2012届高三英语二轮复习 第3模块 阅读理解 专题五 文化型阅读理解精品课件 大纲版

1、2012届高三英语二轮复习精品课件：第3模块-阅读理解-专题五文化型阅读理解-大纲版,专题五 文化型阅读理解,专题五文化型阅读理解,专题五 专题导读,文化类阅读理解文章属高考常选材料之一。这类文章常涉及文化、教育、法制、宗教等方面的文学艺术、发明创造、文化遗产保护、宗教与文化、风俗与习惯、道德与法制、中外文学名著节选、各国学校教育、家庭教育等等。这类材料的命题点往往落在主旨大意题、事实细节题上。在做这类阅读理解题时， 应注意以下几个方面：,专题五 专题导读,1. 先题后文。先读题目， 再带着问题读文章。这类阅读理解文章相对来说事实细节题稍多一点， 如果带着问题读文章， 有利于我们抓细节。 2.

2、 先做细节题。因为做完了局部性的事实细节题后， 自然会加深我们对文章的理解， 这样更有利于做主旨大意题。 3. 重点敲定主旨题。主旨大意题提问的形式主要有两大类：一类是Main idea型；一类是Topic或Title型。,专题五 真题典例,2011全国卷 The way we do things round here Some years ago，I was hired by an American bank. I received a letter from the head of the Personnel Department that started，“Dear John, I am

3、 quite pleased that you have decided to join us.” That “quite” saddened me. I thought he was saying “were kind of pleased you decided to join us,专题五 真题典例,although I wish we had hired someone else.” Then I discovered that in American English “quite” sometimes means “very”，while in British English it

4、means “fairly” So the first lesson about working in other countries is to learn the language and by that I dont just mean the words people speak. It is body language，dress，manners，ideas and so on. The way people do things highlights many of the differences we see between cultures(文化),专题五 真题典例,Some o

5、f these differences may be only on the surfacedress，food and hours of workwhile others may be deeper and take longer to deal with. Mostly，it is just a question of getting used to the differences and accepting them，like the climate(气候)，while getting on with business. Some of the differences may be an

6、 improvement. People are more polite；the service is better；you ask for something to be done and it happens without having to ask again. However，other differences can be troubling，like,专题五 真题典例,punctuality(准时)If you invite people to a party at 7 oclock your guests will consider it polite to turn up e

7、xactly on time in Germany，five minutes early in the American Midwest，an hour early in Japan,15 minutes afterwards in the UK，up to an hour afterwards in Italy and some time in the evening in Greece. I prefer not to use the word “late” because there is nothing wrong with the times people arrive. It is

8、 simply the accepted thing to do in their own country.,专题五 真题典例,【要点综述】 作者以自己在美国的一次找工作的经历，说明了在国外工作了解外国文化差异的重要性。,专题五 真题典例,()1.The author was unhappy as mentioned in Paragraph 1 because he thought_. Athe American bank didnt think much of him Bthe American bank might hire another person Cits difficult t

9、o get used to American culture Dits easy to misunderstand Americans,专题五 真题典例,【解析】 A细节理解题。根据第一段的第三句话That “quite” saddened me.和第四句话I thought he was saying “were kind of pleased you decided to join us although I wish we had hired someone else.”可知是A。结合下面的解释American English “quite” 的意思，可知B“这家银行打算雇用另外一个人”

10、错误。C“难以习惯美国文化”和D“容易误解美国人”与事实不符。,专题五 真题典例,()2.The word “highlights” in Paragraph 2 probably means_. Aencourages Bhelps to narrow Cincreases Ddraws attention to,【解析】 2D词义猜测题。从第二段的最后一句话画线部分前面的The way people do things和后面的many of the differences we see between cultures可知这里的highlights是“吸引注意力”的意思。A项意为“鼓励”，

11、B项意为“帮助缩小”，C项意为“增加”，与语境不符。,专题五 真题典例,()3.According to the author，what should we do with most cultural differences? AAsk the native people for help. BUnderstand and accept them. CDo things in our own way. DDo in depth research.,【解析】 3B细节理解题。从第三段的第二句话Mostly，it is just a question of getting used to the

12、differences and accepting them可知是B。,专题五 真题典例,()4.When invited to a party the people who are usually punctual are_. AItalians BGermans CGreeks Dthe British,【解析】 4B细节理解题。根据最后一段的第四句话your guests will consider it polite to turn up exactly on time in Germany以及后面给出的各个国家的例子，可知是德国人最守时。,专题五 新题预测,(一) Over the

13、years Ive been teaching kids about a simple but powerful spiritthe ant philosophy(哲学). I think everybody should study ants. Ants have an amazing four part philosophy, and here is the first part：they never quit. Thats a good philosophy. If theyre headed somewhere and you try to stop them, theyll look

