情态动词have-done的用法.ppt

1、“情态动词+have done”的用法,一,“must+have+done”,表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定做过某事”，该结构只用于_句。,肯定,1. It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.,昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的。,2.You must have been mad to speak to the servant.,你和仆人说话，一定是发疯了。,二,“cant+have+done”,表示对过去事情的否定推测，译成“不可能做过某事”。 1. Mr. Smith cant have gone to Beijing

2、, for I saw him in the library just now. 2. Mary cant have stolen your money. She has gone home.,史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我刚才还在图书馆见过他。,玛丽不可能偷你的钱，她回家去了。,三、“can+have+done”,表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句，译成“可能做过吗？”。 1. There is no light in the room. Can they have gone out? 2. There is nowhere to find them. Where can they have g

3、one?,屋里没有灯，他们可能出去了吗？,到处找不到他们，他们可能到什么地方去呢？,四、“could+have+done”,是虚拟语气,表示对过去事情的假设,意思是本来能够做某事而没有做, “本来可以” 。 He could have passed the exam, but he was too careless.,本来他能够通过考试，但是他太粗心。,五、“may+have+done”,表示对发生过的事情的推测，意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”，用于肯定句中,也可用于否定句。 What has happened to George? I dont know. He may have got

4、lost. 乔治发生了什么事？ 我不知道，他可能迷路了。,They may not have known it beforehand.,他们事先可能不知道这事儿。,六、“might+have+done”,表示对过去事情的推测，might与may意思相同，但可能性更小。多用于虚拟语气结构中。表示本可能发生,但实际上没有发生的动作。 1. He might have given you more help, even though he was busy. (MET90) 2. She might have achieved greater progress, if you had given h

5、er more chances.,他或许会多给你一些帮助，即使他很忙。,如果你多给她点机会，她可能已经取得更大的成绩。,七、“should+have+done”,意思是“本来应该做某事，而实际没做。” “shouldnt+have+done”表示本来不应该做某事，而实际做了。含有指责对方或自责的含意。 1. Tom, you are too lazy. The work should have been finished yesterday. 2. Look, Tom is crying. I shouldnt have been so harsh on him.,汤姆，你太懒惰了，这项工作本

6、来应该昨天就做完的。,看，汤姆哭了，我本来不应该对他如此严厉。,八、“ought to+have+done”,表示过去应该做而实际并没有做，译成“理应做”，往往表示遗憾。与“should+have+done”用法基本一样。 I ought to have gone home last Sunday. You ought not to have given him more help.,我理应上星期日回家。,你不应该帮助他那么多。,九，“would+have+done”,虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是“本来会做”。 1. I would have told you all about t

7、he boys story, but you didnt ask me. 2. Without your help, I wouldnt have achieved so much.,我本来会告诉你这个小男孩的故事，但是你没有问我。,没有你的帮助，我是不会取得如此大的成绩。,十、“need+have+done”,表示本来需要做某事而没有做。“neednt+have+done”则表示“本来不需要做某事而做了”。 I neednt have bought so much wineonly five people came. He need have hurried to the station.

8、In that case, be wouldnt have missed the train.,我本来没有必要买这么多酒，只来了五个人。,他本来需要快点去车站，那样的话，他就不会误了火车。,高考题,【经典考例1】 The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I _ the trouble to carry my umbrella with me. (2006江西) A. should have taken B. could have taken C. neednt have taken D. mustnt have taken 【经典考例2】 We

9、 _ have proved great adventurers, but we have done the greatest march ever made in the past ten years. (2006天津) A. neednt B. may not C. shouldnt D. mustnt 【经典考例3】 As you worked late yesterday, you _ have come this morning. （2006陕西） A. maynt B. cant C. mustnt D. neednt,Thank you for all your hard wor

10、k last week. I dont think we _ it without you. (2008 山东) A. can manage B. could have managed C. could manage D. can have managed,高考链接,2. Im sorry. I _ at you the other day. Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself. (2008 江苏) A. shouldnt shout B. shouldnt have shouted C. mustnt shout D. mustnt ha

11、ve shouted,3. Hi, Tom. Any idea where Jane is? She _ in the classroom. I saw her there just now. (2009 重庆) A. shall be B. should have been C. must be D. might have been 4. But for their help, we _ the program in time. (2009 安徽) A. can not finish B. will not finish C. had not finished D. could not ha

12、ve finished,5. He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he _ it differently. (2009 江苏) A. could express B. would express C. could have expressed D. must have expressed,6. The weather has been very hot and dry. Yes. If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now! And my vegetables _. (2010 北京) A. wouldnt die B. didnt die C. hadnt died D. wouldnt have died,7. I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official. How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone _ it. (2011 江苏) A. will have st