国际音标元音教学课件.ppt

1、Do not be afraid of making mistakes. Because everyone makes mistakes.,音标教学,26个字母的读音 Aa / e Bb / :/ Cc / : / Dd / : / Ee / : / Ff / e / Gg / : / Hh /e / Ii / / Jj / e / Kk / e / Ll / e / Mm / e / Nn / en / Oo / / Pp / p : / Qq /kju: / Rr / / Ss / es / Tt / t : / Uu / u: / Vv /v: / Ww / : / Xx /eks /

2、Yy / w / Zz / ze /,Phonetics,English phonetic symbols,前元音 中元音 后元音,: e : : : u u:,单元音,合口双元音 集中双元音, u u u,双元音,单元音,前元音,: ,舌尖抵下齿，舌前部尽力抬高 双唇微微张开，呈扁平口形，如同微笑时； 发音时声带振动（手摸喉咙能感觉到）,前元音,: ,ee ea ei ie e i ey,下面这些字母及组合发这个音,bee sheep week sweet keep deep,tea leave pea sea meat eat,seize receive,thief field niece

3、,he she eve we,police machine,key,: ,练习下面的词组,in the tree in the deep sea have a meeting keep a dog,in the street in the fields eat meat a key man,: ,练习下面的句子,Lets eat some peas. Please take this seat. We often see sheep in the field. 3 from 6 leaves 3. Mr. Green is on leave.,: ,背诵下面的句子,Seeing is beli

4、eving. 眼见为实。 A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情。 Deeds are fruits and words are leaves. 言是叶，行是果。 A new broom sweeps clean. 新官上任三把火。, ,舌尖抵下齿，舌前部向上腭抬起，比: 发音时略低； 双唇仍呈扁平口形，比: 要稍大； 发音时声带振动，发音时间比: 短促。,前元音, ,i y e u a ui ey o ei,下面这些字母及组合发这个音,big pig film six kick dig,copy gym pity rainy cloudy sun

5、ny,expect careless goodness,cabbage village private,build quick guitar,honey donkey monkey money,women,foreign,business busy minute, ,练习下面的词组,a big city a lovely baby a little monkey,a pretty lady a busy day a foreign language milk a cow, ,练习下面的句子,Miss Betty is a pretty lady. What a big pity! The di

6、sh of fish is delicious. Marry can copy the file. Its a crime to pick a pocket., 与 : 的发音对比,It is a good peach. It is a good pitch. I didnt catch the sheep. I didnt catch the ship.,in the evening fifteen sheep a speeding ticket a steel mill, e ,舌尖抵下齿，舌前部向上腭稍抬起，舌位比: 发音时略低； 双唇呈扁平口形，开口度比: 要稍大； 发音时声带振动；

7、上下齿间可容纳一个食指尖。,前元音,e a ea ai ie ue,下面这些字母及组合发这个音,bed get desk cent help best better,any many,bread weather head dead weapon,said,friend,guest request, e ,练习下面的词组,a red letter day a piece of bread make a request get wet,a best seller the letter head make friends take a rest, e ,练习下面的句子,We should learn

8、 step by step. There are ten well dressed men. My vest is wet with sweat. My head ached. I need a rest. This is the best book Ive ever read., e , ,舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬起，比 e 发音时略低，开口度比 e 大； 双唇向两旁平伸，成扁平形； 发音时声带振动； 发音时咽喉有收缩； 上下齿间可容纳食指和中指。,它的形式和读音比较特别，我们需要特别记忆。它的样子像梅花，我们可以记忆为梅花 。,前元音,a,下面这些字母及组合发这个音,cat cap fat

9、flag plan bad chat family flat habit happy rabbit have Granny hand, ,练习下面的词组,a black bag hand in hand have a chat a happy family,a bad apple 坏蛋 a bad habit 坏习惯 a flat cap 扁平帽子 a fat cat 一个有钱的大亨, ,练习下面的句子,Marry always follows fashion. He organized a jazz band. Jack is a handsome man. Marry can copy t

10、he file., , e 与 的发音对比,Put your left hand on the desk. Marry and Jack are good friends.,a bad bed a left hand have breakfast dead matter,Revision,A busy bee begins a busy day. Peter is digging a pit. Its easy to dig a deep dig here. A fat cat is catching a fat rat. There is a red hat on his black bed

