化工装置常用英语词汇对照[学习类别]

1、化工装置常用英语词汇对照一概论 introduction方案(建议书)proposal可行性研究feasibility study方案设计concept design工艺设计process design基础设计basic design详细设计detail design开工会议kick-off meeting审核会议review meeting外商投资foreign investment中外合资joint venture中外合营joint venture补偿贸易compensation trade合同 合同附件contract卖方vendor买方buyer顾客client承包商contracto

2、r工程公司company供应范围scope of supply生产范围production scope生产能力production capacity项目project界区battery limit装置plant公用工程utilities工艺流程图process flow diagram工艺流程方块图process block diagram管道及仪表流程图piping and instrument drawing物料及热量平衡图mass & heat balance diagram蒸汽及冷凝水平衡图steam & condensate balance diagram设备布置图equipment

3、 layout设备表equipment list成品(产品)product(final product)副产品by-product原料raw-material设计基础数据basic data for design技术数据technical data数据表data sheet设计文件design document设计规定design regulation现场服务site service项目变更project change用户变更client change消耗定额consumption quota技术转让technical transfer技术知识technical know-howtechnic

4、al knowledge技术保证technical guarantee咨询服务consultative services技术服务technical services工作地点location施工现场construction field报价quotation标书bidding book公司利润company profit固定价合同fixed price contract固定单价合同fixed unit price contract成本加酬金合同cost plus award fee contract定金mobilization银行保证书bank guarantee letter保留金retenti

5、on所得税income taxes特别承包人税special contractors taxes城市和市政税city and municipal taxes工作手册work manual工作流程图work flow diagram质量保证程序QA/QC procedures采购计划procurement plan施工计划construction plan施工进度construction schedule项目实施计划project execution plan项目协调程序project coordination procedure项目总进度计划project master schedule设计网

6、络计划engineering network logic项目质量保证project quality assurance项目质量控制project quality control采购procurement 采购周期procurement period会签the squad check计算书calculation sheets询价inquiry检验inspection运输transportation开车start up / commission验收inspection & acceptance校核check审核review审定approve版次version部门department专业specia

7、lty项目号project number图号drawing number目录contents序言foreword章chapter节section项itemMRmaterial requisitionSPECengineering specificationDATA SHEET（技术表）technical data sheetTBA(技术评标）technical bid analysisPDPpreliminary design packagePM (项目经理)project managerLDE(专业负责人)lead discipline engineerMRQ(材料询价单)Material

8、requisition for quotationMRP(材料采购单)material requisition for purchaseBEP(基础工程设计包)basic engineering packageP&ID(管道及仪表流程图)piping and instrument drawing(diagram)PFDprocess flow diagramNNFnormally no flowFOfailure openFCfailure closeC/S/Acivil/structure/architectureDDP（详细设计阶段）detail design phase二. 工艺流程连续

9、过程continuous process间歇过程batch process工艺叙述process description工艺特点process feature操作operation反应reaction副反应side reaction絮凝flocculation浮洗flotation倾析decantation催化反应catalytical reaction萃取extraction中和neutralization水解hydrolysis过滤filtration干燥drying还原reduction氧化oxidation氢化hydrogenation分解decomposition离解dissocia

10、tion合成synthetics吸收absorption吸附adsorption解吸desorption结晶crystallization溶解solution调节modulate控制control悬浮suspension循环circulation再生regeneration再活化reactivation沥取leaching破碎crushing煅烧caloination沉降sedimentation沉淀precipitation气化gasification冷冻refrigeration固化、结晶solidification包装package升华sublimation燃烧combustion引烧i

11、gnition蒸馏distillation碳化carbonization压缩compression三、化学物质及特性固体solid液体liquid气体gas化合物compound混合物mixture粉powder片状粉未flake小粒granule结晶crystal乳化物emulsion氧化物oxidizing agent还原剂reducing agent有机物organic material真空vacuum母液master liquor富液rich liquor贫液lean liquor萃出物extract萃余物raffinate絮凝剂flocculants冷冻盐水brine酸度acidit

