trains go on rails.ppt

1、L e s s o n 3 4,Trains go on rails,New words,rail 铁轨 speed速度 invent 发明 per每，通过 steam蒸汽 even甚至，还，其实 engine 发动机，引擎 magnetic磁性的 Inventor发明家 jet喷射流 wheel轮子 locomotive机车 engineer工程师 explode爆炸 Railway铁路 Passenger乘客 Distance距离 Iron铁 During在 期间,In the 1700s, many inventions were working on the steam engine.

2、 In the 1760s, a scientist in England invented a way to put steam engines and wheels together. Soon, people had a new type of transportation: the steam locomotive.An English engineer drove the first steam locomotive on a road, but it explodedIn 1804, a locomotive carried about seven passengers a sho

3、rt distance on some iron rails. It was the first railway! It was in England.The first passenger railway opened in England in 1825. the first passenger train was called the Rocket.During the 1830s, countries all over the world started to build railways. After fifty years, railways covered most countr

4、ies.Many train stations built to make it easier for passengers to get on and off the trains. Early trains, like the Rocket, had a top speed of 50 kilometers per hour. Even the best steam locomotives were slow. They could only go about 80 kilometers per hour. Toda trains are much faster. They travel

5、at about 240 kilometers an hour. The fastest trains can go 380 kilometers an hour.,listen,18世纪，许多发明在蒸汽机。在18世纪60年代，一个英国的科学家发明了一种把蒸汽 机和车轮一起。很快，人们有了一种新的交通方式：蒸汽机车。一个英国工程师上驾驶第 一辆蒸汽火车一路，但巴格达1804，机车载着大约七个乘客在一段铁轨的短距离。它是第 一个铁路！这是第一次在英国。在英国铁路客运开通1825。第一条客运列车被称为“火 箭”。在19世纪30年代，世界各国开始修建铁路。五十年后，铁路覆盖了大部分国家。许 多火车站

6、建成，方便旅客上下火车。早期的火车，像火箭，有最高时速50公里每小时。即 使是最好的蒸汽火车缓慢。他们只会到80公里每小时。今天的火车快多了。他们以每 小时240公里。最快的火车每小时能行驶380公里。,translated text,When is the earliest steam locomotive, where In seventeen sixties British what We call the first passenger train? We called it rocket Today, what is the maximum train speed They can

7、go 380 kilomentres,Q u e s t I o n s,How far this train is！,一In the 1700s, many inventions were working on the steam engine. In the 1700s，在18世纪 In the1980s=in the 1980*s 表示.世纪.年代在前面加the inventor发明家invent发明，创造invention发明，创造 work on=work at致力于，从事于 关于work的短语（1）work off意思是发泄，如： He has been out of work f

8、or a year. 他已经失业一年了。 （2）work out意思是成功，有好结果，如： I hope the new play works out. 我希望新的计划会成功。 （3）work up意思是激发，使激动，,Key sentcents,（2）work out意思是“成功，有好结果”，如：I hope the new play works out.我希望新的计划会成功。（3）work up意思是“激发，使激动”，如：The politician worked the crowd up until they shouted together.那政客鼓动群众的情绪,使他们一起喊叫。 二.

9、 In the 1760s, a scientist in England invented a way to put steam engines and wheels together. a way to do sth做某事的方法。动词不定式作定语修饰way，也可用a way of doing sth. of doing sth作定语 三. the first passenger train was called the Rocket. was called被叫做，是一般过去时的被动语态 A何时使用被动语态 不知道或不必说出动作的执行者时使用被动语态 Scientists say that

10、work is done whenever a force moves.科学家们说，力移动时就做了功。 强调动作的承受者时使用被动语态 Sheis liked by everybody.大家都喜欢她。,当动作的执行者不是人而是无生命的事物时使用被动语态 The bridgewas washed away by the flood.桥被洪水冲走了。 有些动词习惯上常用被动语态 He wasbornin this city.他出生在这个城市。 The school issituatedin the suburbs.这所学校位于郊外。 常用于被动语态的动词有 born（出生）、 situate（坐落

11、于）、 build（建造）、break（打破）、publish（出版）等 为了表示委婉或礼貌，避免提及动作执行者或说话者自己时使用被动语态 Youve been told many times not to make the same mistake.你已被 多次告知不要犯同样的错误,1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. 2)was/were done 一般过去时I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reje

12、ct the offer.进行时态的被动语态加being 3) am/is /are being done 现在进行时A new cinema is being built here4) was/were being done 过去进行时A meeting was being held when I was there.完成时的被动语态加been 5) has /have been done 现在完成时All the preparations for the task have been completed, and were ready to start.6) had been done 过

13、去完成时By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.将来时的被动语态加be7) shall/will be done 一般将来时Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.8) should/would be done 过去将来时The news would be sent to the soldiers mother as soon as it arrived.9) be going to do 一般将来时,-be goin

14、g to be done The problem is going to be discussed at the meeting . 10) be to do 一般将来时- be to be done The meeting is to be held on the 10th of October . 11) will be doing 将来进行时-will be being done You will be doing the experiment here at this time next Monday.下周一的这个时候，你正在这儿做实验。-The experiment will be

15、being done here at this time next Monday.12) shall/will have been done 将来完成时The project will have been completed before July.13) have / has been doing 现在完成进行时- have / has been being doneOur teacher has been teaching this lesson for three weeks. 我们老师一直在教这一课已有三周了。-This lesson has been being taught for

16、 three weeks. 14) should/would have been done 过去将来完成时He told me that his new clothes would have been made very soon.,start 是在任何时候开始都行的开始 比如说赛车比赛中 两辆车突然停了 然后又决定再往前开 这么说:Start driving from here!(从这儿开始开吧！)begin 一般用在大事儿上面 不像上面我举的这种例子 鸡皮蒜毛的小事儿 如：Let us begin our show!(让我们开始节目吧！在这里 节目是从头开始)在这里，begin的用法和st

17、art不同 begin有从头开始的意思 而start是从哪儿开始 Start的主语是人，二begin的主语是物,Start 与begin,gather speed(汽车)逐渐加速 increase speed提高速度 keep to speed保持速度 lose speed减速 constant speed匀速 full speed全速 high speed高速 low speed慢速 mean speed平均速度 quick speed快速 top speed最快速度 at a certain speed以一定的速度 at top speed以全速 under full speed全速地 w

18、ith all speed全速地,Speed短语,.根据句子的意思和汉语提示填空.1.In the 1760s, a_(科学家) in England_(发明了) a way to put steam engines and wheels together.2.An English _(工程师)drove the first steam locomotive on a road,but it_(爆炸了) engineer exploded3.Early trains had a top_(速度)of 50 kilometres per hour.4.I always went swimming

19、_(在.期间)the summer holiday.5.Football is very popular_ _ _ _(全世界). .用所给词的正确形式填空1.There are many_(passenger) in the plane.2.Edison is one of the _(invent),he _(invent) a lot of things all his life.3.The buildings_(build) in 2000.4.Which do you like _(well), apples.bananas or oranges?5.Can you _(sing)

20、many songs in English?,时,.单项选择( )1.The plane travels_ about 900 kilometres an hour.A. in B. on C. at D.for( )2.The train stations were built to make it easier for us to _the trains.A.get on and down B.get on and off C.get in and up D. get up ( )3.The boy_Jim is my brother.A. name B.call C. is D. called( )4.Todays train are_than before.A.more faster B. more fastest C.much fast D.much faster( )5.Many years ago,Edison_the light.A.invent B.invents C.inventing D.invented( )6.Railways are made_two rails.A.of B. in