11、., : e ,中元音, ,中元音,后缩，舌尖轻触下齿，舌中部稍抬起； 双唇张开，唇形稍扁，并稍向后两旁平移； 发音时声带振动；,u o ou oo,下面这些字母及组合发这个音,sun cup but duck study subject,son love come front money mother,enough young double cousin,blood flood, ,练习下面的词组,come on front runner roast duck,a flood of tears a sudden arrival enough food, ,练习下面的句子,A little d

12、uck jumped in the river suddenly. The bus comes once in ten minutes. On a sunny Sunday, my son went to a picnic., ,背诵下面的句子,Love me, love my dog. 爱屋及乌。 Well begun, well done. 善始善终。 Never trouble troubles until troubles trouble you. 不要自找麻烦。, ,:,中元音,舌放平，舌尖轻抵下齿底部，舌中部略抬起； 双唇呈扁平口形； 发音时声带振动；,ir er or ur ea

13、r our,下面这些字母及组合发这个音,birth first shirt third bird,her German mercy person service,work worst worth word,fur hurt,early learn earth,journey,:,练习下面的词组,turn red at first on earth at work,serve a customer give birth to a son learn the words make a journey,:,练习下面的句子,My shirt is dirty. I work as a nurse. I

14、 will travel around the world. I will begin my work on Thursday.,:, ,中元音,舌放平，舌尖轻抵下齿底部，舌中部略抬起； 双唇呈扁平口形； 发音时声带振动；,i a o u or,下面这些字母及组合发这个音,terrible flexible possible,library company along,correct seldom protect,chorus minimum August,author doctor visitor actor, ,er ar ur ure our,下面这些字母及组合发这个音,teacher

15、water letter worker,standard particular sugar,Saturday,lecture,labour, ,练习下面的词组,Number Ten at eleven oclock from cover to cover the writers of today,in September on Saturday post a letter draw a picture, ,练习下面的句子,I like to read books from cover to cover. Peter is the books author. As a visitor, I li

16、ke Beijing in September. There are six perosns in my family, my father, my mother, my brother, my sister and I., ,后元音,:,口张大，舌尖压低并后缩，舌尖不抵触下齿； 舌后稍抬起，双唇微收圆； 发音时声带振动,后元音,ar a al ear au,下面这些字母及组合发这个音,star park dark car far start,pass example bath answer after,calm palm half,heart,aunt laugh,:,练习下面的词组,sta

17、rting time take a bath for example a three-star hotel,a party staff room take heart at sth. the last year,:,练习下面的句子,A car is passing by the parks. My heart is beating hard. Hell start for the party soon. They are playing cards.,:,背诵下面的句子,He who laughs last laughs best. 谁笑到最后，谁就笑得最好。,:,:与 的发音对比,He wa

18、s forced to come down. He was forced to calm down. My son is taking a bath. Jacks jumper is marked. Warmth flooded my heart.,Revision,Andy took his car. Mark took the bus The women are singing and dancing in the park. The birds feather are dirty. Lets clean them. Which shirt is hers? The third shirt

19、 is hers., ,舌身压低并后缩，舌后部抬起，比:发音时略低； 双唇呈中圆口型，并向前突出； 发音时声带振动。,后元音,o a ou ow au,下面这些字母及组合发这个音,knock clock stop sorry long,wash watch what want quarrel,cough,because,knowledge, ,练习下面的词组,have a cough an office block keep a close watch on have a knowledge of English,clock in hot dog in the long run on holi

20、day, ,练习下面的句子,Tom is at the boss office. The shop opens at six oclock. My boss loves novels. The socks cost me 60 dollars., ,舌身压低并后缩，舌后部抬起； 双唇呈中圆口形，并向前突出； 发音时声带振动；,:,后元音,or ou a al au,下面这些字母及组合发这个音,horse short nor,ought thought bought,always although water,ball hall walk,caught daughter autumn,:,aw

21、ore oar oor our,下面这些字母及组合发这个音,dawn law raw,before more sore,soar board board,floor door,four,:,练习下面的词组,At dawn Eat like a horse daughter-in-law in the school hall,a drawing board in autumn raw water before long,:,练习下面的句子,Its a quarter to four. Lets walk and talk. They bought tickets yesterday. I oft