12、y浓度concentration碱度alkalinity溶解度solubility凝固点solidificalion point沸点boiling point熔点melting point蒸发率evaporation rate粘度viscosity吸水的water absorbent(a)无水的anhydrous(a)外观appearance无色的colorless(a)透明的transparent(a)半透明的translucent密度density比重specific gravity催化剂catalyst燃烧combustion引燃ignition自然点self-ignition temp

13、erature可燃气体combustible gas可燃液体inflammable liquid易燃液体volatile liquid爆炸混合物explosive mixture爆炸性环境explosive atmosphere(environment)爆炸极限explosive concentration limit废水waste water废液waste liquid废气off-gas噪声noise pollution成分composition挠度deflection力和力矩force and moment弯矩bending moment应力-应变曲线stress-strain diagr

14、am百分比percentage环境温度ambient temperature工作温度operating设计温度design temperature(pressure)相对湿度RH=relative humidity油渣、淤泥sludge杂质impurity四、化工设备泵pump轴流泵axial flow pump真空泵vacuum pump屏蔽泵canned pump柱塞泵plunger pump涡轮泵turbine pump涡流泵vortex pump离心泵centrifugal pump喷射泵jet pump转子泵rotary pump管道泵inline pump双作用往复泵double

15、action reciprocating pump计量泵metering pump深井泵deep well pump齿轮泵gear pump手摇泵hand(wobble) pump螺杆泵screw (spiral) pump潜水泵submersible pump斜转子泵inclined rotor pump封闭式电磁泵hermetically sealed magnetic drive pump气升泵air-lift-pump轴承bearing叶轮impeller虹吸管siphon高压容器high pressure vessel焚化炉incinerator火焰清除器flame arrester

16、工业炉furnace烧嘴burner锅炉boiler回转窑rotary kiln加热器heater电加热器electric heater冷却器cooler冷凝器condenser换热器heat exchanger反应器reactor蒸馏釜still搅拌器agitator混合器mixer静态混合器static mixers管道混合器line mixers混合槽mixing tanks破碎机crusher磨碎机grinder研磨机pulverizer球磨机ballmill过滤器filter分离器separator干燥器drier翅片fins烟囱stack火炬flare筛子screen煅烧窑calc

17、iner倾析器decanter蒸发器evaporator再沸器reboiler萃取器extractor离心机centrifuger吸附（收）器adsorber结晶器crystallizer电解槽electrolyzer电除尘器electric precipitator洗涤器scrubber消石灰器slaker料仓bin料斗hopper加料器feeder增稠器thickener澄清器clarifier分级器classifier浮洗器flocculator废液池sump喷射器ejector喷头sprayer成套设备package unit仪器设备apparatus附属设备accessory旋转式压

18、缩机rotary compressor往复式压缩机reciprocating compressor水环式压缩机nash compressor螺杆式压缩机helical screw compressor离心式压缩机centrifugal compressor多级压缩机mutiple stages compressor固定床反应器fixed bed reactor流化床反应器fluidized bed reactor管式反应器tubular reactor列管式换热器tubular heat exchanger螺旋板式换热器spiral plate heat exchanger萃取塔extract

19、ion column板式塔plate column填料塔packed column洗涤塔scrubber吸收塔absorber冷却塔cooling tower精馏塔fractionating tower汽提塔stripper再生塔regenerator造粒塔prill tower塔附件tower accessories液体分配（布）器liquid distributor填料支持板support plate定距管spacer降液管downcomer升气管chimney顶(底)层塔盘top (bottom) tray挡板baffle抽出口draw nozzle溢流堰weir泡罩bubble cap

20、筛板sieve plate浮阀float valve除沫器demister pad塔裙座skirt椭圆封头elliptical head高位槽head tank中间槽intermediate tank加料槽feed tank补给槽make-up tank计量槽measuring tank电解槽cell溜槽chute收集槽collecting tank液滴分离器knockout drum稀释罐thinning tank缓冲罐surge drum回流罐reflux drum闪蒸罐flash drum浮顶罐floating roof tank内浮顶罐covered floating roof tan

