猜测词义句意.ppt

1、2014届高三英语备课组,阅读专题- 猜测词义句意,课堂教学目标,1、明确2014年高考考试说明中关于阅读理解试题的考查要求； 2、通过学习使学生掌握基本的阅读理解试题中关于猜测生词意义的解题技巧； 3、运用所学的解题技巧进行课堂训练，通过错题再现巩固学生对解题技巧的理解与运用。,2014年考试说明中关于阅读理解的要求:,要求考生读懂简易的英语文学作品、科普文章、 公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志及各类媒体中关 于一般性话题的简短文章并回答相关问题。考生应能： 、理解主旨要义； 、理解文中具体信息； 、根据上下文提供的线索推测生词的词义； 、根据文中事实和线索作出简单判断和理解； 、理解文章的

2、宏观结构和文脉逻辑关系； 、理解作者的观点、意图和态度； 7、提炼文章提纲、概括主要内容、理解关键信息,常见的设问形式： The underlined word “ ” refers to/ probably means/ could best be replaced by . Which of the following words can take the place of the word “ ”? “_”, as used in the passage, can be defined as _. Which of the following has the closest meanin

3、g to the word “ ”? What do you think the expression. stands for? By saying “” we mean _.,词汇,语境,猜测词义句意,阅读理解之,猜测词义句意,猜测词义句意之 八大解题技巧,1.否定前/后缀: dissatisfaction; illegal; impossible; incorrect; mislead; nonstop; unhappy; malnutrition; poisonless 2.表人的后缀： employer; inventor; interviewee; Chinese(国民); tech

4、nician; psychologist; actress(女性) 3.其他常见词缀： pitiful(充满的); interact(相互); telephone(远程); troublesome(有特点的); unavoidable(能够的); submarine(下面的); subtitle(次一级的); automobile(自动的); antigovernment(反对); widen(使); enlarge(使); simplify(使化); socialize(使成为); reuse (再,又); bicycle(两个); triangle(三个); multilingual(多个

5、); biology(生物); hydroelectricity(水),词汇解题: 1. 构词法,误导,营养不良,无毒的,心理学家,互动,不可避免的,次标题,加宽,扩大,三角形,多种语言的,A biodegradable mobile phone was, this month, introduced by scientists. It is hoped that the new type of phone will encourage consumers to recycle. The underlined word “biodegradable” most probably means _

6、. A. capable of being broken down into small pieces by biological means B. suitable to be broken down into different grades C. easy to be divided into small pieces D. difficult to get separated from one another,错题再现: (苏州一模卷),China Post Group issued nationwide a set of special stamps of Confucius Ins

7、titute themed “interaction” and “teaching” on Saturday. The stamps featuring the theme of exchange and teaching were the first such stamps ever issued by China Post. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “interaction”? A. entertainment B. learning C. exchange D. creatio

8、n,错题再现: (连云港一模卷),词汇解题: 2. 近/同义词法,1.There was a comfortable air about her room (n气氛) 2.The stranger returned my greeting with a blank look (adj没表情的) 3.The cultural climate here is somehow a little upsetting (n风气,思潮) 4.He just laughed and dismissed my suggestion as unrealistic(v拒绝考虑) 5.Im about to exp

9、lode! He broke my violin (v勃然大怒) 6.I use all my might to open the door(n力量) 7.I related my adventure to my family(v讲述) 8.Thenews traveledfast. (v以某速度传播) 9.You must exploit every opportunity to learn new things. (v. 利用),词汇解题: 3. 熟词生义,错题再现(南通三模卷),If I had one thing to say, it wouldnt even be about riv

10、ers necessarily. It would be about finding a cause that is dear to you and taking action. Which of the following matches the last paragraph best? He maintains his cause with the help from society. B. He aims at recycling what have been found in rivers. C. He makes a living by cleaning waterways all

11、over the country.,事业,信号词：be, be called, means, be defined as, refer to 标点：逗号、冒号、破折号 句型：同位语、定语从句、同位语从句 Examples: Host family accommodation refers to a kind of accommodation in which the student is treated as a full member of the host family, eating together and sharing the living areas with the hosts

12、. Immigrants are defined as those who move to a foreign country to make their homes.,语境解题: 1. 定义解释法,404 ERROR: Including citations to non-existent or inaccurate information about sources. The Code “404 ERROR” probably means _. A. no citation B. not found C. some changes D. many errors,错题再现: (南京盐城三模卷

13、),Members in the new alliance share the idea of “food sovereignty”, which insists on the right of people to produce for themselves and their communities and rejects corporate(共同的) control of the food system. What does the underlined word “sovereignty” mean? a role to play in production C. an indepen

14、dent power D. adequate preparation,错题再现: (Paper 13),Humans are unusual in the way they sleep. Most animals have a sleep during the day and tests have shown that a siesta can be beneficial for us too. Its even been recommended that airline pilots should have a nap during long flights so that they are