22、en have a short walk at dawn.,:,:与 的发音对比,The man was shot. The man was short. Let me knock at the door. A cock crows at dawn.,背诵： Art is long, life is short. 生命短暂，艺术永恒。 Imagination is more important than knowledge. 想象力比知识重要。, u ,舌尖离开下齿，但不与上齿接触； 舌身后缩，舌后部向软腭抬起； 双唇呈圆形，稍微向前突出； 发音时声带振动；,后元音,u oo oul o,下面

23、这些字母及组合发这个音,put sugar push bush bullet,cook good foot took look book brook stood hook wood,could should,fur hurt, u ,练习下面的词组,a good-looking woman some good sugar a cook-book, u ,练习下面的句子,Jack is good cook. He took two sugars in his coffee., u ,u:,后元音,舌尖离开下齿，舌后部向软腭抬起，比u发音时略高； 双唇收得比u 更圆更小且向前突出； 口腔肌肉始终保

24、持紧张状态； 发音时声带振动。,o oo ou u oe ew ui ue,下面这些字母及组合发这个音,do two move who whose lose,tool food tooth school cool too,shoe canoe,fruit,u:,group through soup you routine,rule June Susan,flew crew,blue,练习下面的词组,a glass of juice the school rules in June blood group A,u:,练习下面的句子,Ill clean my room soon. Its cool

25、 in autumn. Have some fruit, please. The moon rises at night. The sky was blue and clear.,u:,Revision,My daughter bought a box of chocolate. Lets choose a good-looking goose.,双元音,合口双元音,合口双元音,先发 e 音，然后滑向 音； 双唇稍平，口形从半开到合； 发音前长后短，前重后轻； 发音时声带振动。,a ay ai ei ea ey oa,下面这些字母及组合发这个音,ate game cake labour laz

26、y,day way may,break great steak,goal,wait rain fail complain sail fail,neighbour eight weight,they,练习下面的词组,break away a lazy person go away mend ones ways 改邪归正 rain cats and dogs. 下倾盆大雨,练习下面的句子,We should play safe. 我们不能冒险。 One the way a girl waved to me. Its my pay day today. 今天是我发薪的日子。 Dont say tha

27、t again. Please help me save face. 请给我留点面子。,练习下面绕口令,The baker is making a cake. Make a birthday cake for Kate. The baker is baking a cake. Bake a birthday cake for Kate, as fast as he can.,合口双元音,先发 音，然后滑向 音； 发 音时，舌尖抵住下齿； 发音前长后短，前重后轻； 发音过程中，下颚迅速向上移动； 发音时声带振动。,y i igh ie ei uy ye,下面这些字母及组合发这个音,fly by

28、cry,rice side time wide private,either eider height,dye,night right fight high,lie tie die,buy guy,练习下面的词组,day and night wine and dine sb. 用酒宴招待某人 behind the times a quiet life,练习下面的句子,I like a quiet life. He often wines and dines us. I dont like this tight-fitting dress. I decided to ride a bike.,背

29、诵下面的句子,Beauty lies in lovers eyes. 情人眼里出西施。 Like father, like son. 有其父必有其子。 Great minds think alike. 英雄所见略同。 Times flies. 光阴飞逝。,合口双元音,先发 音，然后滑向 音； 唇形由圆唇变为扁唇； 发音前长后短，前重后轻； 发音时声带振动。,oy oi,下面这些字母及组合发这个音,boy toy joy soy enjoy coy employ deploy destroy annoy loyal royal,oil coin noise boil choice soil jo

30、in disappointed,练习下面的词组,enjoy ones job be loyal to ones country a toy dog join the army boil over 煮沸溢出,练习下面的句子,The boy likes to play the toy dog. I had a joyful voyage. Ill explain my plan point by point. The water is boiling.,u,合口双元音,先发 音，然后滑向 u 音； 发音过程中，下颚稍抬高，双唇由扁平收圆； 发音前长后短，前重后轻； 发音时声带振动。,o ow oa

31、 ou oe ew,下面这些字母及组合发这个音,so no home those told poem note,throw tomorrow show bowl,soul though shoulder,sew,load toast boat road,toe,u,练习下面的词组,go home shoulder to shoulder road show 巡回演出 soap opera boat race,u,练习下面的句子,No smoking. I can row a boat. Ill show you some coats. I got a low-interest loan.,u,

