初中各年级英语语法知识点

1、初中各年级英语语法知识点2010-09-11 14:30:49七年级上英语知识点归纳1.名词：名词的数（可数及不可数，可数名词的复数形式）、名词所有格2.代词：人称代词、物主代词及指示代词3.数词：基数词和序数词4.Be动词：肯定、否定、疑问、简略回答、缩写5.介词：地点和时间介词、短语中的介词6.一般疑问句和特殊疑问句的构成及回答7.There + be 句型学习指南：本学期的难点是掌握be动词的用法。这个看上去非常简单的知识点，很多同学并未真正学会，尤其是在写作时，经常会把be动词和实义动词连用。其次是there + be句型的活学活用，掌握该句型和have的区别。七年级下英语知识点归纳1

2、.人称代词的用法2.祈使句3.现在进行时的构成和用法4.动词have的用法5.一般现在时构成和用法6.可数名词和不可数名词的构成和用法学习指南：熟练掌握一般现在时和现在进行时两种时态，尤其是一般现在时中的谓语动词“三单”，是很多同学容易忽视的地方。动词have的用法比较灵活多样，学习时务必细心，尤其在阅读文章时如何正确理解have。八年级上英语知识点归纳1.形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成及用法2.情态动词：can, could, must, have to, should3.时态：现在进行时表将来，be going to4.句子的成分、类型，宾语从句5.动词过去式的规则变化和不规则变化学习

3、指南：本学期的难点是动词过去式的规则变化和不规则变化的构成规律，尤其是不规则变化。在记忆不规则变化时，应该进行分类总结记忆，掌握其中的规律，才能达到事半功倍之效果。八年级下英语知识点归纳1.时态：现在完成时；一般过去时；现在进行时表将来；一般将来时；过去进行时2.反意疑问句；状语从句3.直接引语和间接引语4.情态动词学习指南：本学期语法知识点的难度很大，是初中三年里最关键的一个学期。现在完成时历来就是难点，其中包括瞬间动词在现在完成时的用法、现在完成时和一般过去时的区别等。各种状语从句，尤其是条件状语从句也是不太容易学好的。九年级英语知识点归纳1.被动语态2.过去完成时3.定语从句4.动词短语

4、5.动词不定式学习指南：动词不定式和动词短语为本学期的重难点，尤其是短语，中考的要求日渐提高，所以需要花大量时间去记住这些短语，同时能够在阅读中正确理解。定语从句为英语语法中的一个难点，但初中阶段要求不太高，掌握好that, which, who等引导的从句即可。被动语态从考试的角度来说，比较容易。但在实际运用中，尤其是写作时，英汉两种语言的差别，导致我们很少使用被动语态。七年级上册语法总复习与练习作者：dreamkisser 提交日期：2008-8-3 7:09:00 | 分类: | 访问量：588 七年级上册语法总复习与练习一 代词 (pron.) 第一人称单数 第二人称单数和复数 第三人

5、称单数（三单） 第一人称复数 第三人称复数人称代词 我 你 / 你们 他 她 它 我们 他们主格 I you he she it we they宾格 me you him her it us them物主代词 我的 你的/ 你们的 他的 她的 它的 我们的 他们的形容词性 my your his her its our their (一) 翻译成英语：1我是_2.我父母_3. 跟我来_4你可以_5.你的电话号码_6. 谢谢你_7. 他有_ 8.他的姓氏_9. 听他说_10. 她喜欢它。_11.她全家照_12.帮助她_13. 它吃_14.它名字_15.看见它_16.我们想要_17.我们最喜爱的水

6、果_18.加入我们_19. 他们唱歌_ 20.他们旧电脑_21.画出它们_ (二) 选词填空：1. Whats _ name? (you / your ) _ name is Bob. ( My / I / me) 2. _ erasers are in _drawer. (her / she / Her / She) 3. Can _(you / your ) do _ (you / your ) homework?4. _ is a cat. _ name is Mimi. ( it / its / It / Its ) 5. _ brother can speak Japanese. (

7、Hes / His / He ) 6. Please take _ keys to school. _ are on the table. ( they / their / them / They / Their / Them ) 7. _ is thirteen years old. _ birthday is March 1st. (He / His / Him) 8. _ favorite vegetable is tomato. (her / she / Her / She) 9. Can you help _ ?( we / us / our) Please take _ to sc

