新概念2册78课以后的教案

1、新概念英语第二册第78课课文以及课堂笔记（一）(2006-11-14 00:12:46) 分类：新概念英语Lesson 78 The last one?After reading an article entitled Cigarette Smoking and Your Health I lit a cigarette to calm my nerves. I smoked with concentration and pleasure as I was sure that this would be my last cigarette. For a whole week I did not

2、 smoke at all and during this time, my wife suffered terribly. I had all the usual symptoms of someone giving up smoking: a bad temper and an enormous appetite. My friends kept on offering me cigarettes and cigars. They made no effort to hide their amusement whenever I produced a packet of sweets fr

3、om my pocket.After seven days of this I went to a party. Everybody around me was smoking and I felt extremely uncomfortable. When my old friend Brian urged me to accept a cigarette, it was more than I could bear. I took one guiltily, lit it and smoked with satisfaction. My wife was delighted that th

4、ings had returned to normal once more. Anyway, as Brian pointed out, it is the easiest thing in the world to give up smoking. He himself has done it lots of times!第78课 最后一根吗？读完一篇题为吸烟与健康的文章之后，我点上了一枝香烟，来镇定一下自己紧张的神经。我聚精会神而又愉快地吸着这枝烟。因为我确信这是我最后一枝烟了。整整一个星期我根本没有吸烟。在此期间，我妻子吃尽了苦头。我具备了戒烟者通常表现出来的所有症状：脾气暴躁和食欲旺盛

5、。我的朋友们不断地向我递香烟和雪茄。每当我从口袋里掏出一包糖果时，他们都毫不掩饰地表现出他们对此感到非常好笑。这样过了7天以后，我去参加一次聚会。我周围的每个人都在吸烟，我感到非常不自在。当我的老朋友布赖恩极力劝我接受一枝香烟时，我再也忍不住了。我内疚地接过一枝点上，心满意足地抽起来。一切又都恢复了正常，为此我妻子十分高兴。不管怎么说，正如布赖恩指出的那样，戒烟是世界上最容易的事情，他自己就已戒了很多次了！课堂笔记：1) entitlean article entitledCigarette Smoking and Your Health,一篇题为吸烟与健康的文章。在英语中，文章名与书名中的每

6、个单词的第一个字母均大写，不在开头位置的连词、冠词、小品词除外。entitle 的含义为“给.题名定名”，在这里是过去分词（短语）作定语。entitle 常用于被动语态：The writer hasnt entitled his new book yet.那位作家还没给他的新书写取名。She read a poem entitled The Apple Tree她读了一首题为苹果树的诗entitle sb to sth给予某人获得某事物或做某事的权利You are entitled to collect the rental fee from the customers.你有权利去收取客户的房

7、租。This ticket doesnt entitle you to sit in first class.你这张票不能坐头等位。entitlement授权，有资格We have no record of your entitlement to free travel.我们没有让你免费旅行的记录。2）lit 原形light lit lit （lighted，ligthed）lighted candel燃着的蜡烛light a candlelight a cigarettelight up (with sth) 指人的脸等放光彩，容光焕发Her eyes lit up with joy.她因喜

8、悦而目光炯炯3）calm adj.镇定的，安静的，无忧虑的It is important to keep calm in an emergency.在紧急情况下保持镇静是很重要的。the calm before the storm暴风雨前的宁静v. calm (sb) down使某人平静，镇静Just calm down a bit.你先静一静！calmly 若无其事地He walked into the shop and calmly stole a pair of gloves.他走进商店若无其事地偷了一副手套4）nerves用复数表示神经紧张，神经过敏，神经质She doesnt kno

9、w what nerves are.她根本就不知道什么是神经紧张。胆量，勇气It takes nerve to be a racing driver.当赛车手要有胆量I wouldnt have the nerve to try anything so dangerous.我可没胆量做那么危险的事情。What a nerve！脸皮真厚（what a shame）get on sbs nerves刺激或烦扰某人Stop singing!You are getting on my nerves.别唱了！弄得我心烦hit/touch a (raw) nerve提及某人痛苦气愤等的事情，点到痛处You

