物流专业英语课件(新)1.ppt

1、Key point: the definitions and components of logistics Difficult points: Logistics Effectiveness,Requirements By the end of this Unit, you should be able to have a good command of the definition of logistics components of a logistics system five key issues for logistics effectiveness,By the end of t

2、his lesson, you should be able to know evolution of the logistics management concept describe the connotation of logistics by yourself word,PART The Definition of Logistics,Abstract: The article introduces various definitions of different editions and the evolution of the logistics management concep

3、t.,Key words: logistics ; systematic management; internally integrated logistics ; externally integrated logistics ; global supply chain management,New Words,Sentence Explanations,Para.1 “Logistics” is a term, which originates from both the army and French. According to the French, the Baron of Jomi

4、ni, who of Swiss origin who had served in Napoleons army before joining the Russians and who later founded the Military Academy of St. Petersburg, first used the term in the early 19th century. So in a military sense, the term logistics encompasses transport organization, army replenishments and mat

5、erial maintenance. “物流”或“后勤”一词其实源于军队， 对其词义解释亦有多个不同版本， 根据法国人阐述之词义， 该词早于十九世纪初被祖文尼男爵率先采用。祖文尼是一名原藉瑞士的军官，他在投奔俄罗斯军队之前在拿破伦军中服役， 其后一手创立“圣彼得堡军事学院”。就军事意识而言，物流管理词意即运输编制、军队补给和物料保养。,Para.3 The introduction of containers and the development of information technology have brought about the development and improvem

6、ent of logistics activities. 货柜的发明以及信息技术发达， 都从技术方面推动了物流活动的发展。 Para.6 Operationally, companies realize that by regrouping the different aspects of logistics and instead of viewing them as separate processes, substantial savings can be made within their businesss outgoing expenditure. 从运营角度来看， 把各个不同程序

7、集中来处理， 更会替公司大量节省金钱。这亦因此是一个创新的管理概念。,Para.10 The concept of benefits is a multifaceted one that goes beyond the product or service itself to include issues regarding timing, quantity, supporting services, location, and cost. 利益的概念是多方面的，不仅仅包括产品和服务本身，还包含及时、数量、技术支持、位置和成本。 Para.12 In other words, they are

8、 much more concerned with the flow of finished goods from the end of the production line to the customer. 换句话说，公司更关注的是产成品从生产线到消费者手中的这一过程。,Para.17 Physical distribution approach has gained wide acceptance among various manufacturers and distributors, but the limitation of the physical distribution ap

9、proach soon became obvious since it did not address the cost containment issue of the raw material and working - process inventory (which account for, in average, 60 percent of the total material inventory). 物料配送的方法得到了不同生产商和供应商的广泛认可，但由于它没有考虑原材料和生产过程中存货的成本（而这部分存货平均占材料库存的60），因此它的局限性也很快表现出来。,Para.20 Pa

10、rticipants in the channel gain competitive advantage through improving the overall channel efficiency by reducing risk and effectively leveraging the corporate resources of each channel member. 通过降低风险，有效利用杠杆作用使用各成员资源等的手段改善整个物流中各个成员的效率，使参加者获得竞争优势。,Main contents,1. the definition of logistics Logistic

11、s can be briefly described like this: Logistics means having the right thing, at the right place, at the right time. At its heart, logistics deals with satisfying the customer. This implies that management must first understand what those requirements are before a logistics strategy can be developed

12、 and implemented to meet them.,2. Logistics can mean different things to different organizations.,3. Evolution of the Logistics Management Concept Physical distribution Internally integrated logistics Externally integrated logistics Global supply chain management,PART II Components of a Logistics Sy

13、stem Abstract: The article tells of components of a logistics system, some of which are described briefly below: customer service; inventory management; transportation; storage and materials; packaging; Information; demand forecasting; production planning; purchasing; facility location.,Key words: c

14、ustomer service; inventory management; transportation; storage and materials; packaging; Information; demand forecasting; production planning; purchasing; facility location.,New Words,Sentence Explanations,Para.2 In a broad sense, it is the output of the entire logistics effort; that is, customer se

15、rvice and some resulting level of satisfaction are what the logistics system ultimately provides the buyer. 从广义上看，它是整个物流努力的产物，也就是说，客户服务和满意程度正是物流系统最终提供给消费者。,Para.3 Inventory management deals with balancing the cost of maintaining additional products on hand against the risk of not having those items

