大学英语全新版第四册第4单元.ppt

1、BR_main,1. Story of Juanita Brooks,2. Background Information,Before Reading,3. Warm-up Exercises,Listen to the Story,Questions about the Story,Ryzsard Kapuscinski,Pluralism,Multiculturalism,Los Angeles Population,Pacific Rim,A Nation of Immigration,Warm-up Questions,Group Work,BR1_listen,Listen to t

2、he Story,II,BR1_Questions-1,The school principal offered to keep her biracial background secret.,Questions about the Story,1. What happened when Juanita Brooks applied for a job more than 50 years ago?,BR1_Questions-2,It was a method of counting people of mixed-race heritage. According to the rule,

3、a person with any ascertainable amount of negro blood was considered black.,Questions about the Story,2. What is the so-called “one-drop” rule?,BR1_Questions-3,Changes in federal guidelines for collecting statistics, allowing people to identify themselves as of more than one race.,Questions about th

4、e Story,3. What changes enabled Juanita Brooks to claim to be both black and white?,BR1_Questions-4,Questions about the Story,4. Is the story related to the theme of the unit the multicultural society? How?,BR2_Ryzsard Kapuscinski,Ryzsard Kapuscinski,II,Born in 1932 in eastern Poland, Ryszard Kapusc

5、inski has spent most of the post World War II years reporting on war and revolution in Africa, the Middle East, and Latin America. He has written a trilogy (三部剧) on dictators that covers Haile Selassie I of Ethiopia, Idi Amin of Uganda, and the last Shah of Iran. Being away from the United States fr

6、equently and being acquainted with social, ethnic, and racial conflicts in many cultures has given Kapuscinski a broader perspective on the social pressures facing the United States in the future. In this essay, commissioned (被委任) by The New Perspectives Quarterly (季刊), Kapuscinski finds the changin

7、g composition of the American melting pot not a source of social problems but a sign of positive future and of the continuing vitality (活力) of the democratic experiment represented by the people and the government of the United States.,BR2_ Pluralism-1,Pluralism,II,Pluralism refers to the acceptance

8、 of many different groups in society or many different schools of thought in an intellectual or cultural discipline (学科).,BR2_ Pluralism-2,Pluralism,II,BR2_ Multiculturalism-1,Multiculturalism,II,BR2_ Multiculturalism-2,Multiculturalism,II,BR2_Los Angeles Population -1,Los Angeles Population,the 199

9、0s, although at a slower pace. The population was 3,694,820 in 2000. The Los Angeles-Long Beach metropolitan area reached a population of 9,519,338 in 2000. The larger five-county consolidated metropolitan area reached 16,373,645 people.,Los Angeles population expanded rapidly during the 1980s as im

10、migration from Asia and Latin America, especially Mexico, boomed and the city continued to draw people from other parts of the country. The population increased from,2,966,850 in 1980 to 3,485,398 in 1990.The growth continued in,BR2_Los Angeles Population -2,Los Angeles Population,According to the 2

11、000 census, whites are 46.9 percent of the population, blacks 11.2 percent, Asians 10 percent, Native Americans 0.8 percent, Native Hawaiians and other Pacific Islanders 0.2 percent, and people of mixed heritage or not reporting ethnicity 30.9 percent.,BR2_Los Angeles Population -3,Los Angeles Popul

12、ation,Hispanics of Mexican heritage formed the largest ethnic group in Los Angeles in the 1990s. The next largest Hispanic group were Salvadorans, many of whom moved to the city to escape political turmoil in El Salvador. Blacks, at 415,000 in 2000, are the second largest minority in Los Angeles. Bl

13、acks began to migrate to Los Angeles in large numbers during the economic boom of World War II (1939-1945), lured to the city by good jobs available in war-production plants. Asians have been immigrating to California since the middle of the 19th century, and many of them have made homes in Los Ange

14、les. In the 1990s the largest groups among those of Asian heritage were Filipino, Korean, Chinese, and Japanese. According to the 1990 census, 38 percent of the citys residents were born outside the United States.,BR2_Pacific Rim,Pacific Rim,II,BR2_A Nation of Immigration,A Nation of Immigration,Alt

15、hough the United States has been shaped by successive waves of immigrants, Americans have often viewed immigration as a problem. Established Americans often look down on new immigrants. The cultural habits of immigrants are frequently targets of,criticism, especially when the new arrivals come from

16、a different country than those in the established community. Despite such tensions, economic needs have always forced Americans to seek immigrants as laborers and settlers, and economic opportunities have beckoned foreigners. The vast majority of immigrants to the United States have come in search o

17、f jobs and the chance to create a better life for themselves and their families. In all of American history, less than 10 percent of immigrants have come for political or religious reasons.,II,BR2_A Nation of Immigration-2,A Nation of Immigration,Economic immigrants from Europe, Asia, and Latin Amer

18、ica have come to the United States voluntarily. Others, most notably African Americans, were involuntarily transported to North America to do forced labor or to be sold as slaves. Regardless of the reasons they come to the United States, new immigrants typically work,in menial, labor-intensive, low-paying, and dangerous jobs occupations that most other Americans shun (避开, 避免). They are often treated with disdain (轻蔑) until they assimilate that is, adopt the mainstream American culture established by earlier immigrants.,II,BR2_A Nation of Immigration-3,A Nation of Immigration,Although im