6级翻译常考的中国文化词汇

1、风水：Fengshui; geomantic omen阳历：solar calendar阴历：lunar calendar闰年：leap year十二生肖：zodiac春节：the Spring Festival元宵节：the Lantern Festival清明节：the Tomb-sweeping Day端午节：the Dragon-boat Festival中秋节：the Mid-autumn Day重阳节：the Double-ninth Day七夕节：the Double-seventh Day春联：spring couplets春运：the Spring Festival trav

2、el把中国的汉字“福”字倒贴在门上(听起来像是福到)预示新年有好运：turn the Chinese character for luck (fu) upside down to make “dao”(which sounds like arrival) and put it on your door to bring in good fortune for the new year庙会：temple fair爆竹：firecracker年画：(traditional) New Year pictures压岁钱：New Year gift-money舞龙：dragon dance舞狮：lion

3、 dance元宵：sweet sticky rice dumplings花灯：festival lantern灯谜：lantern riddle食物对于中国佳节来说至关重要，但甜食对于农历新年特别重要，因为他们能让新的一年更加甜蜜。Food is central to all Chines festivals, but sugary snacks are especially important for Lunar New Year, since they sweetne up prospects for the coming year.传统的佳节食物包括年糕、八宝饭、饺子、果脯和瓜子。Tra

4、ditional holiday treats include nian gao (rice pudding), ba bao fan (eight treasure rice), jiao zi (crispy dumplings), candied fruits and seeds.四合院：Siheyuan/ Quadrangle亭/阁：pavilion/attic刺绣：Embroidery剪纸：Paper Cutting书法：Calligraphy针灸：Acupuncture象形文字：Pictograms/Pictographic Characters偏旁：radical战国：Warri

5、ng States人才流动：Brain Drain/Flow铁饭碗：Iron Bowl黄土高原：Loess Plateau红白喜事：Weddings and Funerals儒家文化：Confucian Culture孟子：Mencius火锅：Hot Pot诗经：the Book of Songs史记：Historical Records/ Records of the Grand Historian西游记：The Journey to the West唐三彩：Tri-color Pottery of the Tang Dynasty/ The Tang Tri-colored Pottery

6、火药：gunpowder印/玺：Seal/Stamp京剧：Beijing Opera/Peking Opera秦腔：Crying of Qin People/Qin Opera相声：Cross-talk/ Comic Dialogue电视小品：TV Sketches/TV Skit太极拳：Tai Chi天坛：Altar of Heaven in Beijing故宫博物馆：The Palace Museum敦煌莫高窟：Mogao Caves小吃摊：Snack Bar/Snack Stand春卷：Spring Roll(s)莲藕：Lotus Root北京烤鸭：Beijing Roast Duck门

7、当户对：Perfect Match/ Exact Match水浒：Water Margin/Outlaws of the Marsh文房四宝(笔墨纸砚)：”The Four Treasure of the Study”/ “Brush, Ink-stick, Paper, and Ink-stone”兵马俑：Cotta Warriour/ Terracotta Army中华文化源远流长，汉语博大精深，在做汉译英的过程中，我们经常会遇到一些成语表达，这些成语言简意赅，表达准确，可是在翻译成英语的时候就要让译者费不少功夫。今天我们就来介绍其中常见的一些成语的英译，帮助大家备考英语六级翻译考试。(一

8、)并列关系名山大川famous mountains and great rivers名胜古迹scenic spots and historical sites湖光山色landscape of lakes and hills青山绿水green hills and clear waters奇松怪石strangely-shaped pines and grotesque rock formations平等互利equality and mutual benefit扬长避短play up strengths and avoid weaknesses反腐倡廉fight corruption and bui

9、ld a clean government简政放权streamline administration and institute decentralization集思广益draw on collective wisdom and absorb all useful ideas国泰民安the country flourish and the people live in peace and harmony政通人和the government functions well and people cooperate well国计民生national welfare and the peoples l

10、ivelihood辞旧迎新bid farewell to the old year and usher in the new徇私舞弊bend the law for personal gain and engage in fraud流连忘返linger on with no thought of leaving for home国际局势复杂多变the complex and volatile international situation开拓进取blaze new trails and forge ahead求同存异seek common ground while shelving diffe

11、rences(二) 语意重复广袤无垠的中华大地the boundless expanse of the Chinese territory高瞻远瞩的决策a visionary/far-sighted decision贯彻落实重大决策carry out/ implement a series of major policy decisions层峦叠嶂peaks rising one after another优胜劣汰survival of the fittest延年益寿prolong ones life灵丹妙药panacea / miraculous cure长治久安a long period

12、of stability求真务实pragmatic审时度势size up the trend of events招商引资attract investment誉满全球举世闻名world-renowned功在当代，利在千秋in the interest of the current and future generations继往开来，承前启后(continue the past and open up the future ) break new ground for the future路遥知马力，日久见人心Time will tell.吃的苦中苦，方知甜中甜no sweet without

13、sweat车到山前必有路，船到桥头自然直in the end things mend /theres always a way out急功近利eager for instant success and quick profits大黑扫黄crack down on gangland and pornography德高望重of high ability and integrity互利互补mutually complementary and beneficial互谅互让mutual understanding and accommodation遵纪守法observe the relevant cod

14、e of conduct and the law(三) 目的关系减员增效downsize (and cut payroll) to improve efficiency (for efficiency)退耕还林return cultivated land to forest or pastures集资办学raise money to set up new schools结党营私form cliques for private gain扭亏为盈turn a loss-making enterprise into a profitable one(四) 途径方式寓教于乐teach through

15、lively activities因材施教teach students according to their aptitude按劳分配distribution according to performance以商养文support /sponsor cultural activities with the profits from doing business(五) 偏正词组廉洁奉公honestly perform ones official duties环境绿化environmental greening超前消费premature consumption; Over-consume; exc

16、essive consumption以强凌弱the strong domineering over the weak以人为本people foremost; People-oriented(六) 动宾关系优势互补complement each others advantages自主经营，自负盈亏make ones own management decisions, take full responsibility for ones own profits and losses(七) 条件关系不进则退no progress simply means regression(八) 省略意象瞻前顾后over cautions and in