高考英语专题复习《阅读理解专题-猜测词义》PPT课件.ppt

1、阅读理解,猜词,高考大纲中关于阅读理解的要求,要求考生读懂熟悉的有关日常生活话题的简短文字材料，例如公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章。考生应能： 、理解主旨要义； 、理解文中具体信息； 、根据上下文推断生词的词义； 、作出简单判断和理解； 、理解文章的基本结构； 、理解作者的意图和态度。,上下文,构词法,猜测词意,阅读理解之,猜测词意,信号词：be, be called, means, be defined as A mosquito is a small flying pest that thrust the skin and then drink blood. D

2、esert can be defined as a large area of land where there is not enough rain and vegetation to support human life.,1、定义或解释说明,蚊子,沙漠,Ex. 1 A person who is skilled at making or repairing wooden objects is called a carpenter. His uncle is a zoologist, an expert who does research on animals. The herdsman,

3、 who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year. We are on the night shift - from midnight to 8 a.m. - this week.,木匠,动物学家,牧人,夜班,2、对比关系 信号词: but, however, yet, otherwise, while, though, on the one handon the other hand, for one thingfor another thing, instead of 等 Though Toms face has been washed

4、 quite clean, his neck still remains grubby. John usually wastes a lot of money on such useless things, his wife, however, is very thrifty.,脏的,节约的,Ex. 2 In the past the world seemed to run in an orderly way. Now, however, everything seems to be in a state of turmoil. If you agree, write “ yes”; if y

5、ou dissent, write “no”. Some human actions are learned, but quite a few other actions are innate. Although a large number of people considered him to have stolen the money, I was sure that he was innocent of the theft.,混乱,无辜的,天生的,不同意,3、因果关系 信号词: because, since, as, for, due to, so, therefore, sothat

6、, suchthat, thus Rubber can be made to stretch more than nine times its normal length because it is very elastic. The river is so turbid that it is impossible to see the bottom even when it is shallow.,弹性的,混浊的,Ex. 3 Since I could not afford to purchase the original painting, I bought a replica. An i

7、nexperienced eye could not tell the difference. Hes such a shrewd businessman that he loses no money in any trade. She wanted the hairdresser to trim her hair a bit because it was too long.,复制品,精明的,修剪,4、举例法 信号词: such, such as, like, for example/ instance, especially, include, consist of Cars must ha

8、ve certain safety devices such as seat belt, headlights, and good brakes. On the farm they mainly raise poultry, such as chickens, ducks and geese, for their eggs and meat.,家禽,装置,5、重述 信号词: or, that is ( to say ), in other words, to put it another way, i.e. In some countries where there is very littl

9、e rain, the farmers have to irrigate, or water, their fields. All whales fall into two groups, those with teeth and those without. Dolphins belong to odontoceti, that is to say, they are toothed whales.,灌溉,有牙齿的,6、同义词、近义词 信号词: or, like , asas, the same as The new tax law supersedes, or replaces, the

10、law that was in effect last year. Mother was tall, fat and middle-aged. My aunt was an old woman, almost as plump as mother, and much shorter.,取代,丰满的,7、生活经验, 生活常识, 逻辑推理 When a doctor performs an operation on a patient, he usually gives an anaesthetic to make him unconscious, because he does not want

11、 his patient to feel pain or to know what is happening to him. When you throw a stone into still water of a lake, you will watch a ripple spread in rings on the surface of water. Metal expands when heated and contracts when cooled.,麻药,波纹,膨胀,冷缩,Ex. One of symptoms caused by the strange illness is a h

12、igh fever. Because this chemical liquid is highly volatile, we must keep it in a bottle which has a tight lid. In the strong wind, the beggar shivered with the terrible cold.,症状,易挥发的,颤抖,小试身手,Alberts success after much effort and practice proves the value of persistence. A. time B. competition C. per

13、severance 2. All his attempts to unlock the door was futile, because he was using the wrong key. A. 成功的 B. 徒劳的C.有效的D. 匆促的 3. Though Mr. Smith has been manager for just 3 months, he has already made much greater achievements than his predecessors. A. 上级 B. 前任 C. 同事 D. 下级,祝,功,成,你,!,4. She didnt hear w

14、hat you said because she was completely engrossed in her reading. A. 心不在焉的 B.紧张的 C. 全神贯注的 D.睡意浓的 5. Twelve-year-old Sally was an active girl. But her sister was quite sedate. A. pretty B. calm C. protective D. energetic 6. He is a resolute man. Once he makes up his mind to do something, he wont give

15、 it up halfway. A. strong B. firm C. kind D. clever,祝,功,成,你,!,7. The official asked the man what his occupation was. The man told him that he worked as an engineer. A. work B. study C. name D. interest 8. Those new comers were not used to the life in the suburbs which was so different from that insi

16、de the city. A. town B. capital C. country D. house 9. You can take any of the periodicals: The World of English, Foreign Language Teaching in School, or English Learning. A. dictionaries B. story-books C. magazines D. newspapers,祝,功,成,你,!,10. The flowers in the vase withered because they had no wat

17、er. A. became sweeter B. became red C. became dry 11. Just for fun, they decided to try a very circuitous country road instead of the more direct highway. A. direct B. indirect C. straight 12. That museum is so immense that it will be impossible to see all the exhibits in one day. A. small B. large

18、C. dull,祝,功,成,你,!,celebrity (A.名人 B.作家 C.主持人) Two years ago that singer had no money and no fame. Now she is a famous celebrity. enterprising (A.令人惊讶的 B.神秘的 C.有进取心的) Frank is a very enterprising person. He always thinks of new ideas to make his business run better. promote ( A.提升 B.推销 C.遥控) If you w

19、ant the boss to choose you for the job, promote yourself as the best person. ultimately ( A.按时地 B.最终 C.幸福地) Bob just started dating(约会) Susan. He hopes this relationship will ultimately lead to marriage.,8. 根据生词所在的上下文猜测词义,例题： Tom cant find his sneakers. C. shoes,Tom cant find his white sneakers,Tom

20、cant play tennis now because he cant find his white sneakers.,A. money,B. bowls,l）Jane is usually prompt.,Jane is usually prompt for her classes,Jane is usually prompt for all her classes，but she arrived in the middle of her first class.,adj.敏捷的, 迅速的, 即时的adv.准时地,Cpleased,Alate,Bon time,2）Tom saw an

21、owl last night,Tom saw an owl in a tree last night,Tom saw an owl last night but it flew away when he got near,猫头鹰,Cthe sun,Aa bird,Ban animal,3）The boy wants a pony,The boy wants a brown pony,The boy wants to ride a brown pony.,小型马,Chorse,Bcat,Adog,4.The children are looking at an ape. Aa kind of monkey,The c