10、 hit a raw nerve when you mentioned his first wife 你曾提到他的前妻刺到了他的痛处。5）concentrate on sth 集中注意力做某事6）suffer During this time, my wife suffered terribly.在此期间，我妻子吃尽了苦头。（1）vi. 受痛苦，受苦难；患病：suffer from/with/forDo you often suffer from headaches?你常头痛吗？She is suffering from loss of memory。她患有遗忘症He made a rash

11、decision. Now he is suffering for it.他做的决定太草率了，现在可吃到苦头（2）vt.经历或遭受（痛苦、损害等）：Many people are suffering cold and hunger in that district.那个地区许多人正受冻挨饿。（3）变坏，变差，变糟Your studies will suffer if you play too much football.你要是总踢足球，功课就会变糟了。suffering痛苦（肉体的或心理的）There is so much suffering in this world.这个世界上有很多的痛苦

12、。7）I had all the usual symptoms of someone giving up smoking: a bad temper and an enormous appetite. 我具备了戒烟者通常表现出来的所有症状：脾气暴躁和食欲旺盛。a bad temper and an enormous appetite 为symptoms 的同位语。giving up smoking 可以看做是someone 的定语，即someone who gives up smoking.symptom症状，（坏事的）征兆You have a symptom of catching a co

13、ld你有患感冒的症状enormous巨大的，极大的an enormous amount of money巨款appetite食欲，胃口When I was ill I completely lost my appetite.我生病时完全没有食欲He has no appetite for the fight.他毫无斗志。8）My friends Kept on offering me cigarettes and cigars. 我的朋友们不断地向我递香烟和雪茄。keep on doing sth.表示“继续做某事”、“反复做某事”：The child was crying loudly, b

14、ut he kept on watching TV.孩子在大声哭，但他却一直看电视。He kept on phoning me他不断地给她打电话。9）They made no effort to hide他们毫不掩饰地。 make effort to do sth 尽力做某事make no effort 表示“根本不作努力”。我们还可以说：He made no effort to take the exam.他考试根本不努力。make every effort尽一切努力I will make every effort to arrive on time.我将尽一切努力准时到达。She wrot

15、e the letter with/without effort.她费力地毫不费力地写了那封信。Georeg made every effort to get/at getting the job.乔治竭尽全力想得到那份工作。10）produce sth (from/out of sth)掏出，拿出或出示某事物Please produce your ticket for inspection.出示火车票以供检查The man produced a knife from his pocket.那男人从他口袋里掏出一把刀第78课课堂笔记（二）11)urge urge sb to do sth 催促

16、某人干某事。力劝某人做某事They urged us to go at once他们催促我们马上去。极力主张，强烈要求，力劝My friends urged that I should apply for the job朋友们力劝我申请那份工作。He urged that they go to New York他极力主张他们去纽约。urge sb. on鼓励或激励某人，鞭策We urged the school team on with loud cheers.我们大声助威，激励校队拼搏强调 urge on/upon sb 对某人/某事强调We urged on you the importa

17、nce of the time factor. 我们曾向你方强调过时间因素的主要性。n.强烈的欲望，冲动The vacation is coming and I have an urge to travel.假期快到了，我很急迫地去旅行。冲动，强烈的欲望”。 I had a sudden urge to tell the boss what I thought of him.我突然想告诉老板我对他的看法。12） it was more than I could bear. .我再也忍不住了。more than 后面跟一个从句或一个形容词时可以表示“超出” （多用于口语）：He was more

18、 than pleased with his new room.他对自己的新房间极其满意。This was more than I had expected.这超出了我的预料。13）guiltily内疚地guilty adj.guilty of sth.有罪的He was found guilty of murder他被判犯谋杀罪。有過失的(+of)The manager was guilty of an important misjudgment.经理犯了一個重大的判断错误。自知有過錯的,內疚的(+about)I felt guilty after breaking my promise.我

19、违背诺言后感到内疚。You look guilty. 你看上去心虚。guilt n 有罪，罪状The police established his guilt.警方认定他有罪。guiltless of sth 无罪的，无辜的14）delight1. 欣喜,愉快UTo our delight, our football team won.令我们高兴的是,我们的足球队贏了。She ran back home with delight.她兴高采烈地跑回家。2。vt.1. 使高兴，愉快Im delighted that you are back.你回來了,我很高兴。We were delighted