15、 more alert for the tricky business of landing. The underlined word “siesta” means _. A. a good rest B. a little dream C. a short sleep D. a daydream,语境解题: 2. 举例法,错题再现: (南京二模卷),By learning to help around the house through activities such as household jobs, babysitting and keeping a tidy bedroom, chi

16、ldren learn valuable lessons that they carry with them to their future workplaces and in future relationships. “Household jobs” are mentioned to show that such activities _. A. prepare children for their future B. help children form good habits C. strengthen childrens understanding of society,错题再现:

17、(百校大联考),There is no link between childrens academic performance and mothers who go out to work in the first years of their lives, according to new research. A study of 40000 children dispelled the common parenting myth that children whose mothers go out to work still struggle at school. The underlin

18、ed word “dispelled” means _. held back B. drove away C. maintained D. established,语境解题: 3. 重现复述法,错题再现: (Paper 16),“I dont think this story is just about frogs,” Johnson said. The scientists did not specifically measure how many frog populations at the study sites had declined “though its quite high”

19、. “Overall, though, frog populations will fluctuate widely from year to year,” said Erin Muths, a zoologist at the US Geological Survey in Fort Collins, Colorado. Those fluctuations are usually based on an unpredictable resource: water. For instance, sometimes ponds dry up, killing many frog eggs. “

20、These changes make it difficult to tell whether we are looking at a real decline in frogs,” she said. The underlined word “fluctuate” probably means _. A. boom B. increase C. remain D. change,错题再现: (扬州一模卷),Recycling aluminum cans saves 95% of the energy needed to make aluminum from bauxite ore. The

21、underlined words “bauxite ore” refers to _. a metal which can be used to make cans B. a mineral from which a certain metal can be obtained C. a container in which a certain material can be stored D. a matter which can be used to produce energy,语境解题: 4. 经验常识,错题再现: (无锡一模卷),铝,文段上下文逻辑关系的信号词: 对比关系：but, h

22、owever, yet, whereas, otherwise, while, though, on the one handon the other hand, for one thingfor another thing, instead, on the contrary, in contrast 等 因果关系:so, thus, therefore, so that, cause, so/ suchthat, 等 分总关系: in conclusion, in all, it, that, these 等 递进关系：just, even, only 等,语境解题: 5. 逻辑关系推理：,

23、Then it wasnt until they were driving for thirty minutes that they realized they had put in a destination back on the West Coast where they lived. They actually put their home address in. So again, the GPS is kind of garbage in garbage out.” What is the implication of the underlined part? B. GPS wil

24、l not correct human errors. C. GPS adjusts your wrong destination. D. GPS is just as smart as human beings.,错题再现: (苏锡常镇三模卷),语境解题: 5. 逻辑推理：因果关系,（1）.,How do they make ends meet? You might think, if you saw how few customers come and go. But you see, the shop is, in financial terms, just a sideline. Th

25、e proper business takes place elsewhere. The underlined word “sideline” probably means an activity _. one is not skilled in B. the source of ones life depends on C. that can bring someone a large sum of money D. one does besides his main business for extra money,错题再现: (南京盐城一模卷),语境解题: 5. 逻辑推理：对比关系,(2

26、).,A financial panic gripped London. Government bonds were offered at low prices. Few people noticed that Rothschild was snapping up these bonds when everyone else was desperately trying to sell them. The underlined phrase “snapping up” means _. A. giving away B. putting aside C. getting in D. using

27、 up,错题再现: (扬泰南连淮三模卷),“I mean Max cant keep eating junk food every day.” “Oh. That. Im sorry about that. Its just that I work back-to-back jobs every night and barely make it home in time to get him out of bed and dressed before camp starts in the morning. I end up having to throw something together

28、at the last minute. Ill make sure it doesnt happen any more.” “It happens to the best of us; I just wanted to make sure you knew what he was eating.” By “It happens to the best of us”, Jake is saying that _. everyone may run into tough situations in life B. everyone can come up with solutions even w

29、hen busy C. every child should be provided with healthy food,错题再现: (Paper 13),语境解题: 5. 逻辑推理：分总关系,(3).,The dark ocean absorbs most of the suns energy, warming the waters. Heat is then passed to the air, causing a rise in temperature, which affects both life in the area and climate around the globe. T

30、hat makes sea ice an important part of our ecosystem, the system of interactions between living and nonliving things. What does the underlined word “That” refer to? The Arctic Ocean is full of sea ice. B. Sea Ice can change the temperature of Earth. C. Climate around the world is changing gradually. D. Living and nonliving things interact with each other.,错题再现: (Paper 9),Learn about your audience. Will it be a speech to your church staff or maybe your companys board? Are they younger or older? Fun or critical? Most of these partic