Unit 7 Natural Disasters.ppt

1、,Unit 7 Natural Disasters,I. Warming Up,For this section, you are required to watch a video three times. Each time you must complete an exercise with a different focus. Before watching, make yourself familiar with the following words and expressions, which will make it easy for you to understand the

2、 video.,I. Warming Up,Words and Expressions seismograph n. an instrument for automatically detecting and recording an earth quake 地震仪 mythology n. a body or collection of myths belonging to a people and addressing their origin, history, deities, ancestors, and heroes 神话 catfish n.鲶鱼 tectonic a.地壳构造的

3、 mantle n.the layer of the earth between the crust and the core 地幔 collide v. come together with violent, direct impact 碰撞 friction n. the rubbing of one object or surface against another 摩擦 fault n.断层 tremor n. a shaking or vibrating movement, as of the earth 大地的震动 seismic detector n. 地震探测器 at the

4、mercy of 任处置；无能为力,I. Warming Up,1.1 Watch the video and decide whether the following statements are true or false. ( )(1)A quake could be happening hundreds or thousands miles away, even on the other side of the planet. ( )(2)The earth crust is divided into broad pieces called tectonic plates floati

5、ng below the liquid mantle hundred miles above. ( )(3)The early Japanese invented the giant catfish to predict the earthquake. ( )(4) Modern technology has given us a new method of preparing for earthquakes-the early warning system. ( )(5) We can prevent earthquakes; we know theyre most likely to oc

6、cur, so we can predict when and where they will strike.,I. Warming Up,1.1 Keys: 1. T 2. F 3. F 4. T 5. F,I. Warming Up,1.2 Watch the video for the second and third time and then answer the following questions. (1) Why are the Chinese thought to be unique according to the narrator? (2) Where does an

7、earthquake usually happen? (3) At what time was Chinese first invented the seismic detector? (4) When seismic detector sent out a warning, could 20 seconds be long enough to save some people? (5) Are earthquakes always with us?,I. Warming Up,1.2 Keys: 1.A Chinese mathematician built a device with me

8、tal balls in dragons mouth. A pendulum in the instrument moved when it registered a quake and the balls fell out into the waiting frogs mouth below. 2.95% of all earthquakes happen along the boundaries between tectonic plates. 3.Almost 2000 years ago. 4. Yes. 5. Yes.,Background Information about Ear

9、thquake,Where Do Earthquakes Happen? Earthquakes occur all the time all over the world, both along plate edges and along faults. Most earthquakes occur along the edge of the oceanic and continental plates. The earths crust (the outer layer of the planet) is made up of several pieces, called plates.

10、The plates under the oceans are called oceanic plates and the rest are continental plates. The plates are moved around by the motion of a deeper part of the earth (the mantle) that lies underneath the crust. These plates are always bumping into each other, pulling away from each other, or past each

11、other. The plates usually move at about the same speed that your fingernails grow. Earthquakes usually occur where two plates are running into each other or sliding past each other.,Background Information about Earthquake,Along Faults Earthquakes can also occur far from the edges of plates, along fa

12、ults. Faults are cracks in the earth where sections of a plate (or two plates) are moving in different directions. Faults are caused by all that bumping and sliding the plates do. They are more common near the edges of the plates.,Types of Faults Normal faults are the cracks where one block of rock

13、is sliding downward and away from another block of rock. These faults usually occur in areas where a plate is very slowly splitting apart or where two plates are pulling away from each other. A normal fault is defined by the hanging wall moving down relative to the footwall, which is moving up. The

14、footwall is on the upthrown side of the fault, moving upwards. The hanging wall is on the downthrown side of the fault, moving downwards.,Reverse faults are cracks formed where one plate is pushing into another plate. They also occur where a plate is folding up because its being compressed by anothe

15、r plate pushing against it. At these faults, one block of rock is sliding underneath another block or one block is being pushed up over the other. A reverse fault is defined by the hanging wall moving up relative to the footwall, which is moving down. This time, the footwall is on the downthrown sid

16、e of the fault, moving downwards, and the hanging wall is on the upthrown side of the fault, moving upwards. When the hanging wall is on the upthrown side, it hangs over the footwall.,Strike-slip faults are the cracks between two plates that are sliding past each other. You can find these kinds of f