20、to read your novel.我们很高兴拜读你的小说。Her singing delighted everyone.她的歌声使大家很愉快。vi. delight in sth/doing sth1. 喜爱，取乐(+in)She delights in her work.她喜愛她的工作。14）Anyway,as Brian pointed out, it is the easiest thing in the world to give up smoking.不管怎么说，正如布赖恩指出的那样，戒烟是世界上最容易的事情。it 为先行主语，代替后面的不定式短语 to give up smok

21、ing。 point out 为固定短语，表示“指出”、“指明”：He pointed out the mistake to me.他向我指出错误。He pointed out that we still had to get a few other things.他指出我们还需要得再买一些其他东西。2与keep 有关的短语动词keep 与不同的小品词搭配可以有不同的含义。（1）keep on 与动名词连用时表示“反复”、“持续”：Keep on trying.继续努力。He kept on saying that he was tired.他不断地说他累了。（2）keep off 表示“不靠

22、近”、“从.离开”：Keep off the flower bed.请勿进入花坛。Keep your hands off the food.别动吃的东西。（3）keep away from 表示“（使.）不靠近”、“避开”：Why do you always keep away from me?你为什么总躲着我？Keep the children away from the river.别让孩子们去河边。（4）keep it up 表示“不松劲”、“保持成绩”或“继续下去”，而keep up with 则表示“跟上”、“不落在.后面”：Youve made much progress. Kee

23、p it up!你已取得了很大进步。继续努力！If you keep it up, youll be able to set up a new world record.你如果保持下去不松劲，你就能创一项新的世界纪录。Although he walked as fast as he could, he still couldnt keep up with hisfather.虽然他尽快走，但他仍跟不上他父亲。In order to keep up with his classmates, he worked harder than ever.为了跟上同学，他比以往任何时候都更努力。（5）kee

24、p out 可以表示“（使）留在外面”、“（使）不进入”：He shut all the doors and windows to keep out the wind.为了挡风，他关上了所有的门窗。16,000-volt power line. Keep out!16,000 伏高压线，不可靠近！（6）keep in 的含义之一为“（把.）留在里面关在屋里”、“不出 外”：Its very cold today. Wed better keep in.今天很冷。我们最好别出去。When the dog was kept in, it barked loudly.那条狗被关在屋里时狂吠不止。(7

25、) keep up with sb保持与某人联系How many of your old classmates do you keep up with?(8)keep sth back from sb向.隐瞒某事I am sure she is keeping something back from us我肯定她向我们隐瞒着什么(9)keep in with sbHave you noticed how he tries to keep in with the boss?你注意到他多巴结老板了吗？Lesson 79 By Air?I used to travel by air a great

26、deal when I was a boy. My parents used to live in South America and I used to fly there from Europe in the holidays. A flight attendant would take charge of me and I never had an unpleasant experience. I am used to traveling by air and only on one occasion have I ever felt frightened. After taking o

27、ff, we were flying low over the city and slowly gaining height, when the plane suddenly turned round and flew back to the airport.While we were waiting to land, a flight attendant told us to keep calm and to get off the plane quietly as soon as it had touched down. Everybody on board was worried and

28、 we were curious to find out what had happened. Later we learnt that there was a very important person on board. The police had been told that a bomb had been planted on the plane. After we had landed, the plane was searched thoroughly. Fortunately, nothing was found and five hours later we were abl

29、e to take off again.第79课 乘坐飞机？我在幼年的时候，曾多次乘飞机旅行。我的父母曾经住在南美洲，所以假期里我常从欧洲乘飞机到他们那里。我总是由一位空中乘务员照管，从未遇到过不愉快的经历。我习惯了乘飞机旅行，只是有一次把我吓坏了。起飞之后，我们在城市上空低低地飞行，然后慢慢爬高。这时飞机突然调转头来，飞回了机场。在我们等待降落时，一位空中乘务员告诉我们要保持镇静，待飞机一着陆，就马上不声不响地离开飞机。飞机上的人都很着急，大家都急于想知道究竟出了什么事。后来我们才得知，飞机上坐了一位非常重要的人物。有人报告警察，说飞机上安放了一枚炸弹。我们降落之后，飞机被彻底搜查了一遍。幸

