名词性从句的特点

1、英语名词性从句的特点英语的名词性从句（Noun clause）具有名词的句法功能，在句子中充当主语、宾语、表语和同位语。其表现特点有以下六个方面：1来源于疑问句并含间接疑问的名词性从句。例如：How the prisoner escaped remains a mystery.（主语从句）试比较：How did the prisoner escape?I wonder whether/if he is fit for the job.（宾语从句）试比较：Is he fit for the job?The problem is who will be equal to the task.（表语从

2、句）试比较：Who will be equal to the task?He had no idea whether we could overcome the present difficulties or not.（同位语从句）试比较：He asked whether/if we could overcome the present difficulties.引导此类名词性从句的连接词直接来源于疑问句的疑问词。名词性从句用陈述句语序。2来源于陈述句的名词性从句。例如：That he came back made us very happy.（主语从句）试比较：He came back.Im

3、 sorry (that) Ive made a mistake.（宾语从句）试比较：Ive made a mistake.He pretended (that) he didnt see me.（宾语从句）试比较：He didnt see me.The fact is that his bark is worse than his bite.（表语从句）试比较：His bark is worse than his bite.Word came that he would come to see us all.（同位语从句）试比较：He would come to see us all.由此可

4、见，凡由陈述演绎而来的名词性从句，其引导词一律为that。引导宾语从句的that在口语或非正式语体中常可省略。3来源于“先行词+定语从句”的名词性从句，其引导词一般是含有先行词在内的关系代词“what”。例如：What the teacher says has a deep effect on his pupils.（主语从句）试比较：All (that)the teacher says has a deep effect on his pupils.The doctor did what he could to save the dying boy.（宾语从句）试比较：The doctor

5、did everything (that)he could to save the dying boy.China is no longer what she used to be.（表语从句）试比较：China is no longer the country that she used to be. 4来清于“any+定语从句”的强调式名词性从句，其引导词为whoever, whomever, whatever, whichever等。例如：Whoever breaks the law is to be punished.（主语从句）试比较：Anyone who breaks the la

6、w is to be punished.He will give the dictionary to whoever needs if most.（宾语从句）试比较：He will give the dictionary to anyone who needs it most. Well remember whomever we turned to for help. 试比较：Well remember anyone (whom) we turned to for help.They will do whatever he wants them to do.（宾语从句）试比较：They wil

7、l do anything that he wants them to do. Ill read whichever book you give me.（宾语从句）试比较：Ill read any of the books that you give me. Whoever comes first may have enough to do.（主语从句）试比较：Anyone who comes first may have enough to do.5来源于感叹句的名词性从句，其引导词是what和how。例如：Margaret told him what a good deed he had

8、done.（宾语从句）试比较：What a good deed you have done!George, you dont know how hard it is to make both ends meet.（宾语从句）试比较：How hard it is to make both ends meet!感叹句充当名词性从句仍具有感慨的意思。6名词性从句与非谓语动词之间存在转换关系。名词性从句取代原句的非谓语动词部分仍可在句中作主语、宾语、表语或同位语，基本意思不变。例如：1 . That she lost her necklace on the way home made her so w

9、orried.Losing her necklace on the way home made her so worried.2 . We suggested that he be sent to hospital at once.We suggested his (him) being sent to hospital at once.3 . No one noticed that some boys were playing under the bridge.No one noticed some boys playing under the bridge.4 . It is necessary that we should learn a second language.It is necessary for us to learn a second language.5. She didnt know whether she should go or stay.She didnt know whether to go or to stay.6. It is said that he works hard at English.He is said to work hard at English.7 . It (so) happened that I had re