17、aults in California. The San Andreas fault is a strike-slip fault. Its the most famous California fault and has caused a lot of powerful earthquakes.,II. Part A,Topic: Knowing About Tornadoes-A Dialogue Goal: To identify the damage of a tornado and learn how to deal with tornadoes,2.1 Listening Task

18、 1,You are going to hear a dialogue between a father and a son. Listen carefully and choose the best answer to each of the following questions.,2.1 Listening Task 1,Keys: 1. C 2. D 3. C 4. D 5. D,2.2 Listening Task 2,Listen to the dialogue again. The boys questions are listed below. Note down the an

19、swer to each of the questions.,2.2 Listening Task 2,Keys: 1. A tornado is a very violent wind that rushes very fast around a funnel-shaped cloud. 2. It is high enough to reach the clouds in the sky. 3. The people who are near the centre of the tornado might be sucked several feet high and dropped ba

20、ck to the ground heavily. Few of them can survive if this happens. 4. We should know when and where the tornadoes might come and take some measures to protect our property and our lives. We should make some preparations.,2.3 Language Follow-Up,Go through these sentences and fill in each blank with t

21、he missing preposition. Keys: 1. around 2. in 3. off 4. on 5. in 6. with 7. about,III. Part B,Topic: Earthquakes-A Talk Goal: To get some general knowledge about earthquakes,3.1 Listening Task 1,You are going to hear a talk about earthquakes. Listen carefully and choose the best answer to each of th

22、e following questions.,3.1 Listening Task 1,Keys: 1.B 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. A,3.2 Listening Task 2,Now listen to the talk again and decide whether the following statements are true or false.,3.2 Listening Task 2,Keys: 1. T 2. F 3. T 4. F 5. F 6. T,3.3 Language Follow-Up,Sentence Creation. Keys: 1. Somet

23、imes earthquakes cause huge sea waves to sweep up on land and add to the general destruction. 2. Some countries have large numbers of earthquakes, while others do not have many. 3. The powerful force inside the earth break the rocks. 4. These waves travel long distances and rush over the land when t

24、hey reach it. 5. There is less chance of fire because concrete and steel do not burn.,IV. Part C,Topic: Natural Disasters in the World-Four News Reports Goal: To understand various natural disasters that happened in different parts of the world,4.1 Listening Task 1,You are going to hear first two sh

25、ort news reports. Listen carefully and answer the following questions.,4.1 Listening Task 1,News report 1: 1. It burnt two million hectares of land. 2. It was worst affected by the current fires. 3. Hundreds of separated fires in the area. 4. They believe the fires may have been deliberately lit. Ne

26、ws report 2: 1. In northern Brazil. 2. The lives of indigenous communities. 3. Hundreds of extra fire fighters are to arrive shortly. 4. Flee the area.,4.2 Listening Task 2,Now listen to another news report about earthquakes and decide whether the following statements are true or false.,4.2 Listenin

27、g Task 2,News report 3: 1. F 2. T 3. F 4. F,4.3 Listening Task 3,You are going to hear the last news report also about an earthquake in Afghanistan. Listen carefully and fill in the blanks with the missing words.,4.3 Listening Task 3,News report 4: struck, quake, epicenter, latest, 120, measured, sc

28、ale, casualties,4.4 Language Follow-Up,Choose a proper word from the list to fill in the blank of each sentence. Keys: 1. panic 2. intense 3.current 4. fled 5. casualties 6. vulnerable 7. deliberate 8. correspond,V.Extra Viewing and Listening,In this part, you will watch a video four times. When the

29、 video is played for the first time, you should watch carefully for its general idea. In the second and third time, your are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 1 to 10 with the missing information. Finally, when the video is played for the fourth time, you should check what you have writte

30、n. Before watching, try to be familiar with the following words and expressions.,V.Extra Viewing and Listening,Words and Expressions: mercifully ad. full of mercy 仁慈地 touch down 着陆 biblical proportions 与圣经中大洪水规模相当 drag on 拖延 deluge n.a great flood; a heavy downpour 洪水；豪雨 tributary n. 支流 relentless a

31、. 持续不断的 crests n. 洪峰 Mississippi 密西西比,Most natural disasters are mercifully quick: earthquakes last only seconds; tornadoes (1)_; even hurricanes coma and go in a matter of hours. (2)_. It can last as long as the rain continues to fall, (3)_. Some floods are of biblical proportions, (4)_. Such a flood was (5)_. The people who live here (6)_. Theyve often joined battle with the elements