uint1 grammer.ppt

1、The Attribute,B10U1 Grammar,定语是用来限定、修饰名词或代词的, 定语是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子, 汉语中常用“的”表示。,什么是定语？,可以用作定语的有: 形容词、数词、代 词或名词所有格、名词、副词、介词短 语、动词不定式、V-ing、过去分词、 从句。如: 1) The little boy needs a red pen. There is something wrong with the radio. 2) His bicycle needs repairing. Toms hair needs cutting.,形容词,代词或名词所有格

2、,3) Two boys are playing table tennis. Thirty students attended the party. 4) The hospital has twelve men nurses. They are talking about a maths problem. 5) The boy in the classroom is a friend of Marys. The boy in blue is Mike.,数词,名词,介词短语,6) The best boy here is Tom. The school there is a key middl

3、e school in our city. 7) He is sitting in the smoking room. He gave an inspiring speech yesterday. 8) The boy to write his letter is our monitor. There is nothing to do today.,副词,V-ing,动词不定式,9) The pen bought by her is made in China. There are five boys left. 10) The girl you will know is Mary. Ther

4、e are five boys who will play the game.,过去分词,从句,定语的位置,定语的位置一般有两种: 用在所修饰词之前的叫前置定语, 用在所修饰词之后的叫后置定语。 单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前, 作前置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后, 作后置定语。,定语前置,在英语里, 一般定语前置时的次序为: 限定词,形容词、分词、动名词和 名词性定语。 但当几个形容词同时出现在名词短语 之前, 我们要注意其次序。其形容词 遵循的词序为: 限观形龄色国材,指: 限定词(一般指数量);外观(美丽等); 形状(大小,高矮,肥瘦);年龄;颜色; 国籍;材料;用

5、途。如:,a famous American universityan interesting little red French oil paintinga new plastic bucketan elegant German clock a young Chinese writer a clever little girl a great modern socialist country,这是一间漂亮的、小巧的、呈圆形状的、有些陈旧的、黄颜色的、法国式的木质的房间。 This is a _ _ room.,yellow French wooden,charming small round

6、 old,非谓语做定语 The man_(stand)at the gate is my English teacher. The writer_ (respect) by others writes a lot of best sellers. The next train_(arrive) is from New York.,standing,respected,to arrive,定语后置,短语作定语一般后置It was a conference fruitful of results. He gave me a basket full of eggs. English is a lan

7、guage easy to learn but difficult to master. The boys hardest to teach are all in his class.,修饰some, any, no, every等词构成 的不定代词的定语都后置。Lets go somewhere quiet. There is nothing important in todays paper. Do you have anything more to say? 副词作定语The people here are very friendly. They lived in the room ab

8、ove.,定语从句,The boy who is reading needs the pen which you bought yesterday. The boy you will know is Tom. There are five boys who will play the game.,英语中定语从句中甚至还可能包含定语 从句, 即多重定语从句。如： A healthy diet includes enough but not too many kinds of foods that provide the body with the nutrients that it needs

9、to function properly. 健康的饮食包括的食物应该充足但又 不过多。这些食物提供身体正常活动 所必需的营养。,小结定语从句,关系副词引导定语从句时, 既引导定语从句, 又在定语从句中充当状语。,关系副词的用法总结,时间,时间状语,地点,地点状语,原因,原因状语,The room is comfortable. I live in the room.,The room where I live is comfortable(舒适).,in which,1) where: 在从句中做状语, 表示 地点或场合, 可用in which, at which 等来代替。,2) when在

10、从句中做时间状语,可用on/in/during/at which等来代替。,I will never forget the time. We worked on the farm during that time.,I will never forget the time when we worked on the farm.,during which,3) why在从句中做状语表原因, 常用在先行词reason之后, 可用 for which 来代替。,The reason was that he missed his train. He was late for that reason.,

11、The reason why he was late was that he missed his train.,for which,Comparing The government building where/in which we voted was very grand. b) The government building which/that we paid a visit to yesterday was very grand.,a) The date when/on which I arrived was the 5th August. b) The date which/th

