《英语写作句型》PPT课件.ppt

1、Part Two: Paragraph Writing,Chapter One: The Structure of a Paragraph 1. 段落的主题与主题句 2. 段落的扩展 3. 段落的结尾 Chapter Two: Basic Paragraph Patterns 1. 列举法(Listing) 2. 举例法(Exemplification) 3. 时空顺序法(Time and Space Sequence) 4. 因果分析法(Cause and Effect) 5. 比较对照法(Comparison I mean wide awake. In the second place,

2、reading, if it is active, is thinking, and thinking tends to express itself in words, spoken or written. The marked book is usually the thought-through book. Finally, written helps you remember the thoughts you had, or the thoughts the author expressed.,Chapter Two: Basic Paragraph Patterns,Back,2.举

3、例法(Exemplification)A general statement supported by some examples,作者通过举出具体事例来阐述、说明主题句的内容，严格地讲，举例法也是列举法的一种，它们的区别在于：列举法侧重罗列事实，所列事实力求全面；而举例法侧重通过举出典型事例来解释作者观点，且事例可多可少。,Chapter Two: Basic Paragraph Patterns,Back,我们来看看下面这个用举例法展开的段落：,There are many different forms of exercises to suit different tastes. For

4、 example, those who enjoy competitive sports may take up ball games. For another example, if they prefer to exercise alone, they can have a run or take a walk in the morning or in the evening. Besides, people can go swimming in the summer and go skating in the winter. In short, no matter what their

5、interests are, people can always find more than one sports that are suitable to them.,Chapter Two: Basic Paragraph Patterns,Back,本段采用了三个事例来说明主题句，分别由连接词for example, for another example 和 besides引出，最后由 In short引导的结尾句总结全段内容。,常用于举例法段落的句型、句式和词语有： For example/instance, There are many examples to show that

6、 This can be illustrated / shown by the following examples / instances. One example is . Another example is An example of this is / involves ,运用举例法展开段落的写作模式如下： Topic sentenceone or more examplesConcluding sentence.,Chapter Two: Basic Paragraph Patterns,Back,Home work: Knowing A foreign Language is H

7、elpful,参考范文： Knowing a foreign language is helpful. I have got a better understanding of this with my own experience. Yesterday morning, I went to the bookstore to buy some books. When I got there, I saw a foreign lady talking to a salesgirl. But the salesgirl could not understand what she was sayin

8、g. I went up to them. She told me she needed a pocket English-Chinese dictionary. So I told the salesgirl what the foreigner wanted to buy. In a moment the foreign lady got the dictionary and she was very happy. Both she and the salesgirl thanked me a lot.,Chapter Two: Basic Paragraph Patterns,Back,

9、Home work: Knowing A foreign Language is Helpful,参考范文： Knowing a foreign language is helpful. Firstly, if you know a foreign language you can communicate with its native speakers thus enabling you to make a lot more friends. Secondly, it will help you to know about another culture and open your mind

10、 to new was of seeing things. Thirdly, it may offer you more chances to find a good job in a joint venture enterprise or an foreign-funded enterprise. So, knowing a foreign language is very important, we college students must work hard to master a foreign language.,Chapter Two: Basic Paragraph Patte

11、rns,Back,3. 时空顺序法(Time and Space Sequence)To describe a series of actions or a situation according to the time or space sequence,时空顺序法是按照事物本身的时间或空间的排列顺序，通过对一些特有过渡连接词的使用，有层次、分步骤地表达主题的一种写作手段。用这种方法展开段落，作者能够清楚连贯地交待事物的本末， 从而使读者可以清晰、完整地理解 文章的含义。,Chapter Two: Basic Paragraph Patterns,Back,例如： Yesterday was

12、 one of those awful days for me when everything I did went wrong. First, I didnt hear my alarm clock and arrived late for work. Then, I didnt read my diary properly and forgot to get to an important meeting with my boss. During the coffee break, I dropped my coffee cup and spoilt my new skirt. At lu

13、nch time, I left my purse on a bus and lost all the money that was in it. After lunch, my boss was angry because I hadnt gone to the meeting. Then I didnt notice a sign on a door that said Wet Paint and so I spoilt my jacket too. When I got home I couldnt get into my flat because I had left my key i

14、n my office. So I broke a window to get in and cut my hand.,Chapter Two: Basic Paragraph Patterns,Back,本段采用的是时间顺序法，根据本段主题句中的关键词组everything I did went wrong，作者按时间顺序列举了他所做的8件错事，分别由first, then, during the coffee break, after lunch等连接词语引出，使得该文条理清楚、内容连贯。,Chapter Two: Basic Paragraph Patterns,Back,再看一例： I

15、n the flat opposite, a woman heard the noise outside. When she looked out through the window, she discovered that her neighbor was threatened by someone. She immediately called the police station. In answer to the call, a patrol police car arrived at the scene of the crime quickly. Three policemen w

16、ent inside the flat at once, and others guarded outside the building to prevent anyone from escaping.,Chapter Two: Basic Paragraph Patterns,Back,本段是按照事物发展的空间和先后顺序，叙述从发现案情、报警、到警察赶到、包围现场的过程。作者采用了许多表示空间位置的词汇，如： In the flat opposite, outside, lookout through the window等等，使读者仿佛身临其境。,常用于时间顺序法段落的过渡连接词有：fir

17、st, at the beginning, to start with, after that, later, then, afterwards, in the end, finally等可以表示时间先后的词汇。,常用于空间顺序法段落的过渡连接词有：from here, inside, out of, in front of, behind, at the back of, next to, beside, on, over, above, under, beneath, beyond, on the right/left-hand side, on the corner, on the op

18、posite side of, between等可以表示空间位置的词汇。,Chapter Two: Basic Paragraph Patterns,Back,Homework: My Dormitory is a Large, Spacious and Comfortable Room with Four Beds,参考范文： My dormitory is a large, spacious and comfortable room with four beds. As you walk into the room, you are faced with a large window on the sout