8、hool. ( they / their / them) 10. _ cant see _baseball. Its behind _.( My / I / me / my ) （三）完成句子：1. A: Whats this / that ? B: _is a dresser. A: How do you spell _ , please ? B: D-R-E-S-S-E-R.2. A: What are these / those ? B: _are tomatoes. 3. A: Does Cindy like salad? B: No, _doesnt.4. A: How much a

9、re his shoes? B: _ are 100 dollars. 5. A: Is Alan your friend? B: Yes, _is.6. A: Do you have a soccer ball? B: Yes, _do. 7. A: Who is that girl? B: _ is Jacks sister.8. This is David and this is Tim. _ are our friends. We often help _ . 9. Those are strawberries. Sally likes _.10. The pants are nice

10、. Ill take _. 二. 名词的格：(1) 有生命的东西的名词所有格：a)单数后加 s 如: Lucys ruler my fathers shirt b) 以s 结尾的复数名词后加 如: his friends bagc) 不以s 结尾的复数后加 s childrens shoes 并列名词中，如果把l s加在最后一个名词后，表示共有, 如: Tom and Mikes car 汤姆和迈克共有的小汽车l 要表示所有物不是共有的，应分别在并列名词后加s Toms and Mikes cars 汤姆和麦克各自的小汽车 (2)表示无生命东西的名词通常用“ of 名词”来表示所有关系：如:

11、a picture of the classroom a map of China翻译:1. 汤姆的背包_2. 我朋友的生日聚会_3. 他们父母亲的房间_ 4. 她两个兄弟各自的电脑_5. 戴维和保罗的两个家庭_6. 露西和莉莉的书橱_7. 男士手表_ 8. 一张吉姆家的全家照_9. 一幅中国地图_10.一本英语字典_三冠词1. 种类：（1）不定冠词：a / an a unit / an uncle 元音开头的可数名词前用an : an egg / an apple / an orange / an eraser / an answer / an ID card / an alarm cloc

12、k / an actor / an actress / an e-mail / an address / an event / an example / an opera / an houran old man / an interesting book / an exciting sport / an action movie / an art lesson /（2）定冠词：the the egg the plane2. 用法:定冠词的用法：（1）特指某（些）人或某（些）物： The ruler is on the desk.（2）复述上文提到的人或物：He has a sweater. T

13、he sweater is new.（3）谈话双方都知道的人或物：The boys arent at school.（4）在序数词前Johns birthday is February the second.（5）用于固定词组中： in the morning / afternoon / evening 不用冠词的情况：（1）专有名词前：China is a big country.（2）名词前有定语：this , that , my , your , some, any , no 等： This is my baseball.（3）复数名词表示一类人和事：Monkeys cant swim.

14、 They are teachers.（4）在节日，日期，月份，季节前：Today is Christmas Day. Its Sunday.（5）一日三餐前：We have breakfast at 6:30.（6）球类 棋类运动前：They often play football after class. He plays chess at home. * 但乐器前要用定冠词：I play the guitar very well.（7）学科名称前：My favorite subject is music.（8）在称呼或头衔的名词前：This is Mr Li.（9）固定词组中：at no

15、on at night by busExercises:一填空：（在有必要的地方填上冠词，不填的划 “/ ”）1. Whats this? Its _ clock. 2. Whats that? Its _ alarm clock.3. What is it? Its _ w. 4. What color is the jacket? Its _ orange. Its _ orange jacket.5. Jims mother is _ Mrs Green. She is _ teacher. 6. Those pens are in _ pencil case.7. Heres _ in

16、teretsing family photo. 8. When does Lily go to _ bed in _ evening?9. _ “h”, _ “o” and _ “w” are in the word “how”. 10. This is _ my English book.11. Where is _ bag? Its under _ table. 12. I often go to _ school at _ 7:00.13. Take _ things to _your brother. 14.They like playing _football. My favorit

17、e subject is _P.E. .15.Do you have_ pingpong bat? Yes, I do. 16Do you want to see _ action movie? No, I want to play _ chess.17. Whens his sisters birthday? Its _April _eleventh. 18.Does Bill like _hamburgers? No, he doesnt.19. A: Lets play _ soccer. B: I dont have _ soccer ball. A: Well, lets play

18、_ drums. B: That sounds good.20. How much are _ two hats? They are 10 dollars. 21. Do you have _ Art Festival at your school? Yes, we do.22. When do people usually eat _ breakfast? They usually eat _ it in _ evening.23. Rick often goes to see _ Beijing Opera _ weekends.24. Can Tom play _ piano? Yes,

