中国戏剧英文介绍...ppt

1、Chinese Opera,chinese opera,Chinese opera together with Greece tragic-comedy(希腊悲喜剧) and Indian Sanskrit Opera(印度梵剧) are the three oldest dramatic art forms in the world.,During the Tang Dynasty (618 907), the Emperor Taizong established an opera school with the poetic name Liyuan (Pear Garden). From

2、 that time on, performers of Chinese opera were referred to as disciples of the pear garden.,在唐朝(618 - 907),太宗皇帝建立了一个充满诗意的歌剧学校名为立元(梨花园)。从那时起,中国歌剧的表演者被称为“教育的梨花园”。,chinese opera,chinese opera,Since the Yuan Dynasty (1271 - 1368) it has been encouraged by court officials and emperors and has become a t

3、raditional art form. 自从元朝(1271 - 1368)它一直受到法院官员和皇帝的鼓励，已经成为一种传统的艺术形式。 During the Qing Dynasty (1644 - 1911), it became fashionable among ordinary people. Performances were watched in tearooms, restaurants, and even around makeshift stages. 在清朝(1644 - 1911),它在普通百姓中十分流行。在茶室,餐馆,甚至在临时搭建的舞台上都可以看见表演。,What

4、appeals to foreigners most might be the different styles of facial make-up which is one of the highlights and requires distinctive(独特的) techniques of painting. Exaggerated designs are painted on each performers face to symbolize a characters personality, role, and fate. This technique may have origi

5、nated from ancient religions and dance.,这是一个亮点,需要独特的绘画技巧。演员的脸上被夸张地设计着,象征一个角色的性格、角色和命运。这种技术可能源于古老的宗教和舞蹈。,Colourful masks and various roles,White: Sinister(阴险), evil, crafty(狡猾), treacherous(奸诈), and suspicious. Anyone wearing a white mask is usually the villain(坏人). Green: Impulsive(冲动的), violent, no

6、 self restraint or self control. Red: Brave, loyal. Black: Rough, fierce(暴躁的), or impartial(公正的). Yellow: Ambitious, fierce, cool-headed. Blue: Steadfast(坚定的), someone who is loyal and sticks to one side no matter what.,Generally, a red face represents loyalty and bravery; a black face, valor; yello

7、w and white faces, duplicity; and golden and silver faces, mystery. Besides color, lines also function as symbols. For example, a figure can be painted either all white on his face, or just around the nose. The larger the white area painted, the more viperous the role.,一个红色的脸代表忠诚和勇气;一个黑的脸,英勇;黄色和白色的面

8、孔,表里不一;和金色和银色面孔,神秘。除了颜色,线条也函数作为符号。例如,图要么全部涂在他的脸上,或就在鼻子。白色区域画越大,越阴险的角色。,Colourful masks and various roles,1.生是戏曲表演行当的主要类型之一，扮演男性人物。（分为老生、小生，武生。） 2.旦：正旦主要扮演娴静庄重的青年、中年妇女。重唱功，多用韵白。因常穿青素褶子，故又名“青衣”。 花旦多扮演性格明快活泼的青年女性。 此外，还有武旦，老旦等。 3.净：俗称花脸。以面部化妆运用各种色彩和图案勾勒脸谱为突出标志，扮演性格、气质、相貌上有特异之点的男性角色。 4.丑：丑戏曲表演行当主要类型之一，喜剧

9、角色。 。扮演人物种类繁多，有的心地善良，幽默滑稽；有的奸诈刁恶，悭吝卑鄙。,The Development of Chinese Opera,Forming stage: Primitive society (to satisfy peoples spiritual need),社火、秧歌、傩戏,Booming period: In Yuan dynasty, commercial and professional performing group emerged.,The Development of Chinese Opera,Famous works: 窦娥冤（关汉卿）、汉宫秋（马致远）,Extension phase: In Ming dynasty, Kunqu grew up on the regions south of Yangtze River(江南).,The De