30、运的是，什么也没有找到。5个小时后，我们又起飞了。课堂笔记（一）1）used to do我们用used to do 表示过去有过但现在已不存在的习惯，以便将过去与现在形成对照。它后面经常用由but now.，but not.any more/any longer 等构成的、用了一般现在时的句子以强调过去和现在的不同之处。Do you watch television?I used to, but I don t any longer.你看电视吗？我过去常看，但现在不看了。I used to smoke, but I dont any more/any longer.我过去常吸烟，但现在已不吸了

31、。He used to be a lazy boy, but now he is very hard-working.他过去是个懒孩子，但现在他很勤奋。used to 仅用于一般过去时。它的疑问句和否定句形式可以不用助动词do 而用used 本身：Used he to smoke?He usedn t / used not to smoke.did didn t他过去吸烟吗？他从前并不吸烟。但比较常用的形式是did和didnt：Did he use to smoke?He didn t use to smoke.他过去吸烟吗？他从前不吸烟。在针对used to提问时，一般也用didI used

32、 to be a good swimmer.Did you really? I didn t even know you could swim.Did you use to smoke?Yes, I did / used to.我过去是个游泳好手。真的吗？我以前甚至不知道你会游泳。你从前吸烟吗？是的，我吸。would 是另一个用于描述过去经常性行为的词，它与used to有时可以互换，有时则不可以，而且would 需要指出具体时间，used to 则不需要。（1）当used to 暗示与现在的对照时，不可用would 替换：I used to drink heavily, but I have

33、 given up drinking now.我过去喝酒很厉害，但我已戒了。I never used to eat a large breakfast, but I do now.我过去早饭吃得不多，可现在我吃得很多。（2）当used to 描写过去的状态时，也不可与would 互换，would 只表示过去特有的习惯或行为：I used to be a waiter, but now Im a taxi-driver.我过去是个侍者，但现在我是出租汽车司机。They used to own a car.他们过去有辆车。（3）当used to 不强调与现在的对比时，可与would 互换。但一个故

34、事开头时不用would，必须首先用一般过去时或used to 描述背景，然后用would 表示习惯性动作：When I was a boy we always spent/ used to spend our holidays on a farm.We would get up at 5 and we would help milk the cows.我小时候经常在农场度假。我们总是5 点起床，帮助挤牛奶。What sort of things did she like doing as a girl?She used to would climb trees whenever she cou

35、ld.她小时候喜欢做些什么事？她一有机会就爬树be used to 表示“习惯于”，后面跟名词或动名词，be 也可用 get等代替：Im used to shopping alone.我习惯于一个人购物。Im used to getting up early.我习惯于早起。I soon got used to getting up early when I started working as a baker.我开始当面包师不久就习惯早起了。2）表示“许多”的英语短语：(1)修饰可数名词复数形式的有 many, a good/great many, quite a few, a large (

36、或great)/small number of等，其后的谓语动词用复数形式。(2)修饰不可数名词的有much, a great deal of, quite a little, an amount of等。其后的谓语动词用单数形式。(3)既能修饰可数名词，又能修饰不可数名词的有 a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a great quantity of等，谓语动词根据主语是可数或不可数决定单复数形式。a number of +可数名词，谓语用复数，意为许多，大量的the number of +可数名词，谓语用单数，意为的数目3） experience（1）n经历（可数）

37、：I had an amusing experience last year.去年我有过一次有趣的经历。He told me about his experiences as a young man.他向我讲述了他年轻时的经历。（2）n经验，体验（不可数）：They want someone with a lot of experience for this job.他们想要一位有丰富经验的人来承担这项工作。Does she have any experience in teaching?她有教学经验吗？（3）vt经验，体验：Have you ever experienced anything

38、 like this?你经历过像这样的事情吗？The village has experienced great changes since 1980.自1980 年以来这个村子经历了极大的变化。experience 的过去分词常作形容词用，表示“有经验的”、“经验丰富的”：John is an experienced driver.约翰是个经验丰富的司机。4) 1 A flight attendent would take charge of me.我总是由一位空中乘务员照管.would 表示过去经常发生的事，它与 used to 的区别参见第55 课语法。 take charge(of)为

