hard before, I would get the good marks now. If I had drunk enough water just now, I would not be thirsty now.,对过去的虚拟,对现在的虚拟,第五层次 半虚半不虚原则,如果从句发生的动作确实存在，而

8、主句是说话者的推测或者假设，则根据实际情况确定谓语的形式。这种情况我们称之为半虚半不虚原则。 Examples： He was busy yesterday, or he would have helped you with your experiment.,如何判断半虚半不虚句型呢？,如果主句是由 的连词引导的，那么此句型为半虚半不虚句型。 标志性词为：but，or，otherwise,带有转折性,遵循向过去倒推一个时态原则的虚拟语气,wish引导的虚拟语气 as if / as though 引导的虚拟语气 if only 引导的虚拟语气,wish 引导的虚拟语气,were/did had

9、 done/ could have done would do,wish +(that)+S+,现在,过去,将来,as if /as though 引导的虚拟语气,as if/as though +S +,were/did,had done,would do,现在,过去,将来,The pencil is in the water as if it _broken.,were,if only 所引导的虚拟语气,if only + S +,were/did !,had done !,would do !,现在,过去,将来,If only I _ a child now! If only I _ _

10、 that silly thing.,were,had done,如果 就好了,Exercises：,1. You didnt let me drive. If we_in turn, you _ so tired. A. drove; didnt get B. drove; wouldnt get C. were driving; wouldnt get D. had driven; wouldnt have got,2. _ it rain tomorrow,we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu bridge. A. Were B

11、. Should C. Would D. Will 3. Without electricity, human life _ quite difficult today. A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be,4. I suggested the person _ to be put into prison. A. refers B. referring C. referred D. refer 5. He _ busy yesterday, or he_ you with your experiment. A. was; had he

12、lped B. was; would have helped C. had been; would have helped D. were; would have helped,6. A: I stayed at a hotel while in New York. B: Oh, did you? You _ with Barbara. A. could have stayed B. could stay C. would stay D. must have stayed 7. Had you listened to the doctor, you _ all right now. A. ar

13、e B. were C. would be D. would have been,8. It is time that he _ strong action against them. A. is taking B. took C. takes D. will take 9. I didnt go to the party. But I do wish I _ there. A. was B. were C. had been D. went,10. I insisted _ to see a doctor, but he insisted nothing_ wrong with him. A

14、. on him to go, be B. he went, be C. he go, was D. he should go, is 11. The professor gave order that the test _ before 5:30. A. be finished B. will be finished C. will finish D. shall finish,12. Your aunt invites you to the movies today. I would rather she _ me tomorrow than today. A. tells B. told C. would tell D. had told 13. It was requested that the play _ again. A. should put on B. would put on C. be put on D. put on,14. If only I _ my car. A. had