16、when the customer wants them . 存货管理是处理如何平衡库存成本和缺货成本即当客户需要货物时却没有存货的损失。,Para.5 Obviously, an organizations inventory policies have a direct impact on their storage and handling needs. 显然，一家公司的存货政策将直接影响它的库存和需求。 Para.6 Too much packaging increases costs while inadequate protection can result in merchand

17、ise damage and, ultimately, customer dissatisfaction. 过多的包装将使成本过高，而不充分的包装又会造成货物受损，最终,客户不满。,Para.7 The growth of reasonably priced computers and software has put sophisticated management information systems within the reach of even the smallest organization. 随着计算机和软件价格日趋合理，使得最小的公司也可以获得复杂的管理信息系统。,Para

18、.8 Demand forecasting addresses the need for accurate information on future customer needs so that the logistics system can ensure the right products and/or services are available to meet those requirements. 需求预测对未来客户需求的准确信息提出了要求，这样物流系统才能确保使客户得到正确的产品和服务。,Para.10 In addition, the move away from local

19、 sourcing in favor of global buying has complicated this entire process dramatically in recent years. 另外，近年来，从当地资源的转移以利于全球购买，已使得整个过程急剧复杂。,Para.13 For example, a service firm such as an airline might combine elements from the information processing, maintenance, demand forecasting, customer service,

20、and purchasing functions discussed above into a logistics system designed to reach its customers. 举例来说，服务性企业如航空公司也将上述所说的信息处理、保存、需求预测、客户服务和购买也按物流系统要求综合以满足客户需要。,Para.14 Rather, top management should utilize logistics as a way to integrate these corporate activities and keep them focused on the custome

21、r rather than on internal processes. 更正确的说，高层管理者应把物流作为综合公司活动的方法，并使其注重客户而不是内部活动。,A logistics system can be made up of many different functional activities, some of which are described briefly below: Customer service is a multi-dimensional and very important part of any organizations logistics effort.

22、,Main contents,Inventory management deals with balancing the cost of maintaining additional products on hand against the risk of not having those items when the customer wants them. Transportation refers to the physical movement of goods from a point of origin to a point of consumption and can invol

23、ve raw materials being brought into the production process and/or finished goods being shipped out to the customer.,Storage and materials handling address the physical requirements of holding inventory. Packaging focuses on protecting the product while it is being shipped and stored. Information pro

24、cessing is what links all areas of the logistics system together. Demand forecasting addresses the need for accurate information on future customer needs so that the logistics system can ensure the right products and/or services are available to meet those requirements.,Production planning can be in

25、cluded under logistics because manufacturing needs components and raw materials in order to make finished goods that are, in turn, demanded by a customer. Purchasing deals with the buying of goods and services that keep the organization functioning.,Facility location addresses the strategic placemen

26、t of warehouses, plants, and transportation resources to achieve customer service objectives and minimize cost. Other activities for a specific organization could include tasks such as after-sales parts and service support, maintenance functions, return goods handling, and recycling operations.,Abst

27、ract: The article tells that for effective logistics, there are five key issues: movement of product; movement of information; time/service; cost; integration.,PART III Five Key Issues for Logistics effectiveness,Key words: effectiveness; movement of product; movement of information; time/service; c

28、ost; integration,New Words,Sentence Explanations,Para.1 Logistics is a process, which interfaces and interacts with the entire company and with external companies, vendors, customers, carriers and more. 物流是一个过程，它是整个公司之间和外部公司、卖主、消费者、运输者以及更多的部门之间相互连接和相互作用的过程。,Para.2 Logistics must make-work effectivel

29、y. This is required by your customers and, in turn, by your company. 物流必须使生产经营有效，这是消费者的要求，反过来也是公司的要求。 Para.5 So the movement must be able to adjust and deal with the swings in business activity. 因此产品的流动必须能调整并适应商业活动的变化周期。,Para.8 Systems should exist at the macro or corporate level and view. 物流系统必须是宏观

30、的，是站在公司全局立场的。 Para.11 Service more than has to expedite a shipment. 服务不仅仅是快速装运货物。,Para.15 However, there is no ready mechanism, which really makes proper recognition in costs for time/service or for adjustments in any part of the company plan.但是没有现成的机制，能合理评价及时服务的成本或调整公司计划的成本。 Para.19 It is not enough to a company to tear apart the written requirements and hand them to various departments. 对于公司来说仅仅将书面要求分散并散发到不同的部门是不够的。,Para