14、 for another way. Theyll climb over，theyll climb,专题五 新题预测,under, and theyll climb around. They keep looking for another way. What a neat philosophy, to never quit looking for a way to get where theyre supposed to go. Second, ants think winter all summer. Thats an important perspective(态度， 观点). You c

15、ant be so naive (无知的)as to think summer will last forever. So ants are gathering in their winter food in the middle of summer. An ancient story says, “Dont build your house on the sand in,专题五 新题预测,summer.” It is important to think ahead. In summer, you have to think about the storm. You have to thin

16、k about rocks as you enjoy the sand and sun. The third part of the ant philosophy is that ants think summer all winter. That is so important. During the winter, ants remind themselves, “This wont last long；well soon be out of here.” And on the first warm day, the ants are out. If it turns cold again

17、, theyll go back, but then they come out again if it is warm. They cant wait to get out.,专题五 新题预测,And here is the last part of the ant philosophy. How much will an ant gather during the summer to prepare for the winter? All that he possibly can. What an incredible(难以置信的)philosophy, the “all that you

18、 possibly can” philosophy. What a great ant philosophy! Never give up, look ahead, stay active and do all you can.,专题五 新题预测,()1.If ants have trouble reaching somewhere, they will _. Agive up their effort at last Blook for others help C. wait for a chance to come Dget there in another way,【解析】 D细节理解题

19、。根据第二段的“If theyre headed somewhere and you try to stop them, theyll look for another way.”可知，它们会寻找其他方法到达它们想去的地方。,专题五 新题预测,()2.In Paragraph 3, people are advised _. Ato build their houses in winter Bto gather some food in winter Cto build the house on the sand in summer Dto think about the storm in s

20、ummer,【解析】 2D推理判断题。根据第三段的“In summer, you have to think about the storm.”可以确定答案。,专题五 新题预测,( )3.The third part of the ant philosophy is_. Amore important than the other three Bto believe in yourself and think about no difficulty Cto be active and make use of every opportunity Dthat we should know wint

21、er is longer than summer,【解析】 3C细节理解题。第四段中的“During the winter，ants remind themselves，They cant wait to get out.”，以及作者在最后一段中所概括的“stay active”，表明蚂蚁有积极进取的精神。,专题五 新题预测,( )4.Which of the following shows the “all that you possibly can” philosophy? AWe should try our best to do what we can. BOne should thi

22、nk of what will happen in the future. COne should get more pay for what he has done. DWe should spend more time doing our work.,【解析】 4A细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句的“How much will an ant gather during the summer to prepare for the winter? All that he possibly can.”可知答案。,专题五 新题预测,(二) Once, many years ago, I pulled

23、 a family out of a burning car somewhere in Wyoming. Last week I received a telephone call from a woman who could not stop crying as she told me that one of my stories had saved her son from committing suicide. In closing she called me a hero. That got me thinking about what a hero is. Was I a hero

24、because I pulled a family from a burning car? If so, how could I be a hero just because I wrote a story that saved someones life?,专题五 新题预测,Today I decided to look up the word “hero” in the dictionary to see exactly what it meant. It read “a person who does something brave” and also “a person who is

25、good and noble” That statement impressed me more than the part about being brave. So I thought about something very important. And I remembered what happened to me years ago.,专题五 新题预测,After my marriage of twenty years ended, I was in such a condition. I was within hours trying to get up enough coura

26、ge to end the pain and misery. When I returned home, someone had sent me a card in the mail which told me how much they would appreciate me as a friend. That wonderful card probably saved my life. That person, without even knowing_ it,_ saved a life and became a hero.,专题五 新题预测,Many stories I kept wr

27、iting in the following years saved the life of a teenage boy. In turn that makes the person who sent me the card a double hero. I suppose that is why I fight so hard to help the children now living in orphanages (孤儿院). Most children come out of these institutions with a very hard and bitter attitude

28、 against the world. The gifts we send them let them know that they have not been forgotten. Hopefully, most of them will never hurt anyone because of the kindness shown to them by those of us who cared. If it works, we will also become “heroes”,专题五 新题预测,()1.The main idea of the passage is _. Awhy th

29、e writer should be a hero Bwhat a hero exactly is Cwhether the writer is a hero Dthat everyone is a hero,【解析】 B主旨大意题。从第二段的开头“That got me thinking about what a hero is”到结束，作者都围绕着“什么是英雄”这个话题，因此主旨大意应该是B。,专题五 新题预测,()2.Why did the woman call the writer a hero at the end of the call? ABecause his story saved her sons life. BBecause he saved a family from a burni