21、k球罐spheroid气柜gas holder湿式气柜wet gas-holder干式气柜dry gas-holder螺旋式气柜helical gas-holder星型放料器,旋转阀rotary valve抽滤器mutche filter压滤器filter press压滤机pressure filter板框压滤器plate-and-fram filter press转鼓过滤器rotary drum filter带式过滤器belt filter翻盘式过滤器袋滤器bag filter旋风分离器cyclone separator盘式干燥箱compartment tray drier真空干燥器vacu

22、um drier隧道式干燥器tunnel drier回转干燥器rotary drier穿流循环干燥器through circulation drier喷雾干燥器spray drier气流干燥器pneumatic conveyor drier圆盘式加料器dish feeder螺旋式加料器screw feeder颚式破碎机jaw crusher回转破碎机gyratory crusher滚洞破碎机roll crusher锤式破碎机hammer crusher冲击破碎机rotor impact breaker气流喷射粉碎机jet pulverizer棍磨机rod mill雷蒙机raymond mill

23、锤磨机hammer mill辊磨机roller mill振动筛vibrating screen回转筛rotary screen风机fan罗茨鼓风机roots blower起重机crane桥式起重机bridge crane电动葫芦motor hoist发电机generator电动机motor 汽轮机steam turbine五、管道工程piping engineering1 阀门valve阀杆stem内螺纹阀杆inside screw阀座valve seat (body seat)阀座环、密封圈sealing ring阀芯(包括密封圈,杆等)trim阀盘disc阀体body阀盖bonnet手轮h

24、and wheel手柄hand level (handle)压盖gland闸阀gate valve平行双闸板double disc parallel seat楔形单闸板split wedge截止阀globe valve节流阀throttle valve针阀needle valve角阀(角式截止阀)angle valveY型阀(截止阀)Y-valve(Y-body globe valve)球阀ball valve三通球阀3-way ball valve蝶阀butterfly valve对夹式(薄片型)wafer type偏心阀板蝶阀offset disc (eccentric) butterfl

25、y valve斜阀盘蝶阀canted disc butterfly valve连杆式蝶阀link butterfly valve止回式蝶阀combined non-return butterfly valve柱塞阀piston type valve旋塞阀plug valve三通旋塞阀three-way plug valve四通旋塞阀four-way plug valve旋塞cock衬套旋塞sleeve cock隔膜阀diaphragm valve橡胶衬里隔膜阀rubber lined diaphragm valve直通式隔膜阀straight way diaphragm valve夹紧式胶管阀

26、pinch valve止回阀check valve升降式止回阀lift check valve旋启式止回阀swing check valve落球式止回阀ball check valve弹簧球式止回阀spring ball check valve底阀foot valve切断式止回阀stop check valve活塞式止回阀piston check valve翻板止回阀flap check valve蝶式止回阀butterfly check valve安全泄气阀safetySV安全泄放阀relief valveRV安全泄压阀safety relief valve杠杆重锤式lever and we

27、ight type罐底排污阀flush-bottom tank valve波纹管密封阀bellow sealed valve电磁阀solenoid (operated) valve电动阀electrically(electric-motor)operated valve气动阀pneumatic operated valve低温用阀cryogenic service valve蒸汽疏水阀steam trap机械式疏水阀mechanical trap浮桶式疏水阀open (top) bucket trap浮球式疏水阀float trap倒吊桶式疏水阀inverted bucket trap自由浮球

28、式疏水阀loose float trap恒温式疏水阀thermostatic trap压力平衡式恒温疏水阀balanced pressure thermostatic trap热动力式疏水阀thermodynamic trap脉冲式蒸汽疏水阀impulse steam trap放汽阀(自动放汽阀)(automatic) air vent valve换向阀diverting (reversing) valve呼吸阀breather valve减压阀pressure reducing valve控制阀control valve执行机构actuator差压调节阀differential pressu

29、re regulating valve切断阀block (shut-off, stop) valve调节阀regulating valve快开阀quick opening valve快闭阀quick closing valve隔断阀isolating valve三通阀three way valve夹套阀jacketed valve非旋转式阀non-rotary valve2管子,管件,法兰管子pipe(按标准制造的配管用管)tube(不按标准规格制造的其它用管)钢管steel pipe铸铁管cast iron pipe衬里管lined pipe复合管clad pipe碳钢管carbon ste