32、背诵下面的句子,As you sow you shall mow. 种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆。 Little strokes fell great oaks. 滴水穿石。 All roads lead to Rome. A rolling stone gathers no moss. 滚石不生苔。（流水不腐。）,u,u,合口双元音,先发 音，然后滑向 u 音； 双唇逐渐收成圆形，并把舌后部稍稍抬起； 发音前长后短，前重后轻； 发音时声带振动。,下面这些字母及组合发这个音,u,ow ou,owl cow how now down crowd allow town flower power bower,

33、mouth out house ground around mouse loud sound found our fountain counter,练习下面的词组,around the house down in the mouth 垂头丧气的 hour hand 时钟 house plant,u,练习下面的句子,u,Knowledge is power. Many drops make a shower. There is no smoke without fire. Out of sight, out of mind.,Revision,They ate eight cakes in tw

34、o days. A boy is riding a red bike in the town. I put the glider down on the ground.,集中双元音,集中双元音,先发 音，然后滑向 音； 发 音时，用扁平唇； 发音过程中，双唇稍稍展开； 发音前长后短，前重后轻； 发音时声带振动。,ea ear ia eer ere iou,下面这些字母及组合发这个音,idea real realize theatre,ear dear near clear year,here mere,material,beer cheer peer deer pioneer,various,

35、练习下面的词组,clear ideas be all ears 专心倾听 cheer up clear up the desk,练习下面的句子,Cheers! He lives near the theatre. Come here, my dear!,集中双元音,先发 音，然后滑向 音； 双唇半开； 发音前长后短，前重后轻； 发音时声带振动。,ear air are ere a eir ar,下面这些字母及组合发这个音,bear wear pear,air hair chair fair repair,parent various area,scarce,dare spare share r

36、are square,there where nowhere,their heir,练习下面的词组,a spare tire in bad repair here and there,练习下面的句子,I gave Mary a pair of chairs. Where is John? He is over there.,与 的发音对比,It has a good ear. It has good air. Here is the hare. Here is a spare tire. There is fire here and there in the forest.,u,集中双元音,先

37、发 u 音，然后滑向 音； 发 u 时，不要把舌抬得过高，以免读成u:； 双唇由稍圆而展开； 发音前长后短，前重后轻； 发音时声带振动。,oor ua our ure,下面这些字母及组合发这个音,poor moor poorly,February usual,during curious purity,tour gourd bourse,pure sure,lure cure,u,ju u ure,辅音,爆破音,p,发音时，双唇紧闭，然后突然放开，让口腔内气流冲出，爆破成音。发音时声带不振动。,练习下面的词汇,p,1.pea peach peak pie pig pack pair park

38、pause peace pork put pick 2.appear compose compare sleeper spring whisper spend beeper supper hopper 3.sharp rope tape cap step lip harp heap,爆破音,b,发音时，双唇紧闭，然后突然放开，让口腔内气流冲出，爆破成音。发音时声带振动。,练习下面的词汇,b,1.bee back bear beach bad bill beak bait book big bye bake 2.obey robber labor member timber jobber rib

39、bon verbal 3.cab tribe job lab mob rob herb,爆破音,t,发音时，舌尖紧贴齿龈，形成阻碍，然后突然放开，让口腔内气流冲出，爆破成音。发音时声带不振动。,练习下面的词汇,t,1.tailor turn tune tide tea top tap tell tire 2.internal repetition factory settle motive grateful hostage 3.represent invent fact used translate heat hit wet wait white,爆破音,d,发音时，舌尖紧贴齿龈，形成阻碍，然

40、后突然放开，让口腔内气流冲出，爆破成音。发音时声带振动。,练习下面的词汇,d,1.day delight dignity double dinner deep dip debt date doubt 2.golden leader minded kingdom tender lady ladder 3.gold dead mind head field feed pod friend bread,爆破音,k,发音时，舌后部隆起，紧贴软腭，形成阻碍，然后突然放开，让口腔内气流冲出，爆破成音。发音时声带不振动。,练习下面的词汇,k,1.cat kite coco courage chemical