12、at he told me was the 5th August.,The reason why/for which I got a job was because of my hard work. b) The reason that/which he gave for getting the job was because of his hard work.,The way that/which he explained to us was quite simple. b) The way that/in which he explained the sentence to us was

13、not difficult to understand.,More sentences,1. The factory is very large and modern. The factory where my family work is very large and modern. The factory where we paid a visit is very large and modern. The factory where you can see many tall buildings is very large and modern.,The day when I began

14、 school was a very exciting time.,2. The day was a very exciting time.,The day when the Chinese football team beat the Japanese football team was a very exciting time.,The day when I met my old school friend in the street was a very exciting time.,3. I will never forget the time when we studied. 4.

15、They still remember the place where they worked together in the countryside. 5. The teacher can not accept the reason why he was late for the class.,1. He dropped the _ and broke it. A. cup of coffee B. cup for coffee C. coffees cup D. coffee cup 2. There are five pairs of shoes _, but Im at a loss

16、which to buy. A. to be chosen B. to choose from C. to choose D. for choosing,D,考考你,B,3. - How was your recent visit to Qingdao? - It was great. We visited some friends, and spent the _ days at the seaside. A. few last sunny B. last few sunny C. last sunny few D. few sunny last,B,4. The _ is just aro

17、und the corner and you wont miss it. A. bicycles shop B. bicycle shop C. bicycles shop D. bicycless shop 5. If I had _, Id visit Europe, stopping at all the small interesting places. A. a long enough holiday B. an enough long holiday C. a holiday enough long D. a long holiday enough,B,A,6. Id like y

18、ou to give me _ to read. A. different nothing B. something different C. different anything D. anything different 7. A fast food restaurant is the place _ just as the name suggests, eating is performed quickly. A. which B. where C. there D. what,B,B,8. _ to take this adventure course will certainly l

19、earn a lot of useful skills. A. Brave enough students B. Enough brave students C. Students brave enough D. Students enough brave 9. - Look! My name is on the bag. - Yes. I think this is the same bag _ you lost yesterday. A. as B. that C. like D. who,C,A,10. Is this the reason _ at the meeting for hi

20、s carelessness in his work. A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explained D. why he explained,A,For more exercises, click here.,It is reported that two schools, _ are being built in my hometown, will open next year. 2007 四川卷 A. they both B. which both C. both of them D. both of which 2. W

21、e shouldnt spent our money testing so many people, most of _ are healthy. 2007 北京卷 A. that B. which C. what D. whom,高考链接,D,D,3. He was educated at the local high school, _ he went on to Beijing University. 2007 江苏卷 A. after which B. after that C. in which D. in that 4. The thought of going back home

22、 was _ kept him happy while he was working abroad. 2007 上海春 A. That B. all that C. all what D. which,A,B,5. Chans restaurant on Baker Street, _ used to be poorly run, is now a successful business. 2007 浙江卷 A. that B. which C. who D. where 6. Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in t

23、he degree _ they can be controlled on purpose. 2007 重庆卷 A. with which B. to which C. of which D. for which,B,B,7. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, _ wanted to buy it. 2007 安徽卷 A. none of them B. both of them C. none of whom D. neither of whom 8. Eric received training in compute

24、r for one year, _ he found a job in a big company. 2007 辽宁卷 A. after that B. after which C. after it D. after this,D,B,9. They will fly to Washington, _ they plan to stay for two or three days. 2008重庆卷 A. where B. there C. which D. when 10. Occasions are quite rare _ I have the time to spend a day w

25、ith the kids. 08山东卷 A. who B. which C. why D. when,A,D,11. Ill give you my friends home address, _ I can be reached most evenings. 2008 北京卷 A. which B. when C. whom D. where 12. All the neighbor admire this family. _ the parents are treating their child like a friend. 2008 安徽卷 A. why B. where C. whic