30、elC.S.pipe合金钢管alloy steel pipe不锈钢管stainless steelS.S.pipe奥氏体不锈钢管austenitic stainless steel pipe铁合金钢管ferritic alloy steel pipe轧制钢管wrought-steel pipe锻铁管wrought-iron pipe无缝钢管seamlessSMLS steel pipe焊接钢管welded steel pipe电阻焊钢管electric-resistance-welded steel pipe电熔(弧)焊钢板卷管electric-fusion(arc)-welded steel

31、-plate pipe螺旋焊接钢管spiral welded steel pipe镀锌钢管galvanized steel pipe排污阀blowdown valve集液排放阀drip valve排液阀drain valve放空阀vent valve卸载阀unloading valve排出阀discharge valve吸入阀suction valve取样阀sampling valve手动阀hand operated(manually-operated) valve(水)龙头bibb;bib;faucet抽出液阀(小阀)bleed valve旁路阀by-pass valve软管阀hose va

32、lve混合阀mixing valve破真空阀vacuum breaker冲洗阀flush valve根部阀root (primary, header) valve水煤气钢管water-gas steel pipe塑料管plastic pipe玻璃管glass tube橡胶管rubber tube壁厚wall thicknessWT壁厚系列号schedule numberSCH.NO.加厚的,加强的extra heavy (strong)双倍加厚的,双倍加强的double extra heavy (strong)弯头elbow异径弯头reducing elbow长半径弯头long radius

33、elbow短半径弯头short radius elbow长半径180弯头long radius return短半径180弯头short radius return三通tee异径三通reducing tee等径三通straight tee带支座三通base tee45斜三通45lateralY型三通trueY四通cross异径管reducer同心异径管concentric reducer偏心异径管eccentric reducer管接头coupling;full coupling活接头union短管nipple预制弯管fabricated pipe bendU型弯管Ubend法兰端flanged

34、 end万向接头universal joint对焊的butt weldedBW螺纹的threadedTHD承插焊的socket weldedSW法兰flangeFLG整体管法兰integral pipe flange钢管法兰steel pipe flange螺纹法兰threaded flange滑套法兰slip-on flange平焊法兰slip-on-welding flange承插焊法兰socket welding flange松套法兰lap joint flangeLJF对焊法兰weld neck flangeWNF法兰盖blind flange;blind异径法兰reducing fl

35、ange压力级pressure rating(class)突面raised faceRF凸面male face凹面female face全平面;满平面flat face;full faceFF3.管道特殊件piping speciality粗滤器strainer过滤器filter临时过滤器temporary strainer(cone type)Y型过滤器Y-type strainerT型过滤器T-type strainer永久过滤器permanent filter洗眼器及淋浴器eye washer and shower视镜sight glass阻火器flame arrester喷咀;喷头sp

36、ray nozzle喷射器ejector取样冷却器sample cooler消音器silencer膨胀节expansion joint波纹膨胀节bellow补偿器compensator软管接头hose connectionHC快速接头quick coupling金属软管metal hose橡胶管rubber hose挠性管flexible tube特殊法兰special flange漏斗funnel8字盲板spectacle (figure 8) blind爆破板rupture disk4,其它材料碳素钢carbon steel C.S.不锈钢stainless steelS.S.铸铁cast

37、 ironC.I.铝aluminum铜,紫铜copper钛titanium抗拉强度tensile strength非金属材料non-metallic material塑料plastic陶瓷ceramic搪瓷porcelain enamel玻璃glass橡胶rubber垫片gasketGSKT平垫片flat gasket填料packing型钢shaped steel角钢angle steel槽钢channel steel工字钢I-beam宽缘工字钢或H钢wide flanged beam扁钢flat bar圆钢round steel; rod钢带strap steel网络钢板checkered

38、plate材料表bill of materialBOM材料统计material take-offMTO散装材料bulk material综合管道材料表consolidated piping material summary sheetCPMSS汇总表summary sheet5.设备布置及管道设计中心线center line装置边界boundary limitBL区界area limit设备布置equipment arrangement (layout);plot plan标高,立面elevationEL支撑点point of supportPOS工厂北向plant north方位orient