19、 he can. Can he play _ it well? No, he cant.25. Please listen to _ teacher carefully. 名词复习 单数名词前有a/an、the或物主代词，如：a book、the book、his book 1、一般情况，加s：bags 2、以s、sh、x、ch结尾，加es：boxes 1.规则变化 3、以 f、fe、结尾，把f、fe改为v加es：shelfshelves可数 4、以辅音+y结尾，把y改为i,加es：babybabies5、以o结尾，加es：tomatoes、patotoes或加s：pianos、photos1

20、、单复数词形：sheep、Chinese、Japanese 2.复数 不规则变化 2、复数名词：clothes、people、police 3、特殊变化：manmen，womanwomen childchildren，footfeet sheepsheep，deerdeer toothteeth，policemanpolicemen名 前面可用many（许多）、a lot of/lots of（许多）、some（一些）、a few （一 点）+可数复数词 1、没有复数形式2、前不加a/an、数字、many、a few，后不加s不可数 3、前可以加some、any、a lot of/much、a

21、 little4、表数量用量词加of词组：a cup of ice cream，two cups of ice cream5、学过的有：broccoli、food、dessert、orange、ice cream、salad、chicken、fruit、soccer、tennis、ping-pong、breakfast、lunch、dinner、help、opera、work、homework、time、Chinese、Japanese、EnglishExercise、写出下列词的复数形式baby _ potato _ knife _ photo _ Chinese _ hamburger _

22、 case _ key _ watch _ name _strawberry _ tomato _ dollar _ orange _ people _documentary _ boy _ piano _ child _ man _ this _ that _ I _ she _ you _ bus _ wish _ Japanese _ 2、翻译短语五门学科 _三部电影_一些动作片_ 许多手表_一点食品_一点蔬菜_许多冰淇淋_三块鸡肉_一些工作_许多作业_四辆公共汽车_ 3、划出下面单词中的不可数名词star、dessert、sock、dollar、help、month、art、brocc

23、oli、cream、dictionary、card、club、fruit、food、sister、chicken、CD、homework、English、runner、Science、people、collection、racket、sport、baseball4、改错1) He has many ice cream for breakfast._ 2) The girl has two broccoli for lunch. _3) I need some salad. _ 4) The student does a few homework every day. _5) I want to

24、 go to movie. _ 6) We can see much clothes in the store. _7) Does she have three cousin? _ 8) They are Japaneses. _9) I have some apple. _ 10) I want to see a Beijing opera. _一般现在时复习1、Be 动词的一般现在时动词要根据句中主语的人称和数而变化。它有三种形式：am, is , aream跟在I后面, 跟单数主语，跟复数主语及单数You后面。如：I am a teacher. My brother is at scho

25、ol. Lucy and Lily are in Class One, Grade Two. You are a good boy.2、 实义动词的一般现在时 一个动作经常反复地发生，就用一般现在时。第三人称单数(he, she , it, Tom等)作主语，谓语动词要加 或 ，这种动词形式简称为单三动.记住：单三人称单三动，其它人称用原型。如They get up at six oclock. He goes to school at seven- thirty .附：动词第三人称单数的构成规则 1）一般情况下加s getgets like-likes 2）以s, x, ch, sh, o结

26、尾的加es: watch-watches go-goes do-does 3）以辅音字母加y结尾的，改y为i，加es carry-carries 特殊： have-has二、情态动词 can 情态动词(can, may, must )后动词用原形。如： I can play the guitar. He can play the violin. 三、几个动词的用法： 1、let后用动词原形 Lets play soccer. 2、like及介词后动词用ing形式， 如：be good at swimming, help kids with singing, like playing baske

27、tball, What about playing tennis?3、want加 to 再加原形 4、help +人+动词原形 help+人+with sth /doing sth.一、用be的适当形式填空。 _ student _ your father a worker Yes, he _ They _ in the classroom This _ an apple Where _ my books 6 We _friends. 7. You _ a good student. 8. These _her peas 9. How much _the T-shirt? 10. How mu

28、ch _ the socks? 11. Our mother _forty. 12. You can _ in our school music club. 13. I want to _ a teacher. 14. Lets _friends. 15. He and I _friends. 16. Tina _a student17. Mary and Tom _ students. 18.Someone _ in the room. 19. Who _ your brother? 20. When _ your uncles birthday?二、完成句子。1. I _ (know) t

