2010高考新题型解读.ppt

1、2010高考新题型解读,阅读简答,Introduction,“阅读简答题”简称SAQ，是2007年湖南高考英语的一种新题型。该题型要求考生在读懂文章的情况下，用自己的语言简短的回答出有关文章内容的问题，主要测试考生对英语的确切理解能力和用英语进行表达的能力，在考查阅读理解的基础上考查了考生的英语表达能力和概括能力。简答题的基础依然是阅读理解，但对阅读理解的要求更高。考查的点既有细节题，也有推断题，甚至还有要考生进行总结归纳的题。但由于简答部分只有问题，而且要求考生用简练的语言进行回答,同时还要注意拼写、语法的正确，这就使得简答题要难得多。,SAQ = Short Answer Question

2、s,73. Find in the passage a word closest in meaning to the underlined word “angling”. 74. What could happen to the north magnetic pole by the middle of the 21 century? (回答词数不超过8个) 75. What is the main idea of the passage? （回答词数不超过8个）,2007年湖南高考英语阅读简答题,Review,2008年湖南高考英语阅读简答题,73. What kind of tools ar

3、e the sculptures NOT permitted to use? (回答词数不超过6个) 74. What gives the sculptors ideas for their creative work? (回答词数不超过9个) 75. Why did Team USA win the competition in 2006? (回答词数不超过15个),What did Grandfather do in Hersheys factory? （回答词数不超过12个） 74. Why didnt Hershey fire Grandfather? （回答词数不超过10个） 75.

4、 What does the incident show us about Hershey? （回答词数不超过15个）,2009年湖南高考英语阅读简答题,一 阅读简答的题型,3. 主旨大意,2. 细节理解,1.猜测词义,题 型,(73)2007 , 2008,(74)2007 (73,74)2008 (74)(75) 2009,(75)2007,4. 推理判断,(75)2008(75)2009,二、简答题的评分原则及标准一）简答题要求学生在读懂文章的基础上，用正确简洁的语言回答问题。在评分时同时考虑内容和语言。每题满分为2分，最低分为0分。二）给分标准 2分 答出全部内容，语言正确；1分 答出

5、部分内容，语言正确； 0分 没有答对问题。三）扣分标准1. 语言错误扣0.5分，每题语言错误扣分不超过0.5分（标点符号和大小写错误忽略不计）；2. 涉及无关内容者扣0.5分；若答案中有互相矛盾的内容，则内容互相矛盾的部分皆不得分；3. 整句原封不动照搬，扣0.5分；4. 考生所给答案超过10个单词扣0.5分。如答案涵盖两个方面，而考生只答对其中一个方面时，答错的一方面则在扣除1分后不再以多余信息另外扣分，但其中如有语言错误则再扣0.5分,一. 细节类问题 特殊疑问词多就事情发生的时间、地点、人物、起因、过程、结果提问，因而就是when、where、who、what、 how、 why等提问。

6、 提问用when、where、who等的学生多能在文章中找到，表述出错的少。 提问用why , 就要用because 引导的从句回答；提问用how 就可用by/through等； 而对于what 的回答，应分析what在句中是主语，宾语还是表语，然后采取相对应的形式来回答。,73. What did Grandfather do in Hersheys factory? （回答词数不超过12个） 解析：这是考查细节，what 在问句中是做宾语，第一遍看文章时就能找到答案应该在第四自然段His job was to push the vats (大桶) of warm chocolate to

7、a storage area.然后经过整理，我们不难得出答案：He pushed the vats of warm chocolate to a storage area.,推断归纳题 这类题一是就文章的主旨大意或标题设问再就可能就作者的态度推断题。 常用下列表述方式出题： 1.Whats the main idea of this passage? 2.What does the writer want to tell us? 3. What does the passage mainly talk about? 4.What is the purpose of the writer? 5.

