同位语从句 (共42张PPT)

1、appositive clause,grammar,the idea that you would cross the whole continent was exciting. the idea that you can cross canada in less than five days is just wrong. the fact that ocean ships can go there surprises many people.,1. 概念: 在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。 2. 功能: 同位语从句对名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容。,同位语从句,3. 抽象名词: 常

2、跟的抽象名词有: 4. 连词: 常用的连词有：,fact, idea, opinion, thought, order, doubt, news, hope, truth, belief , suggestion, advice, view, promise, request, proposal提议/建议, demand, question等抽象名词,that/whether who/ what /which when /where/why/how,想一想,1.that, whether (只起连接作用，不作成分）,there is no doubt that the price of car

3、s will go down. i have some doubt whether he really knows me. the idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people.,2.连接代词who, which, what连接副词where, when, how,why(引导词在从句中作成分） the question who should go abroad requires consideration. i have no idea which one i should choose. i hav

4、e no idea where she comes back. he refused to answer the question how he got all his money.,注意： 1.为了保持句子平衡，同位语从句有时候被别的词把它和名词隔开。,the story goes that william killed the tyrant with an arrow. word came that our team had won the game . suddenly the thought came to him that he could go blind.,2. 若被同位语说明的

5、名词是表示建议（如advice, suggestion, proposal)要求（如demand, request, requirement)、命令（如order）时，同位语从句中的谓语用“should+动词原型） he made the suggestion that we (should) start at once. soon we received the order that we (should )stop fighting at once.,大家注意啦！,同位语从句与定语从句区别:,he told me the news that he would come home from

6、abroad soon.,he told me the news that he heard on the radio the day before. (定语从句),(同位语从句),辨析：,定语从句是从句对其先行词或前面整个句子的修饰或限制,属于形容词性从句的范畴; 而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明和解释,属于名词性从句的范畴,the news that our team has won the game was true. 我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。 (同位语从句, 补充说明news到底是一个什么消息；that不可代替，一般不省略) the news that had s

7、pread all over the world made the man famous. 那个已经传遍全世界的消息使得那个人出名了。 (定语从句, news在从句中作had spread的主语；that很多时候可以用which / who/whom等来代替，作宾语时可省略，如下：) he told me the news( that )he heard on the radio the day before.,辨析,they expressed the hope that they would come to visit china again. the hope ( that ) she

8、expressed is that they would come to visit china again.,lets have a try at once同从？定从？,同位语从句：they would come to visit china 对hope 进行具体的说明。,定语从句： hope 充当express的宾语。,the order that we should send a few people to help the other groups was received yesterday. (同位语从句, 是对order的具体解释, that虽不作成分, 但不能省略) the o

9、rder that we received yesterday was that we should send a few people to help the other groups. (定语从句, 是名词order的修饰语, that在从句中作received的宾语, 可以省略),引导词that引导定语从句时, 在从句中一般作主语或宾语 (指物时还可以用which代替), 并且作宾语时常常省略； that在同位语从句中仅起连接作用, 不充当任何成分, 并且不能省略, 也不能用which来代替，如:,一起小结that：,有些词如 可以引导同位语从句, 但不能引导定语从句。 如: that

10、question whether we need it has not been considered. 我们是否需要它这个问题还没有考虑。,whether, how, what,the order when we should return hasnt reach us. 我们什么时候应该返回的命令还没到。,the day when new china was founded will never be forgotten. 新中国成立的那天永远不会被忘记。,同位语从句,定语从句,同是副词引导的同从、定从,同位语从句的简易判断法： 名词 同位语从句,be,the news that we w

11、on the match is true. 可改为： the news is that we won the match. the news that you have heard is true. 若改为：the news is that you have heard .,若能构成一个完整的，符合逻辑的新句子，就是同位语从句,ii. 判断下列哪些含有同位语从句，哪些含有定语从句。 the news that we had successfully sent up another communication satellite spread throughout the world. that

12、s the best piece of news ive heard.,同,定, is there any hope that he will be home at 7? ive no hope that my parents have been expecting to me.,同,定, the possibility that you referred to doesnt exist at all. there is a strong possibility that we may be in france for the next week.,同,定,i. 在空格处填上适当的词，使下列定

13、语从句和同位语从句完整。,the news was very exciting _ our class had won the football match. this is the mountain village _ i stayed last year. 3. the person to _ you spoke is a famous actor.,where,练习坊,that,whom,4. they are familiar with the opinion _ all matter consists of atoms. 5. the hope she expressed is th

14、at they would come to visit china again.,that,(that),6. this is our only request _ this (should) be settled as soon as possible. 7. all agreed to his suggestion _ a bridge across the river（should） be built.,that,that,例6和7中使用了虚拟语气，其中should可以省略。出现名词suggestion, advice, order, request, require, proposal

15、等时。,例题6和7有什么特点？,be built.,(should) be settled,(should ),1. the fact _ she works hard is well known to us all. a. that b. what c. why d. which 2. the fact _ he was successful proves his ability. a. that b. what c. which d. why,a,a,练一练！,3. the news _ he was kidnapped surprised us greatly. a. what b. t

16、hat c. why d. when 4. his suggestion _ the meeting be delayed was turned down. a. which b. that c./ d. it,b,b,5. i have no idea _ he will start. a. when b. that c. what d./ 6. ive come from the government with a message _ the meeting wont be held tomorrow. a. if b. that c. whether d. which,b,a,7. th

17、e thought _ he might fail in the exam worried him. a. when b. which c. what d. that 8. the order _ the prisoner be set free arrived too late. a. which b. whether c. that d. what,d,c,9. the nurses are trying their best to reduce the patients fear _ he would die of the disease. a. that b. as c. of whi

18、ch d. which,a,10. he often asked me the question _ the work was worth doing. a. whether b. where c. that d. when 11. the other day, my brother drove his car down the street at _ i thought was a dangerous speed. a. as b. which c. what d. that,a,b,11. along with the letter was his promise _ he would v

19、isit me this coming christmas. a. which b. that c. what d. whether,b,13. luckily, wed brought a road map without _ we would have lost our way. a. it b. that c. this d. which 14. do you have any idea _ is actually going on in the classroom? a. that b. what c. as d. which,d,b,15. one of the men held t

20、he view _ the book said was right. a. that b. what that c. that what d. whether,that 引导同位语从句，补充说明view; what引导主语从句并在同位语从句中作主语。,c,16. a story goes _elizabeth i of england liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court. a. when b. where c. what d. that,d,17. along wi

21、th the letter was his promise _ he would visit me this coming christmas. a. which b. that c. what d. whether,b,18. there is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars _ road conditions need_. a. that; to be improved b. which; to be improved c. where; improving d. when; improving,a,19.

22、there is a feeling in me _ well never know what a ufo isnot never. a. that b. which c. of which d. what,a,20. i have no idea _ we can spend our holiday. a. where b. which c. that d. what,a,21. the news _ he told us yesterday is not true, but the news _ our team has won the match is true. a. /; that b. that; / c. that; which d. that; who,a,22. the question occurred to me _ the book was worth reading. a. what b. whether c. whic