29、he boy. 2. They _(go) to work on Saturdays.3. He usually _(comes) to school early. 4.I often _(have) rice, meat and vegetables.5. My grandfather _(play) sports in the park. 6.Miss Li _(teach) English in our school.7. The students of Class Four _(sing) a song on Monday. 8. Alicia and Jerry _ (do) hom

30、ework after school. 9. We _(take) a shower in the evening.10. Her sister _(have) Chinese every day. 11_ you _( have) a soccer ball12 Mary _ (not come) from America. She _(come) from Britain.13 I _( not ,like) playing computer games. 14_Tom and his brother _(study) in Beijing? 15. _ Your brother _(ha

31、ve) a son? 非谓语动词填空。1、Who helps you _(look) after your daughter at home?2、The child is good at _(play) chess. 3、My mother wants_(buy) a sweater.4、What about _(go) to the shop? 5、Bob likes _(watch) TV.6、Can you help kids with _(swim)? 7、Lets _( sing) an English song.8、I want _(join) the soccer club. 9

32、、We like _( see) movies.10、 John often helps his mother_(do) the housework.四、用动词的适当形式填空。1 . Who _ ( teach ) English in your school ?2 . May I _(know) your address? 3 . _(be) you twelve?4 . She _(like) fish ,but she _ ( not like ) meat .5 . Her mother is good at _ ( make ) cakes .6 . Mr Green wants _

33、 ( buy ) a new watch .7 .Who _(be) your English teacher?.8 . My father _ ( go ) to bed at 10:00 every evening .9 . His friend _( like, play) computer games.10 . Lets _(watch) TV. 11. _your mother _(have) a baseball bat? 12._Jim and Tom _(like) hamburgers? 13. What kind of movies _your grandfather _(

34、want) to see? 14. Where _(be) the two volleyballs? 15. That _ (be ) is his family photo. 16We can _(sing) English songs.17. He can _(do) Chinese Kung fu. 18. What time _Mr. Brown _(take) a shower?19. Mrs Jones _(watch) TV on weekends. 20. _(be) your sisters in the bedroom?五、翻译。1、我的朋友的名字是林涛。 2、她的数学书在

35、哪儿？3、谁在房间里？ 4、我是七年级的学生。5、他们的书包在书橱里。 6、你的爸爸几点去上班？7、Lily 和Lucy 有一个大房间。 8、你想买一条蓝色的短裤吗？不，我不想。9、他的叔叔认为记录片很有趣。 10、 我最喜欢语文和数学。11、 你们的弟弟有网球拍吗？不，他没有。 12、 我们晚餐吃汉堡、花椰菜冰淇淋。句型复习 句型结构1、肯定句：主语+be(am/is/are)+ 主语+can+动词原形+ 主语+行为动词原形 +其他 行为动词三单形式 2、否定句：主语+be(am/is/are)+not+ 主语+cant+动词原形+ 主语+dont(doesnt)+动词原形+3、一般问句1b

36、e(am/is/are)+主语+？ Yes,+主语+ be No,+主语+be not. 2Can+主语+动词原形+？ Yes,主语+can No,主语+cant 3Do/Does+主语+动词原形+？ Yes,主语+do/does No,主语+dont/doesnt4、特殊疑问句：1 疑问词+be+主语+？ 主语+be+2 疑问词+can+主语+动词原形+？ 主语+can+动词原形3 疑问词+do(does)+主语+动词原形+？ 主语+ 动词原形(动词三单形式) + 4疑问词：who/how/how old/how much/where/when/why/what/what/what kind

37、 ofwhat time/what subjectII、写出下列动词的三单形式： take be like play swim run do go watch wish think eat have want study help learn teach startIII、将下列句子改为一般疑问句，并作肯定和否定回答：1、My names Bob. 2、Im his uncle. 3、Our shirts are too long. 4、My friend gets up at five oclock. 5、Lucy and Lily like sports. 6、Jerrys teacher

38、 can play chess. 7、Alicia is my aunt. 8、She wants to see Beijing Opera.IV、划出每句中正确的词： 1、(Is/Are)his eraser on the sofa? 2、(Where/What)are your baseball? 3、(Do/Does)Mary have a clock? 4、(Are/Do)they want to see a movie? 5、(Is/Can)she play the violin? 6、I (dont/doesnt)like hamburgers. 7、Why does Alice