39、固定短语，表示“接管”、“开始管理”等：She took charge of the child after his parents died.孩子的父母去世后，她接管了那孩子。The new manager will take charge (of the company) from next week.新经理从下星期开始管理公司。5）.only on one occasion have I ever felt frightened.只是有一次把我吓坏了。这是一个倒装句。倒装句的结构为“副词+助动词(be, do, have, can,must 等)+主语+句子的其余部分”。它通常用来加强语

40、气，是典型的正式修辞和正式文体。用倒装句的情况包括：（1）句首为否定或近似否定的副词(never, rarely, little, on no occasion,hardly, no sooner飔han 等)：Never has he got so many letters.他从未收到过这么多信。Little does he realize how important this meeting is.他对这个会议的重要性知之甚少。On no occasion must you accept any money if he offers it.他如果给你钱，你可绝不能接受。Hardly had

41、 he begun his speech when he was interrupted.他刚开始讲话就被人打断了。No sooner had he returned than he bought a house and went to live there.他刚一回来便买下了一幢房子住了进去。（2）句首为only 构成的词组（如 only after, only then 等）：Only then did I realize what a mistake I have made.只是到了那时我才意识到我犯了个什么错误。Only after she had taken off her coat

42、 and hat could I recognize her.只有在她脱掉大衣和摘下帽子以后我才认出了她。6） gain height,（飞机）增加高度，爬高。gain 在这里为及物动词，表示“增加”：The car gained speed when it was outside the town. 汽车驶出城区后便加快了速度。He has gained so much weight that he decides to go on a diet.他体重增加得太多了，便决定节食。gain sth.获得gain possession获得所有权gain sbs affections赢得某人的喜爱

43、gain by/from doing sth/sth从某事中获益You can gain by watching how she works.看她怎么样工作你就可获益。第79课课堂笔记（二）7)land（飞机）着陆The pilot managed to land the damaged plane safely.飞行员设法让受到破坏的飞机安全着陆We shall be landing shortly.Please fasten your seat-belts.我们马上就要着陆，请大家系好安全带。8）touch down（飞机）着陆，降落After eight hours, the plane

44、 touched down at New York airport.8 小时之后，飞机在纽约机场着陆。Dont stand up before the plane has touched down.飞机着陆前不要站起来。9）Everybody on board was worried 飞机上的人都很着急.固定短语on board 表示“搭乘（船、飞机、火车、汽车等）”、“在（船、飞机、火车、汽车等）上”：Tom has never been on board a plane before.汤姆以前从没有乘过飞机。Have the passengers gone on board yet?旅客已

45、经上船了吗？Please board the plane immediately.请立刻上飞机。be above board（商业交易）光明正大的The deal was completely above board.这笔交易是完全光明正大的an above-board deal光明正大的交易board at./with sb 寄膳go by the board计划等告吹，放弃Im afraid the new car will have to go by the board.We cant afford it.我看买新车的事情要告吹了，我们买不起。He boarded at my hours

46、e/with me until he found an apartment.他找到住房之前，在我家寄膳。10）curious富于好奇心的，有兴趣的be curious about sth/to do sthI am curious to know what she said我真好奇的想知道她说了什么。爱管闲事的Shes always so curious about my work.她总爱打听我的工作奇特的，不寻常的Its curious that he didnt tell you.他没有告诉你实在反常。curiosity好奇心kjuEri5Csiti11）Learn (of/about)s

47、th获悉，得知I never learned his name我从未听说过他的名字Learn that its no use blaming others。认识到责备别人是没有用learn ones lesson吸取教训Ill never do that again.Ive learnt my lesson.我再也不做那种事了，我已有了教训12）plant（1）种植；在.内种植：Trees were planted along the river.河边栽了树。They are planting flowers around the pool.他们正在水池周围种花。plant sth with sth在.中栽种（花草树木）Joe plants his garden with many flowers and vegetables.乔在他的花园里种植了许多花卉和蔬菜。（2）放置，安置；布置：A bomb was planted on the plane.飞机上安放了一枚炸弹。On that day many policemen were planted along the main street.那天（城里的）主要街道