初中英语人教版七年级下册语法复习.ppt

1、七年级英语(下)-语法复习,构成,用法,常用时间,动词的过去式,1. 表示过去某个时间发 生的动作或存在的状态。 2. 表示过去经常或 反复发生的动作。,yesterday last night/week in 1990 on Sunday morning,规则动词过去式的构成,do did go went read read see saw get got sit sat have/has had am/is was buy bought eat ate,不规则的过去式要特殊记忆，本单元中出现的不规则动词有以下几个：,一般过去时态句式的构成 陈述句式,一般过去时态句式的构成 疑问句式,一般过

2、去时讲解： 表示：过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 I got up early yesterday. How was your weekend? It was great. She didnt play sports last weekend. Did you go to Central Park? Yes, I did. Where did you go on vacation? 1常带有表过去的时间状语， 如：yesterday, last night, in 2001, just now, two days ago等 2一般过去时态是由be: was(were) 或 did 来表示

3、,. 根据句意，用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. They _(come) to China two months ago. 2. Where _(be) she last week? 3. The twins _(be) at school this morning. 4. _ he _ (tell) you a story last Sunday?,came,was,were,Did tell,5. We _ (not watch) TV last night. 6. Sue _ (sing) an English song this morning. 7. I _ (help) m

4、y mother do some housework yesterday. 8. Tom _ (get up) late this morning, so he _ (catch) the school bus.,didnt watch,sang,helped,got up,didnt catch,. 按要求完成句子，每空一词。 1. My school trip was great. (对划线部分提问) _ _ your school trip? 2. Mr. Smith goes to the park every day. (用yesterday改写句子) Mr. Smith _ to

5、the park _.,How was,went,yesterday,3. It was windy yesterday. (改为一般疑问句) _ _ windy yesterday? 4. Jack watched a basketball game last night. (对划线部分提问) _ _ Jack _ last night?,What did,do,Was it,祈使句的复习建议：,掌握祈使句的基本用法和基本形式： 1) 省略第二人称主语 you. 2) 祈使句的肯定形式：Do/Be 开头； 否定祈使句： Don t do / Don t be开头 3) 为表示礼貌，祈使句前或

6、句末可加please. 句末用please时，please前用“，”隔开。,祈使句的基本含义： 表示请求、命令、劝说、号召、警告等。 1.Turn left on First Avenue and enjoy the citys quiet streets and small parks 2. Dont be late for school. 3. Please write and tell me about yourself. 4. Be quiet. 5. Come in, please. 6. Let me tell you the way to my house.,1. 肯定祈使句的常

7、见句型结构： Do型：动词原形+宾语+其他. Open the door, please. Be型：Be+表语. 如：Be a good boy! Let型：Let+宾语+动词原形+其他. Lets+动词原形+其他. Let me help you. Lets play tennis.,祈使句的句型结构,2. 否定祈使句的常见句型结构： Do型和Be型的否定式： Dont+动词原形 / be+其他. Dont forget me. Dont be late. Let型的否定式： Dont+let+宾语+动词原形+其他. Lets+not+动词原形+其他. Dont let him go bac

8、k. Lets not go swimming. 警示语：No+名词 / 动词-ing形式. No talking.,将下面的句子改为祈使句，每空一词。 1. You can come in. _ _, please. 2. I can help you. _ me _ you. 3. You cant eat in class. _ _ in class. 4. You cant be late for school. _ _ late for school. 5. You cant talk in the library. _ talking in the library.,Come in

9、,Let help,Dont eat,Dont be,No,Practice,用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. Dont _(listen) to music in the library. 2. Do we have to _ (clean) the room every day? 3. You cant _(wear) sunglasses in the classroom. 4. Please _ (arrive) at school on time (准时).,listen,clean,wear,arrive,1. - Can the students eat in the class

10、room? (作否定回答) - No, _. 2. Bill has to play sports every morning. (改为一般疑问句) _ Bill _ _ play sports every morning?,they cant,Does have to,按要求完成句子，每空一词。,3. You cant wear a hat in class. (改为祈使句) _ _ a hat in class. 4. He has to see his grandparents on weekends. (对划线部分提问) What _ he _ _ _ on weekends? 5.

11、Come in, please. (改为否定句) _ _ in, please.,Dont wear,does,have to do,Dont come,There be 句型结构复习建议： 复习的层次： 1. be动词与后面名词单复数一致的问题 2. There be 句型结构与have/has的区别 3. There be 句型结构的就近原则,There be 的一般现在时结构 某地有某物/某时有某事 There is a bank near here. There are many people here on vacation. There isnt a pay phone acros

12、s from the bank. Is there a big supermarket near your house?,There be 句型结构讲解：,1.句子中的be和后面所跟的名词在数方面必须一致。 2.There be 的肯定式：There be (is/are) 否定式： There isnt There arent 疑问式：is/are 提到there的前面 一般疑问句的回答：Yes, there is/are. No, there isnt / arent. 特殊问句的回答：There is/are,There be句型表示“某处有某物/某人”，即表示存在关系，其构成是： 肯定