39、(likes/like)music?8、Who (am/is) your father? 9、(What/Whats) her favorite subject?10、How much (are/is) her socks?V、句型转换：划线提问1、Peter is 12 years old 2、This is an English book. 3、The backpacks are black. 4、Scott likes history. 5、They have vegetables for lunch. 6、She can play chess and sing. 7、Its nine

40、oclock. 8、We go to bed at ten oclock. 9、His shoes are under the table. 10、Her basketball is 5 dollars. 11、Daves favorite food is ice cream. 12、He likes documentaries. 13、My birthday is October1st. 14、They are fine. 15、Nick wants to join the swimming club. 16、Rick Smith is my favorite actor. 17、Her f

41、avorite subject is science. 18、Mike and Jack like math because its interesting. 19、My mothers favorite color is blue. 20、We go to school in the morning. 21、I think theyre interesting. (改否定句) 22、Its December.30th.today. VI、连词成句1、sister, is, she, your(?) 2、are, Lucys, those, rulers(.)3、thrillers, like

42、, Maria doesnt(.) 4、want, join, to, do, They not, music club,the(.)5、uncle, is, also, thinks, it, boring, Junes father(.) 6、play, my, the, piano, well, can, grandfather(.)7、tennis, like, but, doesnt, Jim, he, volleyball, likes(.) 8、two, has, she, and, sisters, brother, a(.)9、is, the, what, time(?) 1

43、0、 shower, when, take, oclock, five, she, a(?)VII、根据答语或问句，补全对话：1、A： B：His phone number is .2、A:Whats twelve and three? B:3、A: B:Her family name is Brown.4、A: B:My first name is Lisa.5、A: B:Yes,they my drums.6、A: B:No,Bobs shorts arent in the dresser.7、A: B:I usually go to school at 7:15.8、A: B:Lliy

44、has Chinese on Thursday.9、A： B:The white hat is fifty yuan.10、A： B:He can sing and dance.11、A: B:Yes, Jennys favorite teacher is Mr Black.12、A:Can you speak Japanese? B:13、A:How old is John? B:14 、A: B:He watchs TV after dinner.15、A： B：Jack is likes action movies.16、A: B:Yes,he gets home at six.17、A

45、: B:The watches are in the drawer.18、A: B: Because music is relaxing.19、A: B:His favorite subject is science.20、A: B:School starts at 7:30. 其他一、There be句型(1) There be句型主要用以表达“某处（某时）有某人（某物）。”其基本结构为“There be某物（某人）某地（某时）”其中there是引导词，没有词义；主语是be后面的名词， be是谓语动词，在一般现在时中be只用is和are两种形式。There is a book on the

46、desk. 有时为了强调地点，也可把介词短语放在句首。如： On the desk there is a book.(2) There be句型中的be动词如何确定,要用is还是are，须看其后的名词是单数还是复数。若是单数或不可数名词用is，否则就用are。如：There is a tree behind the house.There is some water（水）in the bottle（瓶子）.There are some pears in the box.(3)注意：如果“be”后的主语是由and连接的两个或两个以上的名词，那么be的形式要遵循“远亲不如近邻”的原则。也就是说，“

47、be”的形式是由与它最近的那个名词来确定的。若那个名词是单数或不可数名词要用is，是复数就用are。如：There is a book and some pens on the floor. There are some pens and a book on the floor. 用there be的适当形式填空：1. a bookcase in the the reading room. 2. a sofa in the bedroom , but a bed in it .3. some people in the park . 4. some milk in the glass .5.

48、any flowers in the garden . 6. an apple on the plate ? Yes , .7. any pineapples in the basket ? No , . some pears in it .8. How many desks in the office ? six . 9.How many TVs in the classroom ? only one .10. Whats behind the fridge ? a doll . 11.Whats near the building ? some trees .12. Whats in th

49、e reading room ? a lot of books .13. any jackets in the window ? Yes , . fifteen .14. a table tennis room in this new building? Yes , .15. a desk and two chairs in the study . 16There _ a clock on the table. (a) a. is b. are17._ there a radio on your desk? (b) a. are b. is 18. _there a map on the wa

50、ll? Yes, there _.a.are / is b.is / are c.is / is d.are /are19. There _ some students in the classroom. (a) a. are b. is20. There _ a pencil, a book and two pens on the table. (a) a. is b. are21. There _ two apples, one orange and one banana on the table. (b) a. is b. are21. Are there _pictures on the wall? No, there arent _. (a) a.any / any b. some / any c.some / some23. There isnt a book in his hand. There is _ book in his hand. (a) a. no b. not24. There is a