39、ation危险区hazardous area classification净正吸入压头net positive suction head绝对标高absolute elevation坐标coordinate管道研究piping study管道布置平面piping arrangement planPAP管道布置piping assembly; layout详图detailX视图view XA-A 剖视section A-A轴测图isometric drawing索引图key plan管道及仪表流程图piping and instrument diagramP&ID管口表list of nozzle

40、s地上管道above ground piping地下管道under ground piping管线号line number总管header; manifold旁路by pass常开normally open常闭normally closed取样接口sampling connection伴热管tracing pipe蒸汽伴热steam tracing热水伴热hot-water tracing电伴热electrical tracing夹套管jacketed line全夹套管full jacketed比例scale图figure草图sketch图例legend符号symbol件号part numbe

41、r入口inlet; suction出口outlet;discharge排出口exhaust排液drain放空vent污水坑sump pit集水池collecting basin沟槽trough管沟piping trench地漏floor drain走道,过道walk way; gang way预留区future area人孔manholeMH手孔handholeHH下水管sewer管口nozzle管口方位nozzle orientation方向direction位置location相交intersection垂直,正交,垂直的perpendicular平行,平行的parallel管顶top o

42、f pipe TOP管底bottom of pipe BOP沟底bottom of trench底平flat on bottomFOB顶平flat on topFOT水平的Horizontal垂直的,立式的vertical上升管;垂直管riser等级分界material specification break隔热分界insulation break管道等级piping class管道材料规定piping material specification公称直径nominal (pipe) size diameterDN公称压力nominal pressure(pressure rating)磅/平

43、方英寸pounds per square inchPSI公斤/平方厘米kilograms per square centimeterkg/cm2管道附件piping attachment腐蚀余量corrosion allowance管段,短管spool piece ; spool直管run pipe;straight pipe弯管bend管件直连fitting to fitting水平安装horizontal installation垂直安装vertical installation对称的symmetric坡度slope管间距line spacing管道跨距line span间隙,净空clea

44、rance尺寸dimension高度height6.管道支吊架管托shoe管卡clampU型夹(卡)clevis支耳lug预埋件embedded part鞍座saddle裙座skirt支承架resting support滑动架sliding support固定架anchor导向架guide限位架stop吊架hanger弹簧架spring support弹簧托resting type;spring support弹簧吊架spring hanger滚动支架rolling support减振器snubber标准管架standard pipe support通用管架typical pipe suppo

45、rt悬臂架cantilever support三角架triangular support支腿leg型管架-type supportL型管架L-type support柱式管架pole type support墙架support-on-wall管墩,低管架sleeper特殊管架special support跨度span伸出长度(指预埋螺栓)extrusion热应力分析thermal stress analysis管道柔性分析piping flexibility analysis力矩moment弯曲力矩bending moment扭矩torque荷载load反力reaction位移displace

46、ment附加位移appendant displacement冷紧,冷拉cold spring固定点fix point; anchor point应力stress弯曲应力bending stress轴向应力axial stress安全系数safety factor7焊接及热处理焊接welding电弧焊arc welding电熔焊electric fusion weldingEFW氩弧焊argon-arc welding水压试验hydraulic testing气压试验pneumatic testing8.隔热隔音及涂漆玻璃棉glass wool岩棉rock wool聚氨脂,聚氨基甲酸脂polyu

47、rethane管壳shell棉毡blanket玻璃布glass (fiber) cloth镀锌铁皮galvanized (sheet) iron;galvenized plain sheet隔热层insulation保温hot insulation保冷cold insulation人身保护personal protection隔音sound insulation吸声sound-absorbing分贝decibel涂漆painting螺栓bolt自攻螺钉self tapping screw螺母nut垫圈gasket管螺纹pipe thread锥管螺纹taper pipe thread六.自动控制

48、测量measurement测量点measurement point反馈信号feedback signal范围range精确度accuracy量程迁移span shift零点迁移zero shift信号signal模拟信号analog signal输出信号output signal输入信号input signal数字信号digital signal变送器transmitter检测仪表measuring instrument显示仪表display instrument积算器integrating instrument指示仪表indicating instrument记录仪表recording instrument盘装仪表panel-mounted instrument架装仪表rack-mounted instrument分散控制仪表distributed control system执行器correct