中国古典园林-英文-Classical-Chinese-Private-Gardens.ppt

1、Classical Chinese Private Gardens 中国古典私家园林,Main contents,I. Brief introduction II. Features of Chinese private gardens III. Famous Chinese private gardens,I. Brief introduction,Brief introduction,Chinese people started to build gardens more than 2000 years ago. It first appeared as early as the 11th

2、 century BC during the Zhou Dynasty in the form of a hunting preserve for emperors and nobles. Garden building had its heyday(全盛期) during the Ming and Qing dynasties.,Brief introduction,Traditional Chinese gardens fall into three categories: imperial, private, and landscape gardens: the Summer Palac

3、e in Beijing(颐和园) the Humble Administrators Garden in Suzhou(拙政园) the West Lake in Hangzhou(西湖),II. Features of Chinese private gardens,Features of Chinese private gardens,Most private gardens are found in the South China. The private gardens are composed of rockeries(假山), ponds, pavilions, bridges,

4、 trees and flowers. Surrounding the beautiful scene are corridors(游廊)or walls with latticed(装有格子的) windows or beautifully shaped doors.,Bridges,Most of the bridges are of stone, including straight, winding and arched ones: The straight bridge consists of just one stone slab without any decoration. T

5、he winding bridges have low balustrades(栏杆). The arch bridges can be divided into the single-arch and the multi-arch varieties. 直桥 曲桥 拱桥（单拱桥和多拱桥）,Bridges,Rockeries,Rocks and rockeries are special features of southern Chinese gardens. Some large stones form sceneries of their own, while smaller ones

6、are put together to form artificial hills to add to the fantastic attractiveness of the gardens. 叠山理水的艺术,Rockeries,Windows,Corridors are dotted by windows of various shapessquare, round, hexagonal and even octagonal. Many of the windows are decorated with very beautiful patterns and designs. 方形 圆形 六

7、角形 八角形 扇形 “便面”,Windows,III. Famous Chinese private gardens,Famous Chinese private gardens,the Humble Administrators Garden (拙政园) the Lingering Garden(留园) Geyuan Garden(个园),the Humble Administrators Garden (拙政园) Suzhou, Jiangsu Province,It was built in the early years of Zhengde in the Ming Dynasty.

8、The Humble Administrators Garden was known as “Four Famous Gardens” in China together with the Beijing Summer Palace, Chengde Mountain Resort and Suzhou Lingering Garden. The garden is divided into three parts, eastern, central and west, and each has its own unique character. The East Garden is spac

9、iousness; the Central Garden is the essence of the whole park; and the West Garden has exquisite buildings.,园主借用西晋文人潘岳闲居赋中“筑室种树，逍遥自得灌园鬻（音：y,卖）蔬，以供朝夕之膳是亦拙者之为政也，”之句取园名。暗喻自己把浇园种菜作为自己（拙者）的“政”事。,Origin of the name,The plan of the garden(平面图) The Courtyard of Begonia Spring Dock (拙政园海棠春坞庭院) The 18 Mandala

10、s Flower House (十八曼陀罗花馆) The Yuanxiang Hall(远香堂) The Fragrance Island(香洲) The Humble Administrators Garden in Suzhou(苏州拙政园风光),the Lingering Garden (留园) Suzhou, Jiangsu Province,The garden was first built in Wanliof Ming Dynasty by a retired official named Xu Taishi (许泰时). With a history of more than

11、 400 years, the Lingering Garden has changed hands several times. The garden was originally called East Garden, after xus death, a rich person named Liu Shu(刘恕) became the owner of the garden, Liu plated many bamboos and had many stones in the garden. The fourth owner is Sheng Kang, who named the Ga

12、rden Lingering. The word has the same pronunciation with Liu in Chinese. The garden is known for the subtleties of its layout. Within limited space, ancient architects arranged a group of buildings at different levels and in a picturesque disorder.,The Small Penglai of the Lingering Garden(留园小蓬莱) Cl

13、oud-Capped Peak (冠云峰) “不出城郭而获山林之趣” 太湖石 瘦、漏、透、皱,Geyuan Garden(个园) Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province,Geyuan Garden is located in the north of Yangzhou City. The name of the garden “个 comes from the Chinese character “竹 so as to represent the various kinds of bamboos. The name also goes after the shape of the bamboo leaves. E