高中英语虚拟语气.ppt

1、2020/10/9,虚拟语气Subjunctive Mood,GRAMMER 语法,陈述语气I went to the theatre yesterday.Jack hasnt come back home yet. 祈使语气Lets go.Dont touch anything on the table until the bell rings.,一. 语气的分类,英语的动词一般可带三种不同的语气: 陈述语气, 祈使语气和虚拟语气。不同的语气用动词的不同形式来表示。,A: Why dont our grandchildren visit us more often? B: They dont

2、 have enough time. If they had more time, theyd visit us more often.,【观察体会】 请看下图及对话，体会虚拟语气的用法。,A: Do you enjoy driving a school bus? B: Not really. I wish I drove a taxi.,2020/10/9,条件句表示主句的条件, 分真实条件句和虚拟条件句两种。,a. 真实条件句 表示条件是真的或有可能实现的, 采用陈述语气。 b. 虚拟条件句表示条件是无法实现或几乎无法实现的, 采用虚拟语气。,(The Subjunctive Mood)表

3、示说话人所说的话不是事实, 而是一种假设, 愿望, 怀疑或推测。虚拟语气主要用于if条件状语从句, 也可用于名词性从句等。,二. if 虚拟条件句的结构,a. 表示与现在事实相反的假设 b. 表示与过去事实相反的假设 c. 表示与将来事实相反的假设,1. 虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中 表示与现在事实相反的假设 If + did/ were, 主语+ would / should/ could / might do,虚拟语气,If I were a boy, I would join the army.,What would you do if you won the lottery? If I

4、won the lottery, I would,If I won the lottery, I would buy an expensive car.,If I had a lot of money, I would buy a villa.,If I had a lot of money now, I would travel around the world.,If it were fine now, I would go shopping.,a. If they _ (be) here now, they _ (take) your advice. b. If the world-wa

5、r _ (burst) out again, what _ (happen) to our people on earth?,were,would take,burst,would happen,PRACTICE 1: Fill in the blanks.,c. If the policeman _ (be not) in that room, it _ (be) very dangerous. d. If I _ (be) in your position, I _ (ask) for the teachers help.,were not,could be,were,would ask,

6、2. 与过去的事实相反,If + had done, 主语 + should(第一人称)/would (第二、三人称) /could/might have done,If he _ (drive) more carefully, he _ the car accident yesterday.,had driven,would not have had,If I _ (learn) how to swim,I _ trapped on this island.,had learnt,would not have been,a. If Tom _ (be) more careful in the

7、 exam, he _ (pass) it already. b. If you _ (get) up earlier, you _ (catch) the first train.,had been,would have passed,had got,would have caught,PRACTICE 2: Fill in the blanks.,c. If I _ (meet) you yesterday, we _ (go) to the concert together.,had met,would have gone,3. 与将来事实相反,If 主语 + did should do

8、 were to do, 主语+ should(第一人称) /would (第二、三人称) /could/ might do,If you succeeded, everything would be all right. If you should succeed, everything would be all right. If you were to succeed, everything would be all right.,If he _ (get) up early,he _ on time.,got,would be,假如他来了, 我们对他说什么呢？,If he were t

9、o come, what should we say to him?,假如他看见我, 就会认识我。,If he should see me, he would know me.,a. If there _ (be) no natural resources any more, we _ (make) use of nuclear power. b. What _ (happen) if you _ (get up) too late tomorrow?,should be,should make,would happen,should get up,PRACTICE 3: Fill in th

10、e blanks,当条件状语从句表示的动作和主句表示的动作所发生的时间不一致时，被称为错综条件句。 If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now.,If the staff had been more careful,the mall would not be on fire now.,三. wish接宾语从句有三种情况：,I wish I _ as tall as you.,were,I wish every day _ my birthday.,were,I wished I _ (eat) so much wa

11、termelon.,hadnt eaten,The party was terrible, I wish I _ never gone to it.,had,I wish it _ (rain) tomorrow.,would rain,从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1. Have you ever been to Beijing? No, but I wish I _. A. haveB. will C. doD. had2. If there were no water in the world, everything _. A. will die B. wou

12、ld die C. would have diedD. have died,3. I wish that I _ with you last night. A. could have gone B. could go C. have goneD. went,4. If I _ you, I _ more attention to English idioms and phrases.A. was; shall pay B. am; will pay C. would be; would pay D. were; would pay,5. I wish that you _ such a bad

13、 headache because Im sure that you would have enjoyed the concert.A. wouldnt have B. didnt haveC. hadnt had D. havent had,6. Alan _ the party if he had gone to London. A. would have missed B. had missed C. would miss D. missed 7. If you _ him yesterday, you _ what to do now. A. asked would know B. h

14、ad asked would have known C. asked him know D. had asked would know,A,D,8. I wish this bus _ to the university. A. go B. went C. has gone D. had gone,B,真实条件句 真实条件句用于陈述语气, 假设的情况可能发生, 其中if是如果的意思。,时态关系句型: 条件从句 主句 一般现在时 shall/will + 动词原形 If he comes, he will bring his violin.,The volleyball match will be put off if it _.A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rained,答案B真实条件句主句为