unit1 Great scientist Period5 reading2Copernicus revolutionary theory培训讲学.ppt

1、Copernicus Revolutionary Theory,Unit 1 Great scientists,We all know something about Copernicus. He was one of the first scientists to use mathematical observations to collect information. He believed the sun is the center of the universe and the earth and other planets goes around it. The chart on P

2、.7 shows his theory.,Son, My Very Excellent Mother Just Sent Us Nine Pizzas,How many planets in the solar system ? How to remember their order?,Earth,Jupiter,Mars,Mercury,Neptune,Saturn,Uranus,Venus,m:kjuri,dupt,st()n,jurns,neptju:n,vi:ns,:,m:z,Can you repeat the eight planets in the solar system in

3、 the correct order ?,Jupiter,Uranus,Neptune,Saturn,Mercury,Mars,Earth,Venus,Draw the two theories of the universe.,God,The earth,The sun,the moon,The earth,Listen carefully and try to draw the two theories of the universe.,The Earth was the center of the solar system, and the Sun and other planets w

4、ent around it.,The Sun is the center of the solar system, and the Earth and other planets go around it.,Read the text carefully and loudly, and then tell whether the following statements are true or false.,Why could he not tell about his theory?,Because the powerful Chistian Church would have punish

5、ed him for even suggesting such an idea,Sun,earth,earth,Sun,Before Copernicus theory,Copernicus theory,At Copernicus time, Christian Church was in charge of many western countries. 2. Copernicus noticed that observed from the earth, some planets appears in front of or behind the earth. 3. Copernicus

6、 didnt show his new theory to his friends until he completed it.,T,F,T,4. His friends were not interested in his ideas. 5. Since he was not afraid of being attacked by the Church, Copernicus published his book as soon as he finished working on it. 6. Newton, Einstein, and Hawking are all scientists

7、who made contributions to the study of the universe.,F,F,T,1.This passage is about Copernicus _ (revolute) theory. 2. Copernicus was _ (fright) and his mind was confused. 3. Although he had tried to ignore them, all his mathematical calculations _ (lead) to the same _(conclude)：that the earth was no

8、t the centre of the solar system.,revolutionary,a revolutionary leader/ a leader of revolution,frightened,led,conclusion,lead to: result in 导致; 通向 Your carelessness will lead to the trouble in the future. 条条大道通罗马。 All roads lead to Rome. There is a passage leading to the living room. The guide will

9、lead the tourists to visit the attraction . lead sb to do sth 领着某人去做某事,4. _ if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense. 5. The problem _(arise) because astronomers had noticed that some planets in the sky seemed to stop, move backward and then go forward in

10、 a loop.,Only,=The movements of the other planets in the sky made sense only if you put the sun there.,arose,arise-arose-arisen rise-rose-risen raise-raised-raised,Vt 举起,抬高,提高,Vi自身移向较高的位置,Vi发生,出现,呈现,only if 只有；只要。 “Only + 副词 /介词短语/状语从句”即only修饰状语放句首,主句要倒装。 1）Only by shouting and waving his hands coul

11、d he be noticed. 只有通过喊叫和挥手他才能被注意到。 2)只有用这种方法我们才能解决这个数学问题 Only in this way can we work out the maths problem.,His argument does not make sense. 这个句子完全讲不通。 It makes sense to take care of your health. Can you make sense of the article ? Theres no sense in getting angry about it.,他的争论没有意义。,This sentence

12、 doesnt make any sense. This sentence makes no sense.,注意身体健康是明智的。,你 能不能理解这篇文章的意思？,为此生气是没有意思的。,make sense意为有意义；讲得通；有道理。,归纳拓展 (1)make sense是不及物动词短语，可用于it makes sense (for sb.) to do sth.结构中。而make sense of是及物动词短语。意为：理解，明白。 (2) a sense of humor幽默感 in a sense在某种程度上 lose ones sense昏过去;发疯;失去理智 There is no

13、sense in doing sth.做什么没有道理/没有必要/没意义,6.In 1514 he showed it _(private) to his friends. 7.He placed a _(fix) sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets _(go) round it and only the moon still going round the earth. 8.He also suggested that the earth _ (spin) as it went round it,privately,fi

14、xed,going,was spinning,spin -spun -spun-spinning e.g. We span the coin to see who would have first turn.,reject,an offer a possibility a theory,refuse to accept,rejected,candidate applicant,9.The Christian Church rejected his theory, _ (say) it was against Gods idea and people who supported it would

15、 be attacked.,saying,译:如果你认为这建议不适合你,你可以拒绝。,If you dont think the suggestion is suitable for you, you may reject it.,10.Copernicus theory is now the basis _ which all our ideas of the universe are built. 11. His theory replaced the Christian idea of gravity, _ said things fell to earth because God cr

16、eated the earth as the centre of the universe. 12.His friends were enthusiastic and encouraged him to publish his ideas, _Copernicus was cautious.,on,which,but,6. enthusiastic: be interested in Showenthusiasmforthingsthatyou expectotherstobeenthusiasticabout. 如果你想唤起别人对某件事的热情，自己先表现出热情。 enthusiasm for

17、 (doing)sth 对(做)某事充满热情 译：全体员工热衷于这个项目。 All the staff are enthusiastic about the project.,be enthusiastic about. 热衷于，对充满热情,The guard warned me to be cautious about strangers.,2.The bank is very cautious about lending money.,My father is a very cautious driver.,cautious: careful to avoid risk,3.警卫告戒我要当

18、心陌生人。,1.我的爸爸是一位非常谨慎的司机。,be cautious about sb./sth.小心; 谨慎于,用适当的介词填空。 1. The quarrel led _ the fighting between the two villagers. 2. He is always positive _ trying new ideas. 3. His father is very strict _ him and strict _ his studies too.,to,about,with,in,4. We should base our theory _ fact. 5. The

19、photo calls up the memory of his childhood _ times. 6. According to my point _ view, we should stick to our plan.,on,at,of,Discussion: If you were Nicolaus Copernicus, would you have hidden your theory for so many years? Why?,As a scientist, Copernicus was more cautious than coward. If he had publis

20、hed his ideas at his time, he would have been killed just as Bruno who was burnt to death because his theory was against the Christian Churchs. Every time when a new idea appears, there are always rejections. Its normal. Scientists should have patience to spread their truth., As a scientist, one sho

21、uld be brave. But Copernicus was afraid of being attacked by the Christian Church. So he had hidden his theory for so many years. What do you think of this?,Agree: 1.He was cautious. if he had published his ideas, he would have been killed just as Bruno who was burned to death because his theory was

22、 against the Christian Church. 2.Every time when a new idea appears, there are always rejections. Its normal. Scientists should have patience to spread their truth. 3.It made no sense for him to publish his theory in a hurry. He was just cautious not coward. He should protect himself first.,Disagree

23、: 1.Copernicus was very coward. He should speak out his discovery and let the world know the truth earlier. 2.Science can never advance unless people have the courage of their beliefs. 3.As a scientist, you must have the courage to publish your findings. No matter how people oppose them, time will s

24、how if your ideas are right or wrong.,Dear Nicolaus Copernicus,I am a student studying astronomy and I would very much like to read your new theory about the solar system. I hope you will publish it for several reasons.,I understand the problems with the present theory. The way the planets move is n

25、ot what you would expect if the earth was the center of the universe. It is also odd that the brightness of some stars seems to change. So I agree with you that we need a new theory.,Write a short letter asking Copernicus (not) to publish his ideas so everyone can read them,Yours sincerely, Lin Qi,I know your observations have been