41、king kept come came cost, 2.fact election liquid outskirts critical 3.think magic neck lock sake bark look wake work,爆破音,g,发音时，舌后部隆起，形成阻碍，然后突然放开，让口腔内气流冲出，爆破成音。发音时声带振动。,练习下面的词汇,g,1.guest gust groom goal glad God gun guide got get 2.linger angle again pregnant figure finger 3.leg tag egg flag league j

42、ug dog pig bag,摩擦音,f,发音时，下唇轻触上齿，让口腔内气流从唇齿间通过，形成摩擦音。发音时声带不振动。,练习下面的词汇,f,1.food fetch fan ferry few feet fat form farm firm 2.afford afraid prefer laughter soften reform reflect refine, refer infer, 3.beef enough knife loaf hoof safe life tough laugh,摩擦音,v,发音时，下唇轻触上齿，让口腔内气流从唇齿间通过，形成摩擦音。发音时声带振动。,练习下面的词

43、汇,v,1.voice vain vocation victory vest vary volley vote 2.driver review eleven novel avoid invoice invest invite 3.above live love have wave leave five,摩擦音,7,发音时，舌尖轻触上齿背，气流由舌齿间送出，形成摩擦音。发音时声带不振动。,练习下面的词汇,7,1.third think thunder theme thought thing thank 2.truthful fifthly athlete author something 3.b

44、ath both mouth month, tooth youth birth,背诵下面的句子,0,发音时，舌尖轻触上齿背，气流由舌齿间送出，形成摩擦音。发音时声带振动。,练习下面的词汇,0,1.then those though there this their that these they thus 2.without mother either weather whether 3.breathe bath clothe smooth with,摩擦音,s,发音时，舌端靠近齿龈，气流由舌端齿龈间送出，形成摩擦音。发音时声带不振动。,练习下面的词汇,s,1.sit scene city s

45、orry something set sat soft sour soil 2.listen message receive sincere essay cost casement cask 3.loss box ice ships Jacks this course ass rice gas,摩擦音,z,发音时，舌端靠近齿龈，气流由舌端齿龈间送出，形成摩擦音。发音时声带振动。,练习下面的词汇,z,1.zone zebra zoo zero zip 2.exact scissors puzzle reason residence resign resist resolve 3.ages her

46、s pause goes chosen gaze buzz lose as,摩擦音,5,发音时，舌端靠近齿龈后部，舌身抬起靠近上腭，双唇稍收圆并略突出，让口腔内气流从舌面与一腭间隙缝中挤出时摩擦成音。发音时声带不振动。,练习下面的词汇,5,1.share shed ship shore shoe shine show sheet shake shower 2.mention voracious vicious usher 3.lavish fish dish Spanish, rush wash wish fresh,摩擦音,9,发音时，舌端靠近齿龈后部，舌身抬起靠近上腭，双唇稍收圆并略突出，

47、让口腔内气流从舌面与一腭间隙缝中挤出时摩擦成音。发音时声带振动。,练习下面的词汇,9,1.vision azure pleasure visual usual treasure measure 2.arage mirage massage, collage prestige,摩擦音,h,发音时，气流不受阻碍，仅在通过声门时发出轻微的摩擦。口形不定，随其后的元音而变化。发音时声带不振动。,练习下面的词汇,h,1.horse house hale hearty have whole hell heat half-and-half his help hand had hard hot hook he

48、ard horn hurry 2.childhood secondhand inhuman inherit lighthouse inhabit subhuman household behind behave behavior behalf,鼻音,m,发音时，双唇闭拢，软腭下垂，让气流从鼻腔送出，声带振动。发音完毕，双唇仍保持紧闭状态。,练习下面的词汇,m,1.money music must motive mountain middle master mutual midnight measure meet miss meat mist mad male month myself 2.sa

49、mple simple normal hammer imagine comfort animal postman company camp female handsome complete statement woman appointment example apartment small e room poem lamb arm calm claim shame game form home yam same,鼻音,n,发音时，舌尖抵上齿龈，形成阻碍，软腭下垂，气流从鼻腔送出，声带振动。发音时，双唇始终微微张开。,练习下面的词汇,n,1.no know knowledge note nob

50、le nervous night navy name now nail narrow nasty neck nasal nation native neglect 2.honor plenty land ground cant government banner offense island business distance technique tendency technical transport 3.woman contain eaten taken sudden kitchen season broken American sun win train tradition,鼻音,6,发

