初中英语人教版八年级下册grammar.ppt

1、Unit 10 Ive had this bike for three years.,Section A Grammar focus 4c,学习目标,(1)掌握现在完成时的用法 (2)能正确区分现在完成时与一般过去时 (3)能正确运用for 和since,现在完成时的特殊疑问句的结构是什么？ 2. for后面接什么？since后面接什么？ 3. 与how long, for或者since搭配使用在现在完成时中的动词有什么共同特点?,大声朗读Grmmar Focus中的句子，并思考以下问题,1. How long have you had that bike over there? Ive ha

2、d it for three years. 2. How long has his son owned the train and railway set? Hes owned it since his fourth birthday. 3. Have you ever played football? Yes, I did when I was little, but I havent played for a while now.,Hes = He has,结构：疑问词 + have/has + 主语 + 过去分词 +其他成分？,现在完成时的特殊疑问句,How long have you

3、known Jack? How long has she learned English?,用法：表示从过去某一时间开始并一直持续 到现在的动作或状态。 标志词：for+时间段 since+过去时间点 since+过去时的从句 since+一段时间+ago 注意：for与since引导的时间状语可以相互转换。,Present Perfect Tense,现在完成时（二）,e.g. My uncle has worked at this factory for ten years. = My uncle has worked at this factory since ten year ago.

4、 Ivelivedheresince1990 自从1990年以来我就住在这里。 Ihaventseenhimforthreeyears. 我三年没有看见他了。,含有for，since的现在完成时的用法歌诀: 过去的动作或状态，一直持续到现在，for、since 把时间带。,歌诀,Shesbeenatthisschoolsincefiveyearsago. 自从五年前以来她就在这个学校。,Shes = She has,此种用法中表示持续性动作或状态时应 使用延续性动词。 1. 这本书我买了5年了。 I have bought the book for five years. ( ) I have

5、 had the book for five years. ( ),句中动词的特点,2. Mary 离开多长时间了？ How long has Mary left ? ( ) How long has Mary been away? ( ),3. 这本书他借了多长时间了？ How long has he borrowed the book?( ) How long has he kept the book?( ),4. Maria 自三天前就回来了。 Maria has come back since three days ago.( ) Maria has been back since t

6、hree days ago.( ),1. 转换为相应的延续性动词，用于现在完成时。 borrow keep buy have put on wear catch a cold have a cold get to know know get to sleep sleep,非延续性动词和延续性动词之间的转换,2. 转化为“be + 形容词/副词/介词/名词” begin / start be on go out be out close be closed open be open get to/arrive/reach be (in) die be dead leave be away,mar

7、ry/get married be married finish be over fall sleep be asleep join be in/be a member of become be make friends be friends come/go be + 相应的介词短语,4a,Rewrite the sentences using for or since.,Jim is in Japan. He arrived there three days ago. 2. They are very hungry. Their last meal was ten hours ago.,Th

8、ey have not eaten for ten hours/since ten hours ago.,Jim has been in Japan for three days.,Practice,3. I have a camera. I bought it in 2009. 4. I know Anna. I first met her three years ago. 5. Linda is ill. She became ill on Monday.,I have had a camera since 2009.,I have known Anna for three years/

9、since three years ago.,Linda has been ill since Monday.,4b,Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.,I _ (never be) to the water park before. I want to _ (go) next month before the weather gets too cold. 2. They _ (never own) any pets, but they _ (always want) to have a dog

10、.,have never been,go,have never owned,have always wanted,3. We _ (have) a piano since last November. We _ (buy) it from the Li family when they moved to the US last year. 4. Cathy and Amy _ (not be) back to their hometown for two years. They _ (miss) their hometown a lot and hope to visit the place

11、next year.,have had,bought,havent been,miss,5. This museum _ (be) here for over 20 years. It _ (be) one of the oldest buildings in this small town.,has been,is,1. She _ this book for nearly three weeks. A. has borrowed B. has lent C. has bought D. has kept 2. - _ have you been married？ - For twenty

12、years. A. How far B. How often C. How long D. How soon,D,C,Exercises,根据汉语提示，完成下面的句子。 1. 你上个星期五就借了我的书，还没有看 完吗？ You _ my book _ last Friday. Havent you finished reading it? 2. 我从七点起就开始等了。 I have waited _. 3. 她已经到达公司半个小时了。 She has been in the company _ _.,have kept since,since seven oclock,for half an hour,4. 他离开家已经10年了。 He has been away from home _ _. 5. 足球赛已经开始15分钟了。 The football match _ 15 minutes. 6. 他从去年起加入了篮球俱乐部。 He has been a member of the Basketball Club _.,for ten years,has