虚拟语气cheerhp123.ppt

1、Subjunctive Mood 虚拟语气,1.英语动词有三种语气， 陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。（见课本P 142页）。 2. 定义：用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。,考点： 1.IF条件句中使用虚拟语气 2.虚拟语气在wish后宾语从句中的用法 3.虚拟语气在would rather后宾语从句中的用法 4.在非真实条件句中，连词if的省略 5.在表示请求、建议、要求、命令的从句中虚拟语气的运用,6.在it is important/necessary后的虚拟语气 7.its (high) time句式 8.with/without

2、/if only等词后的虚拟语气 9.as if/as though等引导的从句中的虚拟语气 10.错综时间条件句 11.表祝愿的话语中的虚拟语气,1：if虚拟语气在非真实条件状语从句中的用法。,条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。 真实条件句所表的假设是可能发生或实现的,是与事实相符的。,If it is fine tomorrow, I will go to visit my grandma.,非真实条件句所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的， 与事实相反的情况。,2. If I were a bird, I would fly to America.,条件从句,If 从句的谓语形

3、式,主句的谓语形式,现在,过去,未来,did（were）,had+done,Would/could/should/might +V.（原）,Would/could/should/might+have+p.p.,1.did (were) 2.should+V. 3. were to do,would/could/should/might +V.（原）,虚拟语气在非真实条件状语从句中的用法。,2.虚拟语气在wish后宾语从句中的用法,Wish 的宾语从句,现在： 过去： 将来：,did（were）,had done,would/could/might+V. should,I wish I _ a

4、bird.（现在） I wish I _ such a mistake.（过去） We wish our parents _ us. （将来）,were,hadnt made,wouldnt punish,Would rather that,现在： 过去： 未来：,I would rather you paid me now.,I would rather you had gone, too.,Dont come. I would rather you came tomorrow.,过去时,过去时,过去完成时,3.虚拟语气在would rather后宾语从句中 的用法,假设条件虚拟倒装。 条件

5、从句中有should， were， had三个助动词可以把if省略，并将这三个词提至句首。 If I were you, I would give it up. _ , I would give it up. If it were not for your advice, we couldnt have got over the difficulties. _ , we couldnt have got over the difficulties.,Were I you,Were it not for your advice,4.在非真实条件句中，连词if的省略,If I had had ti

6、me, I would have run round that lake again. _ , I would have run round that lake again. If there should be a flood, what should we do? _ , what should we do?,Had I had time,Should there be a flood,5.在表示请求、建议、要求、命令的从句中虚拟语气的运用,常见动词： 一个坚持，两个命令，三个建议，四个要求。 1.insist 2. order (order), command 3. advise (ad

7、vice), suggest (suggestion), propose (proposal) 4. demand (demand), require, request (request), desire should + 动词原形，或者将should省略。,我们建议Tom 去休息一下。 他坚决要求我到场。 国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。 他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。,We suggested that Tom (should) have a rest.,He insisted that I (should )be present.,The king ordered that the pris

8、oners (should) be killed the next day.,They requested that we (should) send them to work there.,Its necessary /strange/ natural/ important + that从句中的动词要用虚拟，即（should）+动词原形,It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language. It is strange that she should refuse to come to the party.,6.在it is

9、 important/necessary后的虚 拟语气,Its (about/high) time +that -,过去时,你该走了。,我们该去睡觉了。,Its high time that you went. Its high time that you were going.,Its time that we went to bed.,7.its (high) time句式,8.With、without、if only(但愿、要是就好了)、but for(要不是)、only for(要不是)、otherwise、or、in case of(万一)、in the absence of(缺乏)

10、等词后的虚拟语气即隐含式虚拟语气，可以转化成IF从句,But for the rain, we would have finished the work. If it hadnt been for the rain, we would have finished the work.,If only 要是就好了 If only I knew his name! If only we had followed your advice! If only I could see him again!,要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。 要是我没错过火车就好了！,If only our parent

11、s could live with us!,If only I hadnt missed the train!,as if /as though /even if /even though+ Clause,现在： 过去：,过去时,过去完成时,She loves the baby as if it were her own son. I remember the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday.,9.as if/as though等引导的从句中的虚拟 语气,虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点：,1.假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定。,If you _ （follow）the teachers advice yesterday, you _ (be) in t