8、What can be inferred from the first/ second paragraph? 6.What is the best title of this article? 7. What does the third / fourth sentence in Paragraph 1/ Paragraph 2 imply? 8.What can we conclude from the last paragraph? 9. Whats the writers attitude towards?,试看2009年湖南高考阅读简答题： 74. Why didnt Hershey

9、fire Grandfather? （回答词数不超过10个） 75. What does the incident show us about Hershey? （回答词数不超过15个） 又如2007年湖南高考题： 75. What is the main idea of the passage? 回答词数不超过8个 解析：这篇文章主要讲北磁极的移动，而且这种移动速度加快了。在文中第二断的最后有信息句the magnetic pole has picked up its pace.所以答案为：The north magnetic pole is moving faster.,三. 解题方法 如

10、何做到简答呢? 1.读懂问题，查找线索。 为了减少或避免在内容错误上失分，考生可先快速阅读文后所提的问题，把握问题的难度：此题为细节理解题、主旨概括题、推断题、猜测词义题等。同时，根据这三个问题预测将要读到的文章的内容，以降低理解的难度。 2.快速浏览文章（skimming）把握文章的篇章结构及主旨大意； 3.带着问题，到原文中去寻找相关的信息(scanning)； 4. 信息点归纳总结或重组语言，在严格考虑明确规定的词数的同时，注意所给答案语言的准确无误。,(1)词语替代法。1)用词性相同的同义词、近义词、反义词或同义词组、反义词组对原句的某些成分进行简单的替代,而句子的结构保持不变。如：

11、a. Is Lily at home? -Is Lily in? b. I must take good care of my sister at home. -I must look after my sister well at home. c. Theyve sold their house in preparation for leaving the country. -Theyve sold the house preparing for leaving the country. -Theyve sold the house to leave the country. d. An i

12、dea suddenly came to my mind. -An idea suddenly struck me. e. It took him two hours to do these exercises yesterday. -He spent two hours on these exercises yesterday.,2)、语法替代法： 用名词所有格形式“S”代替介词of 例如： The power of government _ a friend of her mother _ the old-growing of the “baby boomers” _,The govern

13、ments power,Her mothers friend,Baby boomers old-growing,(2)词类转换法。此法是指利用某些派生词或词性相异的词组来替代原句中的某些成分.此时句子结构会发生变化。如： Vitamin C is necessary for strong bones and teeth ,and for healthy blood vessels Being a_ for strong bones and teeth and healthy blood. It grows to one meter in length Being_ Some were well

14、 built and attractive What do they look like? _ The rain was very heavy last night It rained heavilyhard last night,necessity,one meter long,well-built and attractive,(3)合并分句法。把两个意义相关的简单句合并为一个简单句。如： He is a new teacher. He is called Sun Jun. - He is a new teacher called/named sun Jun. The woman is o

15、ur new director. She is in red. - The woman in red is our new director.,(4)句型转换法。句型转换是句子类别的转换。它要求学生对所学的句子结构和词形的变化做到概念清楚，运用准确。 比较状语句型转换：最高级：比较级 + than any otherthe others= no other + as + 原级 + as. Li Lei is taller than any other student in his class. -Li Lei is the tallest in his class. b. This flowe

16、r is more beautiful than any other flower at the exhibition. -No other flowers at the exhibition are as beautiful as this one. -This flower is the most beautiful (one) at the exhibition.,状语从句与不定式转换 The little girl was so tired that she couldnt go farther. -The little girl was too tired to go farther

17、. 通过分析，我们不难发现，该题是由复合句转换为简单句，可用tooto句型. b. The bear wants to climb the tree in order that he can get the apple on it. -The bear wants to climb the tree (in order) to/(so as) to get the apple on it. c. The bear is so big that he can not climb the tree. -The bear is too big to climb the tree.,宾语从句与不定式转

18、换 a. We all hope that we will be able to play ball games on the sports field. -We all hope to play ball games on the sports field. b. We expect that he will change his mind one day. -We expect him to change his mind one day. c. He orders that we should do our homework in the classroom after school.

19、-He orders us to do our homework in the classroom after school.,从句转换 a. It was so hot that many people went swimming. -It was such a hot day that many people went swimming. b. He will miss the train if he does not take a taxi. -He will miss the train unless he takes a taxi. 从句与分词、动名词转换 When I was going shopping ye