13、句：There be +名词(主语)+ 否定句：There be+not+名词(主语)+ 一般疑问句：Be + there + 名词 +？,is,are,Yes, there be.,No, there be + not.,There be 句型,过去时：There was/were,1. There is an apple on the desk. 2. There are many students on the playground. 3. There isnt a computer on the desk. 4. -Is there a computer on the desk? -Y

14、es, there is. / No, there isnt. 5. There were some books on the desk yesterday.,注意:,there be句型中的be在人称和数上应与其后的主语保持一致(主语为不可数名词或单数可数名词时用is，为复数名词时用are)。 2. 如果在there be句型中有两个或两个以上的主语，通常采用就近原则，即动词be与邻近的主语在数上保持一致。,There is a big tree in front of the classroom. There are some big trees in front of theclassr

15、oom. There is a book and two pens on the desk. There are two pens and a book on the desk.,*have 及 there be均可表示“有”。 二者区别如下： *have (has)句型: 意为“某人有” (常用人做主语)，表示所属关系 *there be句型：意为“某处有某物”，表示存在关系,have vs. there be,I have a pen. There is a pen on the desk.,.,6. there a bank along the street? A. IsB. AreC.

16、 Am7. The pay phone is the post office and the library. A. inB. betweenC. near8. Martin is sitting next me. We are good friends. A. to B. onC. around9. there orange juice in the fridge( 冰箱)? I dont know. A. AmB. AreC. Is10. -Is there a hotel near here? -Yes,_. A there is B. there are C. there isnt11

17、. There is _old library near here. _library is next to the station. A. a, A B. an , AC. an, The12. There _ a small park and some food shops across from the school. A. is B. are C. am,现在进行时讲解： 表示: 说话瞬间或现阶段正在进的动作。（时态可以通过动词的变化形式来表示） I am watching TV. The students are studying for the exams. She isnt wr

18、iting a letter now Is Nancy doing her homework? What are you doing now?,1.现在进行时时态构成： be (am, is, are)+ doing 2.肯定式： be (am, is, are) + doing 3.否定式： be (am, is, are) +not +doing 4.一般疑问句构成： 将be与主语互换位置 5. 特殊疑问句 What（疑问词）+ be+主语+doing?,4)特殊疑问句： 疑问词 + be +主语 + 动词-ing + 其他? My mother is cooking dinner in

19、the kitchen. Where is your mother cooking dinner? What is your mother doing in the kitchen? Who is cooking dinner in the kitchen?,6进行时的提示词。 如：now, these days，look, listen， Its oclock等 7. 现在分词的四种构成形式: 1) 动词原形+ing. 如：go-going do-doing 2) e结尾的动词，先去e再加ing 如：write-writing take -taking,3) 以重读闭音节结尾的动词，末尾只有

20、一个辅音字母，应先双写这一辅音字母，再加ing. 如： sitsitting run-running begin-beginning 4)以ie结尾的动词先变ie为y, 再+ing. 如： lie-lying die-dying,. 用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. She _ (study) English at a night school these days. 2. Listen! They _ (sing) in the music room. 3. Jane _ (write) an email to her friend now.,Exercise,is studying,are

21、 singing,is writing,. 按要求完成下列各题。 1. She is washing the dishes in the kitchen. (改为否定句) She _ _ the dishes in the kitchen. 2. The boys are playing soccer now. (改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答) _ the boys _ soccer now? _, they _.,isnt washing,arent,Are,playing,No,用所给动词的现在进行时态填空。 1. My parents _(talk) about me now. 2. L

22、ook! Three boys _(run). 3. What _ your mother _(do) now? 4. _ your dog _(sleep) now? 5. _ you _(listen) to music? Yes, I am.,are talking,are running,is doing,Is sleeping,Are listening,按要求改写句子，每空一词。 1. Nancy is watching TV. (改为否定句) Nancy _ _ TV. 2. Bill is doing his homework. (改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答) _ Bill

23、_ his homework? No, he _. 3. Mary is reading a book. (对划线部分提问) _ _ Mary _?,What is doing,isnt watching,Is doing isnt,4. Susan and Bob are watching TV. (改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答) _ Susan and Bob _TV? No, _ _. 5. My brother is listening to a CD. (对划线部分提问) _ your brother _?,Are watching,they arent,Whats,doing,6.

24、 He usually eats dinner at home. (用now改写句子) He _ _ dinner at home now. 7. Mike is doing his homework. (改为否定句) Mike _ _ his homework.,is eating,isnt doing,冠 词,1. 不定冠词a / an 的基本用法： 1） 泛指某人或某物 。如 Then an idea occurred to me. 2） 代表一类人或物,但没有one强烈 。 An elephant is heavier than a horse . 3） 用于某些词组或成语中。 As a matter of fact , I dont like the story.,2. 不定冠词a /an 的位置： a / an 除了位于名词短语之首之外，还有几种特例： 当名词短语中含有so，as，too，how 这样的词时， a /an 的位置为: so/ as /