51、音时，软腭下垂，堵住口腔通道，气流从鼻腔送出，声带振动。,练习下面的词汇,6,1.singer stronger English language ringer hunger sing wing handkerchief linger bring rink angry hungry thank Thanksgiving 2.long rang morning drawing driving cooking reading working walking painting eating drinking running advertising finding looking,半元音,w,发音时，

52、舌后部向软腭抬起，舌位高。双唇收小并向前突出，声带振动。发音短促，发音瞬间即滑向后面的元音。,练习下面的词汇,w,1.will would work wall word Washington wander wit whip wealthy wheel wait went while wear why wound wane which 2.persuade vowel always square swim sweep swam swell power quiet quarrel quantity question quick quack swear swan sweet sweat shower

53、,半元音,j,发音时，舌前部尽量向上腭抬起，舌位高。双唇伸展成扁平状，声带振动。发音瞬间即滑向后面的元音。,练习下面的词汇,j,1.you yours yard yesterday year yield unify yen use yawn yes yoke yearn young yet yellow 2.union coal-yard opinion million value few abuse accuse fuel humor hue huge humiliate music mute mutual,摩擦音,l,发音时，舌尖及舌端紧贴上齿龈，舌前部向硬腭抬起，气流从舌的两侧送出。,练

54、习下面的词汇,l,1.lead lunch local London look large love learn lobby Lyre lunatic lucid lovely logic loose lookout loin 2.influence world shield float flow felt film glue child solve lowland middleman olive silly stimulate silt valley 3.people girl bottle trail medical apple middle pole ill pill bill wrin

55、kle maple noodle novel,摩擦音,r,发音时，舌尖向上齿龈后部卷起，舌两侧稍收拢，双唇略突出，气流通过舌尖和齿龈形成轻微摩擦，发音时声带振动。,练习下面的词汇,r,1.rare repair rent repay replace report republic round wrong respect read red rid rod room rude right wrote rain 2.merry merit literal hurry veteran factory quarrel ferry grass cream crack craft crop crazy gr

56、ain grown,破擦音,t5,发音时，舌尖舌端抬起贴住上齿龈后部，形成阻碍，气流冲破这个阻碍后，舌和齿龈间仍保持一个狭缝，发出摩擦的声音。发音时声带不振动。,练习下面的词汇,t5,1.chance chalk chief chest choice cheap chip chest chat chop 2.discharge entrenchment richer picture torture 3.which sandwich hatch rich inch reach torch march,破擦音,d9,发音时，舌尖舌端抬起贴住上齿龈后部，形成阻碍，气流冲破这个阻碍后，舌和齿龈间仍保持

57、一个狭缝，发出摩擦的声音。发音时声带振动。,练习下面的词汇,d9,1.Jack jacket jeep gymnastic geography germ Jane join joke judge 2.biology rejoin major margin 3.edge age charge urge badge large,破擦音,tr,发音时，舌身与发r音相似，舌尖贴齿龈后部，气流冲破阻碍发出短促的t后立即发r。发音时声带不振动。,练习下面的词汇,tr,1.trial trip treasure translate troy tree treat tread track true 2.int

58、erest extra struggle stress strange streak straw strength strike industry,破擦音,dr,发音时，舌身与发r音相似，舌尖贴齿龈后部，气流冲破阻碍发出短促的d后立即发r。发音时声带振动。,破擦音,dr,发音时，舌身与发r音相似，舌尖贴齿龈后部，气流冲破阻碍发出短促的d后立即发r。发音时声带振动。,练习下面的词汇,dr,drive dry drag dress drove drink dream dreary drown,音节的概念,音节是由元音和辅音构成的发音单位。一个音节通常由一个元音音素加上一个或几个辅音字母构成。单独一个元音字母也可以构成一个音节。但辅音一般不单独构成音节。,音节的分类,音节包括重读音节和非重读音节。重读音节又分为开音 节、闭音节、r 音节和re 音节。在一个词中，有几个 元音音素（不是元音字母 ），就有几个音节。单词按 其音节多少来划分，可分为三种: 单音节词 由一个音节构成的词叫做单音节词，如big, fight, I, you, a 等 双音节词 由两个音节构成的词叫做双音节词，如worker, teacher, our等。 多音节词 由三个或三个以上